A hybrid WDM ring–tree topology delivering efficient utilization of bandwidth over resilient infrastructure

This paper proposed a hybrid WDM ring–tree topology which employs spectrally efficient 60 Gbps non-return-to-zero/polarization shift keying optical orthogonal modulated signals. The reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers, optical cross-connects and semiconductor optical amplifiers are utilized to make hybrid ring–tree architecture. Each optical add/drop multiplexer node is connected to tree topology to further increase the number of users. The main contribution of the proposed spectrally efficient hybrid optical network is to support the maximum number of users within limited bandwidth for future communication networks. Also, the proposed resilient ring–tree architecture has advantages such as high optical node density and bandwidth/spectral efficiency as compared to conventional packet-switched optical access network.