A novel topology for power quality improvement using EPO incremental conductance MPPT controller for SPV system with 51-level inverter

Fossil fuels will eventually be phased out because they are unsustainable, and their combustion releases harmful pollutants. Therefore, renewable energy sources (RES) are used instead of fossil fuels to generate electricity. The most important aspect of RES is its unlimited and infinite supply. In addition, the RES, including wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, hydroelectric, and others, offers clean, environmentally favorable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) systems are widely used in power systems due to their accessibility and low maintenance requirements. Solar energy is abundant and produces clean energy compared to other renewable energy sources. The ambient temperature and irradiance substantially impact the energy produced by solar PV (SPV). The atmosphere rapidly modifies the temperature and irradiance. This article employs maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategies to boost energy production. The MPPT controller is used to produce maximum power from the RES. The incremental conductance is combined with the emperor penguin optimization algorithm to utilize the greatest SPV power. The buck converter reduces the voltage using the extracted peak power of the SPV. To provide a reduced harmonic voltage waveform in the output, multi-level inverters are used. Increasing the level counter of a staircase waveform improves the output voltage quality. A 51-level inverter is utilized for this, which consists of many MOSFET switches to produce a 51-level output waveform. The 51-level inverter’s current is controlled by the proportional resonance-based rain optimization algorithm (PR-ROA) controller, which also provides efficient switch tuning. In this situation, ROA adjusts the settings of PR and leads to reduced total harmonic distortion output signals.