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Dark Fermentation and Bioelectrochemical Systems for Enhanced Biohydrogen Production from Palm Oil Mill Effluent: Current Progress, Potentials, and Future Perspectives Read chapter Read first chapter

2020 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

8. Analysis of Termite Microbiome and Biodegradation of Various Phenolic Compounds by a Bacterium Isolated from the Termite gut in Louisiana, USA

Authors : Seth Van Dexter, Ramaraj Boopathy

Published in: Valorisation of Agro-industrial Residues – Volume I: Biological Approaches

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The eastern subterranean termite (EST) Reticulitermes flavipes is an insect pest in the USA. Like all wood-feeding termites (WFT), EST relies on a complex system of microbes to meet its nutritional requirements. The microbiome of WFT is stable, but the relative abundance of bacteria changes depending on diet. The purpose of this study was to explore the microbial diversity within EST collected in Thibodaux and St. Francisville, LA and detect differences based on diet and location to determine if the microbiome has a strict structure. It was found that taxa did not differ much between nearby colonies, but relative abundance is impacted by the wood in the diet. Half of bacteria from the gut of termites on nuttall oak were Bacteroidales, of which 22.7% were members of the family Porphyromonadaceae. 44% of bacteria from termites on red maple were Spirochaetes. All Spirochaetes were members of the genus Treponema. Elusimicrobia, a phylum found exclusively within termites and wood-feeding cockroaches was not abundant in either St. Francisville colony. Taxa differed more between termite colonies from different locations, but the mircobiome of St. Francisville colonies appeared to begin diverging at the family level. Overall, the microbiome was typical of termites, harboring cellulolytic protozoa, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, acetogenic Spirochaetes, and methanogenic archaeans. This has implications in microbial ecology because the organisms are changing, but the function, digestion of lignocellulose, is not. A bacterium was isolated and identified from termite gut as Acinetobacter tandoii from our previous studies degraded various phenolics, including phenol, nitrophenol, dinitrophenol, trinitrophenol, and toluene.

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Metadata
Title
Analysis of Termite Microbiome and Biodegradation of Various Phenolic Compounds by a Bacterium Isolated from the Termite gut in Louisiana, USA
Authors
Seth Van Dexter
Ramaraj Boopathy
Copyright Year
2020
Book
Valorisation of Agro-industrial Residues – Volume I: Biological Approaches

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-39136-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-39137-9

Copyright Year: 2020

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39137-9_8