Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 3/2012

01-06-2012 | Original Paper

Application of New Theories and Technology for Grouting of Dams and Foundations on Rock

Authors: H. Stille, G. Gustafson, L. Hassler

Published in: Geotechnical and Geological Engineering | Issue 3/2012

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Permeation grouting is used to improve rock conditions under dams and foundations. During recent decades, there has been a substantial increase of understanding of the mechanism behind grout spread in fractured rock. It is the penetrability of the grout mix and the spread in the joints which will be the governing factors for the quality of the grout curtain. The flow properties and the pressure will give the required time to achieve the quality. The empirical based refusal and completion criteria of today can be replaced by a more engineering based grouting process. An active control method has been developed in order to govern the grout spread during the grouting operation based on the new theory of spreading of grout. The concept is called the “real time grouting control method”. The concept and the latest finding of the mechanism of spreading of the grout in the fractures of the rock mass are presented in the paper. The application of the method on two dam projects is also presented.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Axelsson M (2009) Prevention of erosion of fresh grout in hard rock. Doctoral thesis, Division of GEO Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden Axelsson M (2009) Prevention of erosion of fresh grout in hard rock. Doctoral thesis, Division of GEO Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
go back to reference Barker JA (1988) A generalized radial flow model for hydraulic tests in fractured rock. Water Resour Res 24(10):1796–1804CrossRef Barker JA (1988) A generalized radial flow model for hydraulic tests in fractured rock. Water Resour Res 24(10):1796–1804CrossRef
go back to reference Beauheim R, Roberts R, Avis J (2004) Well testing in fractured media: flow dimensions and diagnostic plots. J Hydraul Res 42:69–76CrossRef Beauheim R, Roberts R, Avis J (2004) Well testing in fractured media: flow dimensions and diagnostic plots. J Hydraul Res 42:69–76CrossRef
go back to reference Brantberger M, Stille H, Eriksson M (2000) Controlling the grout spread in tunnel grouting—analyses and developments of the GIN-method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):343–352CrossRef Brantberger M, Stille H, Eriksson M (2000) Controlling the grout spread in tunnel grouting—analyses and developments of the GIN-method. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):343–352CrossRef
go back to reference Cornet F, Li L, Hulin J-P, Ippolito I, Kurowski P (2003) The hydromechanical behaviour of a fracture: an in situ experimental study. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 40:1257–1270CrossRef Cornet F, Li L, Hulin J-P, Ippolito I, Kurowski P (2003) The hydromechanical behaviour of a fracture: an in situ experimental study. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 40:1257–1270CrossRef
go back to reference Draganovic A (2009) Bleeding and filtration of cement-based grout. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden Draganovic A (2009) Bleeding and filtration of cement-based grout. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Draganovic A, Stille H (2011) Filtration and penetrability of cement based grout: study performed with a slot. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 26:548–559CrossRef Draganovic A, Stille H (2011) Filtration and penetrability of cement based grout: study performed with a slot. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 26:548–559CrossRef
go back to reference Eklund D, Stille H (2008) Penetrability due to filtration tendency of cement-based grout. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 23:390–397CrossRef Eklund D, Stille H (2008) Penetrability due to filtration tendency of cement-based grout. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 23:390–397CrossRef
go back to reference Eriksson M (2002) Prediction of grout spread and sealing effect—a probabilistic approach. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Eriksson M (2002) Prediction of grout spread and sealing effect—a probabilistic approach. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Eriksson M, Stille H (2003) A method for measuring and evaluating the penetrability of grouts. In: International conference of grouting and ground treatment, New Orleans. Geotechnical special publication no. 120, ASCE, pp 1326–1337 Eriksson M, Stille H (2003) A method for measuring and evaluating the penetrability of grouts. In: International conference of grouting and ground treatment, New Orleans. Geotechnical special publication no. 120, ASCE, pp 1326–1337
go back to reference Eriksson M, Stille H, Andersson J (2000) Numerical calculations for prediction of grout spread with account for filtration and varying aperture. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):353–364CrossRef Eriksson M, Stille H, Andersson J (2000) Numerical calculations for prediction of grout spread with account for filtration and varying aperture. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):353–364CrossRef
go back to reference Fransson Å (2001) Characterisation of fractured rock for grouting using hydrogeological methods. Doctoral thesis, Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden Fransson Å (2001) Characterisation of fractured rock for grouting using hydrogeological methods. Doctoral thesis, Department of Geology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
go back to reference Fransson Å (2002a) Characterization of a fractured rock mass for a grouting field test. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 6(4):331–339 Fransson Å (2002a) Characterization of a fractured rock mass for a grouting field test. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 6(4):331–339
go back to reference Fransson Å (2002b) Non-parametric method for transmissivity distributions along boreholes. Ground Water 40(2):201–204CrossRef Fransson Å (2002b) Non-parametric method for transmissivity distributions along boreholes. Ground Water 40(2):201–204CrossRef
go back to reference Fransson Å (2009) Selection of grouting material based on a fracture hydraulic aperture assessment. In: Nordic symposium of rock grouting, Finnish tunnelling association, Helsinki, Finland, pp 55–61 Fransson Å (2009) Selection of grouting material based on a fracture hydraulic aperture assessment. In: Nordic symposium of rock grouting, Finnish tunnelling association, Helsinki, Finland, pp 55–61
go back to reference Fransson Å, Tsang C-F, Rutqvist J, Gustafson G (2007) A new parameter to assess hydromechanical effects in single-hole hydraulic testing and grouting. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44:1011–1021CrossRef Fransson Å, Tsang C-F, Rutqvist J, Gustafson G (2007) A new parameter to assess hydromechanical effects in single-hole hydraulic testing and grouting. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44:1011–1021CrossRef
go back to reference Funehag J, Fransson Å (2006) Sealing narrow fractures with a Newtonian fluid: model prediction for grouting verified by field study. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 21(5):492–498CrossRef Funehag J, Fransson Å (2006) Sealing narrow fractures with a Newtonian fluid: model prediction for grouting verified by field study. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 21(5):492–498CrossRef
go back to reference Gothäll R, Stille H (2008) Fracture dilation during grouting. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 24:126–135CrossRef Gothäll R, Stille H (2008) Fracture dilation during grouting. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 24:126–135CrossRef
go back to reference Gustafson G, Fransson Å (2000) The use of transmissivity data from probe holes for predicting tunnel grouting: analyses of data from the access tunnel to the Äspö hard rock laboratory. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):365–368CrossRef Gustafson G, Fransson Å (2000) The use of transmissivity data from probe holes for predicting tunnel grouting: analyses of data from the access tunnel to the Äspö hard rock laboratory. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 15(4):365–368CrossRef
go back to reference Gustafson G, Stille H (1996) Prediction of groutability from grout properties and hydrogeological data. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 11(3):325–332CrossRef Gustafson G, Stille H (1996) Prediction of groutability from grout properties and hydrogeological data. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 11(3):325–332CrossRef
go back to reference Gustafson G, Stille H (2005) Stop criteria for cement grouting. Felsbau 23:62–68 Gustafson G, Stille H (2005) Stop criteria for cement grouting. Felsbau 23:62–68
go back to reference Gustafson G, Fransson Å, Butron C, Hernqvist L (2009) Effective aperture for grout penetration. In: Nordic symposium of rock grouting, Finnish tunnelling association, Helsinki, Finland Gustafson G, Fransson Å, Butron C, Hernqvist L (2009) Effective aperture for grout penetration. In: Nordic symposium of rock grouting, Finnish tunnelling association, Helsinki, Finland
go back to reference Gustafson G, Hernqvist L, Fransson Å, Funehag J (2010) The use of proxy parameters in pre-investigation, design and construction of tunnels with application to grouting. In: Proceedings of the rock mechanics in the Nordic countries 2010, Kongsberg, Norway Gustafson G, Hernqvist L, Fransson Å, Funehag J (2010) The use of proxy parameters in pre-investigation, design and construction of tunnels with application to grouting. In: Proceedings of the rock mechanics in the Nordic countries 2010, Kongsberg, Norway
go back to reference Håkansson U (1993) Rheology of fresh cement-based grouts. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Håkansson U (1993) Rheology of fresh cement-based grouts. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Hässler L (1991) Grouting of rock—simulation and classification. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Hässler L (1991) Grouting of rock—simulation and classification. Doctoral thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Hässler L, Stille H, Håkansson U (1988) Simulation of grouting in jointed rock. In: Proceedings of the 6th international congress on rock mechanics, Montreal, vol 2, pp 943–946 Hässler L, Stille H, Håkansson U (1988) Simulation of grouting in jointed rock. In: Proceedings of the 6th international congress on rock mechanics, Montreal, vol 2, pp 943–946
go back to reference Hernqvist L, Fransson Å, Gustafson G, Emmelin A, Eriksson M, Stille H (2009) Analyses of the grouting results for a section of the APSE tunnel at Äspö hard rock laboratory. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46:439–449CrossRef Hernqvist L, Fransson Å, Gustafson G, Emmelin A, Eriksson M, Stille H (2009) Analyses of the grouting results for a section of the APSE tunnel at Äspö hard rock laboratory. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 46:439–449CrossRef
go back to reference Houlsby AC (1990) Construction and design of cement grouting. Wiley, USA Houlsby AC (1990) Construction and design of cement grouting. Wiley, USA
go back to reference Kobayashi S, Stille H, Gustafson G, Stille B (2008) Real time grouting control method: development and application using Äspö HRL data. R-08-133, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, Stockholm, Sweden Kobayashi S, Stille H, Gustafson G, Stille B (2008) Real time grouting control method: development and application using Äspö HRL data. R-08-133, Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company, Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Lombardi G (1985) The role of cohesion in cement grouting of rock. In: 15th ICOLD congress, Lausanne, vol III, pp 235–261 Lombardi G (1985) The role of cohesion in cement grouting of rock. In: 15th ICOLD congress, Lausanne, vol III, pp 235–261
go back to reference Lombardi G, Deere D (1993) Grouting design and control using the GIN principle. Water Power Dam Constr 45(6):15–22 Lombardi G, Deere D (1993) Grouting design and control using the GIN principle. Water Power Dam Constr 45(6):15–22
go back to reference Moye DG (1967) Diamond drilling for foundation exploration. Civ Eng Trans Inst Eng Aust 45(17):95–100 Moye DG (1967) Diamond drilling for foundation exploration. Civ Eng Trans Inst Eng Aust 45(17):95–100
go back to reference Palmström A, Stille H (2010) Rock engineering. Thomas Telford, London, Great Britain Palmström A, Stille H (2010) Rock engineering. Thomas Telford, London, Great Britain
go back to reference Rafi JY (2010) Applying “real time grouting control method” in sedimentary rock with gotvand dam data. Master of Science thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Rafi JY (2010) Applying “real time grouting control method” in sedimentary rock with gotvand dam data. Master of Science thesis, Division of Soil and Rock Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
go back to reference Rombough V, Bonin G, Shuttle DA (2006) Penetrability control of GIN mixes during fractured rock grouting. In: Proceedings of the sea-to-sky geotechnique—59th Canadian geotechnical society, 1–4 October, pp 528–535 Rombough V, Bonin G, Shuttle DA (2006) Penetrability control of GIN mixes during fractured rock grouting. In: Proceedings of the sea-to-sky geotechnique—59th Canadian geotechnical society, 1–4 October, pp 528–535
go back to reference Snow DT (1970) The frequency and aperture of fractures in rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 7:23–40CrossRef Snow DT (1970) The frequency and aperture of fractures in rock. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 7:23–40CrossRef
go back to reference Warner J (2004) Practical handbook of grouting—soil, rock and structures. Wiley, New Jersey, USA Warner J (2004) Practical handbook of grouting—soil, rock and structures. Wiley, New Jersey, USA
go back to reference Weaver K (1991) Dam foundation grouting. ASCE, New York, USA Weaver K (1991) Dam foundation grouting. ASCE, New York, USA
go back to reference Zimmermann RW, Bodvarsson GS (1996) Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures. Transp Porous Media 23:1–30CrossRef Zimmermann RW, Bodvarsson GS (1996) Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures. Transp Porous Media 23:1–30CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Application of New Theories and Technology for Grouting of Dams and Foundations on Rock
Authors
H. Stille
G. Gustafson
L. Hassler
Publication date
01-06-2012
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Geotechnical and Geological Engineering / Issue 3/2012
Print ISSN: 0960-3182
Electronic ISSN: 1573-1529
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10706-012-9512-7

Other articles of this Issue 3/2012

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 3/2012 Go to the issue