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Published in: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft 1/2017

07-03-2017 | Wissenschaftliche Beiträge

Arbeitsintensität: Ein Überblick zu Zusammenhängen mit Beanspruchungsfolgen und Gestaltungsempfehlungen

Authors: Dr. rer. medic. Nicole Stab, MPH, Dr. phil. Anika Schulz-Dadaczynski, M.A.

Published in: Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft | Issue 1/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Arbeitsintensität gilt als einer der zentralen Belastungsfaktoren der modernen Arbeitswelt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von quantitativen Arbeitsanforderungen (Arbeitsmenge und -zeit/-tempo) und qualitativen Arbeitsanforderungen (Komplexität und Qualität) auf verschiedene Beanspruchungsfolgen, wie Gesundheit, Leistung, Beschwerden und Motivation metaanalytisch untersucht. Weiterhin erfolgte auf Basis der ausgewerteten Literatur die Aufarbeitung von Empfehlungen zur Gestaltung von Arbeitsintensität. Dazu wurden 294 deutsch- und englischsprachige Studien zum Thema Arbeitsintensität betrachtet, wobei sich die vorliegende Arbeit an einer Definition von Arbeitsintensität nach Trägner (2006) orientiert. Die systematische Literaturrecherche beschränkt sich auf die letzten zehn Jahre und fokussiert auf Dienstleistungstätigkeiten. Die gefundenen Zusammenhänge von quantitativen Anforderungen und den untersuchten Beanspruchungsfolgen weisen auf überwiegend kleine bis mittlere Effekte hin. Die Effekte in Querschnittsstudien sind jedoch stärker ausgeprägt als in Längsschnittstudien. Die starke Heterogenität der Studienergebnisse muss berücksichtigt und diskutiert werden. Die aus den Studien abgeleiteten Gestaltungsempfehlungen werden nach bedingungs- und personenbezogenen Ansätzen gegliedert. Es finden sich überwiegend Empfehlungen zur indirekten Gestaltung von Arbeitsintensität. Hierbei ist insbesondere der Ausbau von Ressourcen zentral, wie zum Beispiel eine Erhöhung des Handlungsspielraums oder die Verbesserung des Verhaltens im Umgang mit hoher Arbeitsintensität.

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Appendix
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Metadata
Title
Arbeitsintensität: Ein Überblick zu Zusammenhängen mit Beanspruchungsfolgen und Gestaltungsempfehlungen
Authors
Dr. rer. medic. Nicole Stab, MPH
Dr. phil. Anika Schulz-Dadaczynski, M.A.
Publication date
07-03-2017
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-2444
Electronic ISSN: 2366-4681
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-017-0048-9

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