Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal 3/2009

01-09-2009

Assessing Liability for Sexual Harassment: Reactions of Potential Jurors to Email Versus Face-to-Face Incidents

Authors: Robyn A. Berkley, David M. Kaplan

Published in: Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal | Issue 3/2009

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

This paper investigates reactions of potential jurors to sexual harassment incidents. Email and face-to-face incidents are compared to determine the importance of context on decision-making. The paper considers juror decision-making for both guilt and level of award to randomly assigned scenarios involving multiple levels of harassment. Results found that email harassment was perceived more harshly, consistent with a context-based hypothesis. The paper concludes with organizational implications for better handling sexual harassment awareness training as well as Internet usage guidelines.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
go back to reference Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182.CrossRef Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173–1182.CrossRef
go back to reference Bem, S. L. (1978). Bem sex role inventory. Mountainview: Consulting Psychologists. Bem, S. L. (1978). Bem sex role inventory. Mountainview: Consulting Psychologists.
go back to reference Borstorff, P., & Graham, G. (2006). E-harassment: employee perceptions of E-technology as a source of harassment. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 11(3), 51–67. Borstorff, P., & Graham, G. (2006). E-harassment: employee perceptions of E-technology as a source of harassment. Journal of Applied Management and Entrepreneurship, 11(3), 51–67.
go back to reference Burgess, D., & Borgida, E. (1997). Sexual harassment: an experimental test of sex-role spillover theory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 63–75.CrossRef Burgess, D., & Borgida, E. (1997). Sexual harassment: an experimental test of sex-role spillover theory. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 63–75.CrossRef
go back to reference Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32, 554–571.CrossRef Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32, 554–571.CrossRef
go back to reference Dennis, A. R., & Kinney, S. T. (1998). Testing media richness theory in the new media: the effects of cues, feedback, and task equivocality. Information Systems Research, 9(3), 256–274.CrossRef Dennis, A. R., & Kinney, S. T. (1998). Testing media richness theory in the new media: the effects of cues, feedback, and task equivocality. Information Systems Research, 9(3), 256–274.CrossRef
go back to reference Diamond, S. S. (1990). Scientific jury selection: what social scientists know and do not know. Judicature, 73, 178–183. Diamond, S. S. (1990). Scientific jury selection: what social scientists know and do not know. Judicature, 73, 178–183.
go back to reference Diamond, S. S., & Casper, J. D. (1992). Blindfolding the jury to verdict consequences: damages, experts, and the civil jury. Law and Society Review, 26, 513–563.CrossRef Diamond, S. S., & Casper, J. D. (1992). Blindfolding the jury to verdict consequences: damages, experts, and the civil jury. Law and Society Review, 26, 513–563.CrossRef
go back to reference Glomb, S. M., & Espelage, D. L. (2005). The influence of restrictive emotionality in men's emotional appraisal of sexual harassment: a gender role interpretation. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 6, 240–253.CrossRef Glomb, S. M., & Espelage, D. L. (2005). The influence of restrictive emotionality in men's emotional appraisal of sexual harassment: a gender role interpretation. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 6, 240–253.CrossRef
go back to reference Gowan, M. A., & Zimmerman, R. A. (1996). Impact of ethnicity, gender, and previous experience on juror judgments in sexual harassment cases. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 596–617.CrossRef Gowan, M. A., & Zimmerman, R. A. (1996). Impact of ethnicity, gender, and previous experience on juror judgments in sexual harassment cases. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 26, 596–617.CrossRef
go back to reference Huntley, J. E., & Costanzo, M. (2003). Sexual harassment stories: testing a story-mediate model of juror decision-making in civil litigation. Law and Human Behavior, 27, 29–51.CrossRef Huntley, J. E., & Costanzo, M. (2003). Sexual harassment stories: testing a story-mediate model of juror decision-making in civil litigation. Law and Human Behavior, 27, 29–51.CrossRef
go back to reference Jaschik, M. L., & Fretz, B. R. (1991). Women’s perceptions and labeling of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 25, 19–23.CrossRef Jaschik, M. L., & Fretz, B. R. (1991). Women’s perceptions and labeling of sexual harassment. Sex Roles, 25, 19–23.CrossRef
go back to reference Maass, A., Cadinu, M., Guarnieri, G., & Grasselli, A. (2003). Sexual harassment under social identity threat: the computer harassment paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 853–870.CrossRef Maass, A., Cadinu, M., Guarnieri, G., & Grasselli, A. (2003). Sexual harassment under social identity threat: the computer harassment paradigm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 853–870.CrossRef
go back to reference Mathis, R. & Jackson, J. (2008) Human resource management, 12th ed. Mason: Thomson, South-Western. Mathis, R. & Jackson, J. (2008) Human resource management, 12th ed. Mason: Thomson, South-Western.
go back to reference Perry, E. L., Kulik, C. T., & Bourhis, A. C. (2004). The reasonable woman standard: effects on sexual harassment court decisions. Law and Human Behavior, 28, 9–27.CrossRef Perry, E. L., Kulik, C. T., & Bourhis, A. C. (2004). The reasonable woman standard: effects on sexual harassment court decisions. Law and Human Behavior, 28, 9–27.CrossRef
go back to reference Pesta, B. J., Dunegan, K. J., & Hrivnak, M. W. (2007). Contrast and rater-perspective effects on judgments of sexual harassment severity: what he thinks she thinks, and vice versa. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 155–165.CrossRef Pesta, B. J., Dunegan, K. J., & Hrivnak, M. W. (2007). Contrast and rater-perspective effects on judgments of sexual harassment severity: what he thinks she thinks, and vice versa. Journal of Business Psychology, 22, 155–165.CrossRef
go back to reference Rice, R. E. (1984). The new media: Communication, research, and technology. Beverly Hills: Sage. Rice, R. E. (1984). The new media: Communication, research, and technology. Beverly Hills: Sage.
go back to reference Robertson, L. G., & Unger, R. (1997). Reducing risky e-mail: there is no such thing as e-mail privacy. SRA Journal, 29(3/4), 3–12. Robertson, L. G., & Unger, R. (1997). Reducing risky e-mail: there is no such thing as e-mail privacy. SRA Journal, 29(3/4), 3–12.
go back to reference Robinson, Karyn-Siobhan (2001). Cyber-sex permeates the workplace. HR News, April 2001, pg 10. Robinson, Karyn-Siobhan (2001). Cyber-sex permeates the workplace. HR News, April 2001, pg 10.
go back to reference Short, J. A., Williams, F., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. New York: Wiley. Short, J. A., Williams, F., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. New York: Wiley.
go back to reference Sipior, J. C., & Ward, B. T. (1999). The dark side of employee email. Association for Computing Machinery, Communications of the ACM, 42(7), 88–94. Sipior, J. C., & Ward, B. T. (1999). The dark side of employee email. Association for Computing Machinery, Communications of the ACM, 42(7), 88–94.
go back to reference Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1986). Reducing social context cues: electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32, 1492–1512.CrossRef Sproull, L., & Kiesler, S. (1986). Reducing social context cues: electronic mail in organizational communication. Management Science, 32, 1492–1512.CrossRef
go back to reference Towns, D. M., & Johnson, M. S. (2003). Sexual harassment in the 21st century—E-harassment in the workplace. Employee Relations Law Journal, 29(1), 7–24. Towns, D. M., & Johnson, M. S. (2003). Sexual harassment in the 21st century—E-harassment in the workplace. Employee Relations Law Journal, 29(1), 7–24.
go back to reference Wayne, J. H., Riordan, C. M., & Thomas, K. M. (2001). Is all sexual harassment viewed the same? Mock juror decisions in same- and cross-gender cases. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 179–187.CrossRef Wayne, J. H., Riordan, C. M., & Thomas, K. M. (2001). Is all sexual harassment viewed the same? Mock juror decisions in same- and cross-gender cases. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 179–187.CrossRef
go back to reference Weisband, S. P., & Reinig, B. A. (1995). Managing user perceptions of email privacy. Association for Computing Machinery, Communications of the ACM, 38(12), 40–47. Weisband, S. P., & Reinig, B. A. (1995). Managing user perceptions of email privacy. Association for Computing Machinery, Communications of the ACM, 38(12), 40–47.
go back to reference Wiener, R. L., & Hurt, L. E. (2000). How do people evaluate social sexual conduct at work? A Psychological model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 75–85.CrossRef Wiener, R. L., & Hurt, L. E. (2000). How do people evaluate social sexual conduct at work? A Psychological model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 75–85.CrossRef
go back to reference Williams, E. (1977). Experimental comparisons of face-to-face and mediated communication: a review. Psychological Bulletin, 84(5), 963–976.CrossRef Williams, E. (1977). Experimental comparisons of face-to-face and mediated communication: a review. Psychological Bulletin, 84(5), 963–976.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Assessing Liability for Sexual Harassment: Reactions of Potential Jurors to Email Versus Face-to-Face Incidents
Authors
Robyn A. Berkley
David M. Kaplan
Publication date
01-09-2009
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal / Issue 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0892-7545
Electronic ISSN: 1573-3378
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10672-009-9110-x

Other articles of this Issue 3/2009

Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal 3/2009 Go to the issue