Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Happiness Studies 2/2016

08-01-2015 | Research Paper

Beyond Abstinence: An Examination of Psychological Well-Being in Members of Narcotics Anonymous

Authors: Christian DeLucia, Brandon G. Bergman, Danette Beitra, Hillary L. Howrey, Stephanie Seibert, Amy E. Ellis, Jessica Mizrachi

Published in: Journal of Happiness Studies | Issue 2/2016

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

While a growing body of literature supports the role of mutual help organizations in helping members achieve abstinence, fellowships other than Alcoholics Anonymous and outcomes beyond abstinence have been studied far less often. The current study examined recovery-related correlates of psychological well-being in a sample of Narcotics Anonymous (NA) members. Participants (N = 128) were self-identified NA members from across the United States who completed an online survey assessing an array of psychosocial outcomes. Hierarchical regression models assessed whether abstinence duration and other recovery-related variables accounted for significant incremental variance in psychological well-being, over and above several covariates. As a block, abstinence duration and the recovery predictors accounted for significant incremental variance in three of four psychological well-being domains. As a complement to studies on short-term benefits of mutual help organizations, these data suggest ongoing recovery involvement may be positively associated with subjective psychological well-being in NA members.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Alcoholics Anonymous. (2001). Alcoholics Anonymous: The story of how many thousands of men and women have recovered from alcoholism (4th ed.). New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services. Alcoholics Anonymous. (2001). Alcoholics Anonymous: The story of how many thousands of men and women have recovered from alcoholism (4th ed.). New York: Alcoholics Anonymous World Services.
go back to reference Butcher, J. N., Graham, J. R., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Tellegen, Y. S., Dahlstrom, W. G., & Kaemmer, B. (2001). Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2: Manual for administration and scoring (revised ed.). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press. Butcher, J. N., Graham, J. R., Ben-Porath, Y. S., Tellegen, Y. S., Dahlstrom, W. G., & Kaemmer, B. (2001). Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2: Manual for administration and scoring (revised ed.). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
go back to reference Carroll, S. (1993). Spirituality and purpose in life in alcoholism recovery. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 54(3), 297–301.CrossRef Carroll, S. (1993). Spirituality and purpose in life in alcoholism recovery. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 54(3), 297–301.CrossRef
go back to reference Christo, G., & Sutton, S. (1994). Anxiety and self-esteem as a function of abstinence time among recovering addicts attending Narcotics Anonymous. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 198–200.CrossRef Christo, G., & Sutton, S. (1994). Anxiety and self-esteem as a function of abstinence time among recovering addicts attending Narcotics Anonymous. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 33, 198–200.CrossRef
go back to reference Cloud, R. N., Ziegler, C. H., & Blondell, R. D. (2004). What is Alcoholics Anonymous affiliation. Substance Use and Misuse, 39(7), 1117–1136.CrossRef Cloud, R. N., Ziegler, C. H., & Blondell, R. D. (2004). What is Alcoholics Anonymous affiliation. Substance Use and Misuse, 39(7), 1117–1136.CrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, E., Feinn, R., Arias, A., & Kranzler, H. R. (2007). Alcohol treatment utilization: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86, 214–221.CrossRef Cohen, E., Feinn, R., Arias, A., & Kranzler, H. R. (2007). Alcohol treatment utilization: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 86, 214–221.CrossRef
go back to reference Compton, W. M., Thomas, Y. F., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2007). Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV drug abuse and dependence in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(5), 566–576.CrossRef Compton, W. M., Thomas, Y. F., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2007). Prevalence, correlates, disability, and comorbidity of DSM-IV drug abuse and dependence in the United States: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on alcohol and related conditions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(5), 566–576.CrossRef
go back to reference Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 653–665.CrossRef Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Four ways five factors are basic. Personality and Individual Differences, 13, 653–665.CrossRef
go back to reference Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R., & Robert, R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4), 668–678. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.38.4.668.CrossRef Costa, P. T., McCrae, R. R., & Robert, R. (1980). Influence of extraversion and neuroticism on subjective well-being: Happy and unhappy people. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(4), 668–678. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​38.​4.​668.CrossRef
go back to reference DeLucia, C., Bergman, B. G., Formoso, D., & Weinberg, L. B. (2015). Recovery in Narcotics Anonymous from the perspectives of long-term members: A qualitative study. Journal of Groups in Addiction and Recovery, 9(4). doi:10.1080/1556035X.2014.943031. DeLucia, C., Bergman, B. G., Formoso, D., & Weinberg, L. B. (2015). Recovery in Narcotics Anonymous from the perspectives of long-term members: A qualitative study. Journal of Groups in Addiction and Recovery, 9(4). doi:10.​1080/​1556035X.​2014.​943031.
go back to reference Dennis, M. L., Foss, M. A., & Scott, C. K. (2007). An eight-year perspective on the relationship between the duration of abstinence and other aspects of recovery. Evaluation Review, 31(6), 585–612.CrossRef Dennis, M. L., Foss, M. A., & Scott, C. K. (2007). An eight-year perspective on the relationship between the duration of abstinence and other aspects of recovery. Evaluation Review, 31(6), 585–612.CrossRef
go back to reference Emrick, C. D., Tonigan, J. S., Montgomery, H., & Little, L. (1993). Alcoholics Anonymous: What is currently known? In B. S. McCrady & W. R. Miller (Eds.), Research on Alcoholics Anonymous: Opportunities and alternatives (pp. 41–76). Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies. Emrick, C. D., Tonigan, J. S., Montgomery, H., & Little, L. (1993). Alcoholics Anonymous: What is currently known? In B. S. McCrady & W. R. Miller (Eds.), Research on Alcoholics Anonymous: Opportunities and alternatives (pp. 41–76). Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies.
go back to reference Gomes, K., & Hart, K. E. (2009). Adherence to recovery practices prescribed by Alcoholics Anonymous: Benefits to sustained abstinence and subjective quality of life. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 27(2), 223–235. doi:10.1080/07347320902784874.CrossRef Gomes, K., & Hart, K. E. (2009). Adherence to recovery practices prescribed by Alcoholics Anonymous: Benefits to sustained abstinence and subjective quality of life. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 27(2), 223–235. doi:10.​1080/​0734732090278487​4.CrossRef
go back to reference Grant, B. F., & Dawson, D. A. (1997). Age at onset of alcohol use and its association with DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. Journal of Substance Abuse, 9, 103–110. doi:10.1016/S0899-3289(97)90009-2.CrossRef Grant, B. F., & Dawson, D. A. (1997). Age at onset of alcohol use and its association with DSM-IV alcohol abuse and dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey. Journal of Substance Abuse, 9, 103–110. doi:10.​1016/​S0899-3289(97)90009-2.CrossRef
go back to reference Humphreys, K. (2004). Circles of recovery: Self-help organizations for addictions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Humphreys, K. (2004). Circles of recovery: Self-help organizations for addictions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Humphreys, K., Mankowski, E. S., Moos, R. H., & Finney, J. W. (1999). Do enhanced friendship networks and active coping mediate the effect of self-help groups on substance abuse? Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 21(1), 54–60.CrossRef Humphreys, K., Mankowski, E. S., Moos, R. H., & Finney, J. W. (1999). Do enhanced friendship networks and active coping mediate the effect of self-help groups on substance abuse? Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 21(1), 54–60.CrossRef
go back to reference Humphreys, K., & Moos, R. H. (2007). Encouraging posttreatment self-help group involvement to reduce demand for continuing care services: Two-year clinical and utilization outcomes. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 31(1), 64–68. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2006.00273.x.CrossRef Humphreys, K., & Moos, R. H. (2007). Encouraging posttreatment self-help group involvement to reduce demand for continuing care services: Two-year clinical and utilization outcomes. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 31(1), 64–68. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1530-0277.​2006.​00273.​x.CrossRef
go back to reference Humphreys, K., Wing, S., McCarty, D., Chappel, J., Gallant, L., Haberle, B., et al. (2004). Self-help organizations for alcohol and drug problems: Toward evidence-based practice and policy. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 26(3), 151–158. doi:10.1016/S0740-5472(03)00212-5.CrossRef Humphreys, K., Wing, S., McCarty, D., Chappel, J., Gallant, L., Haberle, B., et al. (2004). Self-help organizations for alcohol and drug problems: Toward evidence-based practice and policy. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 26(3), 151–158. doi:10.​1016/​S0740-5472(03)00212-5.CrossRef
go back to reference John, O., Donahue, E. M., & Kentle, R. L. (1991). The big five inventory-versions 4a and 54. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Personality and Social Research. John, O., Donahue, E. M., & Kentle, R. L. (1991). The big five inventory-versions 4a and 54. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley, Institute of Personality and Social Research.
go back to reference Kelly, J. F., Stout, R. L., Magill, M., Tonigan, J. S., & Pagano, M. E. (2010). Mechanisms of behavior change in alcoholics anonymous: Does Alcoholics Anonymous lead to better alcohol use outcomes by reducing depression symptoms? Addiction, 105(4), 626–636. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02820.x.CrossRef Kelly, J. F., Stout, R. L., Magill, M., Tonigan, J. S., & Pagano, M. E. (2010). Mechanisms of behavior change in alcoholics anonymous: Does Alcoholics Anonymous lead to better alcohol use outcomes by reducing depression symptoms? Addiction, 105(4), 626–636. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1360-0443.​2009.​02820.​x.CrossRef
go back to reference Krentzman, A. R. (2013). Review of the application of positive psychology to substance use, addiction, and recovery research. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27(1), 151–165. doi:10.1037/a0029897.CrossRef Krentzman, A. R. (2013). Review of the application of positive psychology to substance use, addiction, and recovery research. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27(1), 151–165. doi:10.​1037/​a0029897.CrossRef
go back to reference Laudet, A. B. (2011). The case for considering quality of life in addiction research and clinical practice. Addiction Science and Clinical Practice, 6(1), 44–55. Laudet, A. B. (2011). The case for considering quality of life in addiction research and clinical practice. Addiction Science and Clinical Practice, 6(1), 44–55.
go back to reference Lemke, S., & Moos, R. H. (2003b). Treatment and outcomes of older patients with alcohol use disorders in community residential programs. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 64(2), 219–226.CrossRef Lemke, S., & Moos, R. H. (2003b). Treatment and outcomes of older patients with alcohol use disorders in community residential programs. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 64(2), 219–226.CrossRef
go back to reference Montgomery, H. A., Miller, W. R., & Tonigan, J. S. (1995). Does Alcoholics Anonymous involvement predict treatment outcome. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 12(4), 241–246.CrossRef Montgomery, H. A., Miller, W. R., & Tonigan, J. S. (1995). Does Alcoholics Anonymous involvement predict treatment outcome. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 12(4), 241–246.CrossRef
go back to reference Narcotics Anonymous World Services. (2008). Basic text (6th ed.). Chatsworth, CA: Author. Narcotics Anonymous World Services. (2008). Basic text (6th ed.). Chatsworth, CA: Author.
go back to reference Oakes, K. E., Allen, J. P., & Ciarrocchi, J. W. (2000). Spirituality, religious problem-solving, and sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 18(2), 37–50. doi:10.1300/J020v18n02_03.CrossRef Oakes, K. E., Allen, J. P., & Ciarrocchi, J. W. (2000). Spirituality, religious problem-solving, and sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 18(2), 37–50. doi:10.​1300/​J020v18n02_​03.CrossRef
go back to reference Srivastava, S., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2003). Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(5), 1041–1053. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.84.5.1041.CrossRef Srivastava, S., John, O. P., Gosling, S. D., & Potter, J. (2003). Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: Set like plaster or persistent change? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(5), 1041–1053. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​84.​5.​1041.CrossRef
go back to reference Subbaraman, M. S., & Kaskutas, L. A. (2012). Social support and comfort in AA as mediators of “Making AA easier” (MAAEZ), a 12-step facilitation intervention. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 26(4), 759–765. doi:10.1037/a0028544.CrossRef Subbaraman, M. S., & Kaskutas, L. A. (2012). Social support and comfort in AA as mediators of “Making AA easier” (MAAEZ), a 12-step facilitation intervention. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 26(4), 759–765. doi:10.​1037/​a0028544.CrossRef
go back to reference Tonigan, J. S. (2001). Benefits of Alcoholics Anonymous attendance: Replication of findings between clinical research sites in Project MATCH. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 19(1), 67–77.CrossRef Tonigan, J. S. (2001). Benefits of Alcoholics Anonymous attendance: Replication of findings between clinical research sites in Project MATCH. Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly, 19(1), 67–77.CrossRef
go back to reference Tonigan, J. S. (2008). Effectiveness and outcome research. In M. Galanter & L. A. Kaskutas (Eds.), Recent developments in alcoholism: Research on Alcoholics Anonymous and spirituality in addiction recovery (1st ed., Vol. 18, pp. 347–369). Totowa, NJ: Springer. Tonigan, J. S. (2008). Effectiveness and outcome research. In M. Galanter & L. A. Kaskutas (Eds.), Recent developments in alcoholism: Research on Alcoholics Anonymous and spirituality in addiction recovery (1st ed., Vol. 18, pp. 347–369). Totowa, NJ: Springer.
go back to reference Toumbourou, J. W., Hamilton, M., U’Ren, A., Stevens-Jones, P., & Storey, G. (2002). Narcotics Anonymous participation and changes in substance use and social support. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 23, 61–66.CrossRef Toumbourou, J. W., Hamilton, M., U’Ren, A., Stevens-Jones, P., & Storey, G. (2002). Narcotics Anonymous participation and changes in substance use and social support. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 23, 61–66.CrossRef
go back to reference Weisner, C., Greenfield, T., & Room, R. (1995). Trends in the treatment of alcohol problems in the US general population, 1979 through 1990. American Journal of Public Health, 85(1), 55–60.CrossRef Weisner, C., Greenfield, T., & Room, R. (1995). Trends in the treatment of alcohol problems in the US general population, 1979 through 1990. American Journal of Public Health, 85(1), 55–60.CrossRef
go back to reference Weiss, R. D., Griffin, M. L., Gallop, R. J., Najavits, L. M., Frank, A., Crits-Christoph, P., et al. (2005). The effect of 12-step self-help group attendance and participation on drug use outcomes among cocaine-dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 77, 177–184.CrossRef Weiss, R. D., Griffin, M. L., Gallop, R. J., Najavits, L. M., Frank, A., Crits-Christoph, P., et al. (2005). The effect of 12-step self-help group attendance and participation on drug use outcomes among cocaine-dependent patients. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 77, 177–184.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Beyond Abstinence: An Examination of Psychological Well-Being in Members of Narcotics Anonymous
Authors
Christian DeLucia
Brandon G. Bergman
Danette Beitra
Hillary L. Howrey
Stephanie Seibert
Amy E. Ellis
Jessica Mizrachi
Publication date
08-01-2015
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Happiness Studies / Issue 2/2016
Print ISSN: 1389-4978
Electronic ISSN: 1573-7780
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-014-9609-1

Other articles of this Issue 2/2016

Journal of Happiness Studies 2/2016 Go to the issue