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Experimental Investigations on Heat Sink Circular Pin Fins and Conical Spines Subjected to Natural Convection Read chapter Read first chapter

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

58. Biodiesel Production Using Second-Generation Feedstocks: A Review

Authors : Bikkavolu Jogarao, A. Swarna Kumari

Published in: Recent Advances in Material Sciences

Publisher: Springer Singapore

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Abstract

Continuous use of petroleum intensifies air pollution, which increases global warming. As per environmental stringency, crude oil prices, and depletion of fossil fuels (like petroleum, coal, and natural gas), many researchers are looking forward to find an alternative source of renewable energy. Biodiesel is a promising renewable source from the feedstocks like vegetable oils, animal fats, and fried cooking oil, prepared by a common and most satisfactory way for producing maximum yield at low cost through the transesterification process. In general, vegetable oils are of two types. They are edible and non-edible oils. Out of all varieties of oils, waste cooking oil and non-edible oils (second-generation feedstocks) are more preferably considered for the biodiesel production without diminishing useful resource for mankind and to minimize fuel cost. The major parameters for producing the biodiesel using the transesterification process depend on free fatty acids (FFAs) content, molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time, and moisture content. Biodiesel is derived from mono-alkyl esters of free fatty acids produced from animal fats or vegetable oils with small chain alcohols in the presence of catalyst. This review concerns about the factors affecting the biodiesel production and various methods of its production using second-generation feedstocks.

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Metadata
Title
Biodiesel Production Using Second-Generation Feedstocks: A Review
Authors
Bikkavolu Jogarao
A. Swarna Kumari
Copyright Year
2019
Publisher
Springer Singapore
Book
Recent Advances in Material Sciences

Print ISBN: 978-981-13-7642-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-981-13-7643-6

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-7643-6_57

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