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Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology

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01-12-2009 | Original Paper

Characterization of TiO₂ powders and thin films prepared by non-aqueous sol–gel techniques

Authors: Nursen Avci, Philippe F. Smet, Hilde Poelman, Nigel Van de Velde, Klaartje De Buysser, Isabel Van Driessche, Dirk Poelman

Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology | Issue 3/2009

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Abstract

Stable TiO₂ sols were prepared using two non-aqueous sol–gel processes with titanium n-butoxide and titanium isopropoxide, respectively. Crystallization and phase transitions of powders and thin films were studied by ex situ and in situ X-ray diffraction. For both methods, TiO₂ began to crystallize around 320 °C in air. Using helium instead of air during heat treatment slowed down the crystallization and substoichiometric powders were formed. TiO₂ thin films were obtained by spin coating. The morphology of the films was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The films were homogeneous and transparent in the visible range. The effect of the heating atmosphere and the type of substrate was investigated.

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Title: Characterization of TiO2 powders and thin films prepared by non-aqueous sol–gel techniques
Authors: Nursen Avci
Philippe F. Smet
Hilde Poelman
Nigel Van de Velde
Klaartje De Buysser
Isabel Van Driessche
Dirk Poelman
Publication date: 01-12-2009
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology / Issue 3/2009
Print ISSN: 0928-0707
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4846
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-009-2028-9

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