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Toward Sensing, Communications and Control Architectures for Frequency Regulation in Systems with Highly Variable Resources Read chapter Read first chapter

2012 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Coherent Swing Instability of Interconnected Power Grids and a Mechanism of Cascading Failure

Authors : Yoshihiko Susuki, Igor Mezić, Takashi Hikihara

Published in: Control and Optimization Methods for Electric Smart Grids

Publisher: Springer New York

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Abstract

We describe a dynamical mechanism of cascading failure in a system of interconnected power grids. This mechanism is based on the discovery of (SusukiY et al. (2011) J Nonlinear Sci 21(3):403–439), an emergent and undesirable phenomenon of synchronous machines in a power grid, termed the Coherent Swing Instability (CSI). In this phenomenon, most of the machines in a sub-grid coherently lose synchronism with the rest of the grid after being subjected to a local and finite disturbance. By numerical analysis of a system of weakly interconnected power grids, we present a phenomenon of coupled swing dynamics in which the CSI happens for all of the power grids in a successive manner. We suggest that a small disturbance in one grid can grow, spill to the other grids, and cause the whole system to fail. This mechanism enables the development of dynamically relevant tools for monitoring and control of wide-area disturbances, which become feasible when the physical power network is overlaid with an information network, like the smart grid.

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previous chapter Multi-Dimensional Modal Analysis in Large Power Systems from Ambient Data Based on Frequency-Domain Optimization
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Footnotes
1
Zero- to ten-seconds [16].
 
2
The phenomenon we study here does not happen upon an infinitesimally small perturbation around an equilibrium of the dynamical system. However, it encompasses the situation when the system escapes a predefined set around the equilibrium. In this way, the notion of instability that we address here is nonlocal.
 
3
A voltage source of constant voltage and constant frequency.
 
4
In the case that the relative rotor speed ω i is in per unit system with base quantity 2πf b , the damping coefficient D i  = 0. 005s is equal to 1. 88 in per unit system with its base quantity 1 ∕ (2πf b ).
 
5
Phasor Measurement Units.
 
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Metadata
Title
Coherent Swing Instability of Interconnected Power Grids and a Mechanism of Cascading Failure
Authors
Yoshihiko Susuki
Igor Mezić
Takashi Hikihara
Copyright Year
2012
Publisher
Springer New York
Book
Control and Optimization Methods for Electric Smart Grids

Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1604-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4614-1605-0

Copyright Year: 2012

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1605-0_9