Top

Polymer Bulletin

Published in:

20-12-2019 | Original Paper

Conducting biopolymer electrolyte based on pectin with magnesium chloride salt for magnesium battery application

Authors: S. Kiruthika, M. Malathi, S. Selvasekarapandian, K. Tamilarasan, T. Maheshwari

Published in: Polymer Bulletin | Issue 12/2020

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Currently, biopolymer electrolytes are attracting a great deal of interest as substitute for synthetic polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices, as they are carbon neutral, sustainable, reduce dependency on non-renewable fossil fuels and easily biodegradable. Some of the biopolymers under research are chitosan, pectin, agar–agar, cellulose acetate and carrageenan. The current work deals with the study of ion conducting polymer electrolyte, pectin with magnesium chloride salt for magnesium battery application. Biopolymer electrolytes of different compositions of pectin with different concentrations of magnesium chloride salt are prepared by solution casting technique and subjected to various studies like by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), AC impedance spectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). XRD analysis has been used to identify the amorphous/crystalline nature of the sample. The complex formation between the polymer pectin and the magnesium chloride salt has been analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. DSC analysis is a thermo-analytical technique which is used to observe the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the samples. AC impedance technique has been used to find the ionic conductivities of the sample. The electrochemical stability of the polymer electrolyte has been analyzed by linear sweep voltammetry. Among the prepared polymer electrolytes, 30 M wt% pectin: 70 M wt% MgCl₂ offers the highest ionic conductivity of 1.14 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹. The electrochemical stability of the highest conducting sample is 2.05 V. The primary magnesium battery has been constructed using the highest conducting sample, 30 M wt% pectin: 70 M wt% MgCl₂, and the battery performance has been studied.

previous article Chondroitin sulfate-based smart hydrogels for targeted delivery of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer: preparation, characterization and toxicity evaluation

next article Modifications induced in natural rubber due to vinylacetate versatic ester copolymer blend concentration and gamma radiation

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Malathi M, Tamilarasan K, Ganesan V (2014) Role of ceramic reinforcement in composite polymer electrolyte. Polym Compos 36(1):42–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.22910CrossRef

Wang SH, Kuo PL, Hsieh CT, Teng H (2014) Design of poly(acrylonitrile)-based gel electrolytes for high-performance lithium ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 6(21):19360–19370. https://doi.org/10.1021/am505448aCrossRefPubMed

Wang J, Song S, Muchakayala R, Hu X, Liu R (2017) Structural, electrical, and electrochemical properties of PVA-based biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte membranes for Mg-ion battery applications. Ionics 23(7):1759–1769. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-1988-yCrossRef

Basha SKS, Sundari GS, Kumar KV, Rao MC (2017) Preparation and dielectric properties of PVP-based polymer electrolyte films for solid-state battery application. Polym Bull 75(3):925–945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-017-2072-5CrossRef

Wang F, Li L, Yang X, You J, Xu Y, Wang H, Ma Y, Gao G (2018) Influence of additives in a PVDF-based solid polymer electrolyte on conductivity and Li-ion battery performance. Sustain Energy Fuels 2(2):492–498. https://doi.org/10.1039/c7se00441aCrossRef

Yulianti E, Karo AK, Susita L, Sudaryanto (2012) Synthesis of electrolyte polymer based on natural polymer chitosan by ion implantation technique. Proc Chem 4:202–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2012.06.028CrossRef

Zulkefli FN, Navaratnam S, Ahmad AH (2015) Proton conducting biopolymer electrolytes based on starch incorporated with ammonium thiocyanate. Adv Mater Res 1112:275–278. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1112.275CrossRef

Khiar ASA, Arof AK (2009) Conductivity studies of starch-based polymer electrolytes. Ionics 16(2):123–129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-009-0356-yCrossRef

Moniha V, Alagar M, Selvasekarapandian S, Sundaresan B, Hemalatha R, Boopathi G (2018) Synthesis and characterization of bio-polymer electrolyte based on iota-carrageenan with ammonium thiocyanate and its applications. J Solid State Electrochem. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4028-6CrossRef

10.

Moniha V, Alagar M, Selvasekarapandian S, Sundaresan B, Boopathi G (2018) Conductive bio-polymer electrolyte iota-carrageenan with ammonium nitrate for application in electrochemical devices. J Non-Cryst Solids 481:424–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.11.027CrossRef

11.

Chitra R, Sathya P, Selvasekarapandian S, Monisha S, Moniha V, Meyvel S (2018) Synthesis and characterization of iota-carrageenan solid biopolymer electrolytes for electrochemical applications. Ionics 25(5):2147–2157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2687-zCrossRef

12.

Christopher Selvin P, Perumal P, Selvasekarapandian S, Monisha S, Boopathi G, Leena Chandra MV (2018) Study of proton-conducting polymer electrolyte based on K-carrageenan and NH₄SCN for electrochemical devices. Ionics 24:3535–3542. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2521-7CrossRef

13.

Isa MIN, Samsudin AS (2016) Potential study of biopolymer-based carboxymethylcellulose electrolytes system for solid-state battery application. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater 65(11):561–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2016.1149844CrossRef

14.

Rani M, Rudhziah S, Ahmad A, Mohamed N (2014) Biopolymer electrolyte based on derivatives of cellulose from kenaf bast fiber. Polymers 6(9):2371–2385. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym6092371CrossRef

15.

Raphael E, Avellaneda CO, Manzolli B, Pawlicka A (2010) Agar-based films for application as polymer electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 55(4):1455–1459. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.06.010CrossRef

16.

Kumar LS, Selvin PC, Selvasekarapandian S, Manjuladevi R, Monisha S, Perumal P (2018) Tamarind seed polysaccharide biopolymer membrane for lithium-ion conducting battery. Ionics 24(12):3793–3803. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2541-3CrossRef

17.

Thakur BR, Singh RK, Handa AK, Rao MA (1997) Chemistry and uses of pectin—a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 37(1):47–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408399709527767CrossRefPubMed

18.

Perumal P, Selvasekarapandian S, Abhilash KP, Sivaraj P, Hemalatha R, Selvin PC (2019) Impact of lithium chlorate salts on structural and electrical properties of natural polymer electrolytes for all solid state lithium polymer batteries. Vacuum 159:277–281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.10.043CrossRef

19.

Muthukrishnan M, Shanthi C, Selvasekarapandian S, Manjuladevi R, Perumal P, Christopher Selvin P (2019) Synthesis and characterization of pectin-based biopolymer electrolyte for electrochemical applications. Ionics 25(1):203–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2568-5CrossRef

20.

Vijaya N, Selvasekarapandian S, Somalatha M, Sujithra KS, Monisha S (2016) Proton-conducting biopolymet electrolytes based on pectin doped with NH₄X (X = Cl, Br). Ionics 23(10):2799–2808. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1852-5CrossRef

21.

Kavitha S, Vijaya N, Pandeeswari R, Premalatha M (2016) Vibrational, electrical and optical studies on pectin-based polymer electrolyte. Int Res J Eng Technol 3(7):1385–1390

22.

Mendes JP, Esperança JMSS, Medeiros MJ, Pawlicka A, Silva MM (2017) Structural, morphological, ionic conductivity, and thermal properties of pectin-based polymer electrolytes. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 643(1):266–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2016.1263111CrossRef

23.

Mahalakshmi M, Selvanayagam S, Selvasekarapandian S, Moniha V, Manjuladevi R, Sangeetha P (2019) Characterization of biopolymer electrolytes based on cellulose acetates with magnesium perchlorate (Mg(ClO₄)₂) for energy storage devices. J Sci Adv Mater Devices 4(2):276–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2019.04.006CrossRef

24.

Perumal P, Abhilash KP, Sivaraj P, Selvin PC (2019) Study on Mg-ion conducting solid biopolymer electrolytes based on tamarind seed polysaccharide for magnesium ion batteries. Mater Res Bull. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.05.015CrossRef

25.

Priya SS, Karthika M, Selvasekarapandian S, Manjuladevi R, Monisha S (2018) Study of biopolymer I-carrageenan with magnesium perchlorate. Ionics 24(12):3861–3875. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2535-1CrossRef

26.

Priya SS, Karthika M, Selvasekarapandian S, Manjuladevi R (2018) Preparation and characterization of polymer electrolyte based on biopolymer I-carrageenan with magnesium nitrate. Solid State Ion 327(1):136–149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2018.10.031CrossRef

27.

Manjuladevi R, Selvasekarapandian S, Thamilselvan M, Mangalam R, Monisha S, Selvin PC (2018) A study on blend polymer electrolyte based on poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(acrylonitrile) with magnesium nitrate for magnesium battery. Ionics 24(11):3493–3506. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2500-zCrossRef

28.

Manjuladevi R, Thamilselvan M, Selvasekarapandian S, Christopher Selvin P, Mangalam R, Monisha S (2017) Preparation and characterization of blend polymer electrolyte film based on poly(vinyl alcohol)-poly(acrylonitrile)/MgCl₂ for energy storage devices. Ionics 24(4):1083–1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2273-9CrossRef

29.

Leones R, Botelho MBS, Sentanin F, Cesarino I, Pawlicka A, Camargo ASS, Silva MM (2014) Pectin-based polymer electrolytes with Ir(III) complexes. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 604(1):117–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2014.968049CrossRef

30.

Andrade JR, Raphael E, Pawlicka A (2009) Plasticized pectin based gel electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 54(26):6479–6483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.05.098CrossRef

31.

Kiruthika S, Malathi M, Selvasekarapandian S, Tamilarasan K, Moniha V, Manjuladevi R (2019) Eco-friendly biopolymer electrolyte, pectin with magnesium nitrate salt, for application in electrochemical devices. J Solid State Electrochem 23(7):2181–2193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-019-04313-6CrossRef

32.

Hodge RM, Edward GH, Simon GP (1996) Water absorption and states of water in semicrystalline poly(vinyl alcohol) films. Polymer 37(8):1371–1376. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(96)81134-7CrossRef

33.

Maciel VBV, Yoshida CMP, Franco TT (2015) Chitosan/pectin polyelectrolyte complex as a pH indicator. Carbohydr Polym 132(5):537–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.06.047CrossRefPubMed

34.

Perumal P, Christopher Selvin P, Selvasekarapandian S (2018) Characterization of biopolymer pectin with lithium chloride and its applications to electrochemical devices. Ionics 24(10):3259–3270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-018-2507-5CrossRef

35.

Nirmala Devi G, Chitra S, Selvasekarapandian S, Premalatha M, Monisha S, Saranya J (2017) Synthesis and characterization of dextrin-based polymer electrolytes for potential applications in energy storage devices. Ionics 23(12):3377–3388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2135-5CrossRef

36.

Premalatha M, Vijaya N, Selvasekarapandian S, Selvalakshmi S (2016) Characterization of blend polymer PVA–PVP complexed with ammonium thiocyanate. Ionics 22(8):1299–1310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1672-7CrossRef

37.

Boukamp BA (1986) A non-linear lease square fit procedure for analysis of immittance data of electrochemical systems. Solid State Ion 20(1):31–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738%2886%2990031-7CrossRef

38.

Ravi M, Song S, Wang J, Wang T, Nadimicherla R (2016) Ionic liquid incorporated biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 27(2):1370–1377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3899-xCrossRef

39.

Wagner JB, Wagner C (1957) Electrical conductivity measurements on cuprous halides. J Chem Phys 26(6):1597–1601. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1743590CrossRef

40.

Evans J, Vincent CA, Bruce PG (1987) Electrochemical measurement of transference numbers in polymer electrolytes. Polymer 28(13):2324–2328. https://doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(87)90394-6CrossRef

41.

Kumar GG, Munichandraiah N (2002) Poly (methylmethacrylate)—magnesium triflate gel polymer electrolyte for solid state magnesium battery application. Electrochim Acta 47(7):1013–1022. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(01)00832-5CrossRef

Title: Conducting biopolymer electrolyte based on pectin with magnesium chloride salt for magnesium battery application
Authors: S. Kiruthika
M. Malathi
S. Selvasekarapandian
K. Tamilarasan
T. Maheshwari
Publication date: 20-12-2019
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Polymer Bulletin / Issue 12/2020
Print ISSN: 0170-0839
Electronic ISSN: 1436-2449
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-019-03071-9

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 12/2020

The impact of MWCNT modification on the structural performance of polymeric composite profiles

Recent advances in the applications of substituted polyanilines and their blends and composites

Density functional theory calculations on the grafting copolymerization of 2-substituted aniline onto chitosan

Synthesis and characterization of biocompatible hydrogel based on hydroxyethyl cellulose-g-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)

Chemical modification of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with dicarboxylic acids to mediate the UV degradation in polyethylene films

Enhancement of adsorption of Congo red dye onto novel antimicrobial trimellitic anhydride isothiocyanate-cross-linked chitosan hydrogels

Premium Partners