Top

Biodiversity and Conservation

Published in:

17-01-2021 | Original Paper

Conservation planning of the genus Rhododendron in Northeast China based on current and future suitable habitat distributions

Authors: Yupeng Lu, Huanchu Liu, Wei Chen, Jing Yao, Yanqing Huang, Yue Zhang, Xingyuan He

Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation | Issue 3/2021

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

Protected areas and ecotourism are both conservation measures for plant resources, but for one specific plant species, the priority of them needs a reasonable planning. The suitable habitat distribution of species is the basis for planning, and the impact of climate change on habitat distribution should also be considered. Based on maximum entropy model (MaxEnt), we assessed the current and future suitable habitat distributions of seven species of genus Rhododendron in Northeast China. Combined with the distributions of existing protected areas and tourist attractions, the conservation planning is recommended. Our results showed that: (1) the suitable habitat areas of R. redowskianum and R. aureum were mainly distributed in the Changbai Mountains covering only 2.05% and 3.84% of the total area of Northeast China, and showed decreasing trends in the future. (2) The suitable habitat areas for R. schlippenbachii were mainly distributed in the southeast and southwest of Liaoning Province, with a cover of 4.29% in Northeast China. For R. mucronulatum and R. micranthum, suitable habitat areas were mainly distributed in the east and west of Liaoning Province, covering 14.27% and 7.95% respectively. For R. dauricum and R. lapponicum, suitable habitat areas were mainly distributed in the Greater Khingan Range, Lesser Khingan Range, and Changbai Mountains, covering 43.76% and 22.24% respectively. Moreover, they all showed increasing trends in the future. (3) Therefore, protected area was recommended for R. redowskianum and R. aureum, while ecotourism or both protected area and ecotourism was recommended for R. schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum, R. micranthum, R. dauricum, and R. lapponicum. This study provides planning suggestions for the conservation of Rhododendron and is a reference for the conservation of other plant species.

previous article Latitude, paleo-history and forest size matter for Afromontane canopy beetle diversity in a world context

next article The successive trend of vegetation confirms the removal of non-indigenous woody species as an insufficient restoration action

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Anadon JD, Sala OE, Maestre FT (2014) Climate change will increase savannas at the expense of forests and treeless vegetation in tropical and subtropical Americas. J Ecol 102:1363–1373. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12325CrossRef

Bellard C, Bertelsmeier C, Leadley P, Thuiller W, Courchamp F (2012) Impacts of climate change on the future of biodiversity. Ecol Lett 15:365–377. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01736.xCrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Bhattacharyya D (2011) Rhododendron species and their uses with special reference to himalayas–a review. Assam Univ J Sci Technol 7:161–167

Bhattacharyya D, Sanjappa M (2008) Rhododendron habitats in India. J Am Rhodo Soc 62:14–18

Broennimann O, Thuiller W, Hughes G, Midgley GF, Alkemade JR, Guisan A (2006) Do geographic distribution, niche property and life form explain plants’ vulnerability to global change? Glob Change Biol 12:1079–1093. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01157.xCrossRef

Bunruamkaew K, Murayam Y (2011) Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS and AHP: a case study of Surat Thani province, Thailand. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 21:269–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.07.024CrossRef

Bunruamkaew K, Murayama Y (2012) Land use and natural resources planning for sustainable ecotourism using GIS in Surat Thani, Thailand. Sustainability 4:412–429. https://doi.org/10.3390/su4030412CrossRef

Das M, Chatterjee B (2015) Ecotourism: a panacea or a predicament? Tour Manag Perspect 14:3–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2015.01.002CrossRef

Donohue K (2003) Setting the stage: phenotypic plasticity as habitat selection. Int J Plant Sci 164:S79–S92. https://doi.org/10.1086/368397CrossRef

Duque-Lazo J, Van Gils H, Groen T, Navarro-Cerrillo R (2016) Transferability of species distribution models: the case of phytophthora cinnamomi in Southwest Spain and Southwest Australia. Ecol Model 320:62–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.019CrossRef

Elith J, Phillips SJ, Hastie T, Dudík M, Chee YE, Yates CJ (2011) A statistical explanation of MaxEnt for ecologists. Divers Distrib 17:43–57. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00725.xCrossRef

Essl F, Staudinger M, Stöhr O, Schratt-Ehrendorfer L, Rabitsch W, Niklfeld H (2009) Distribution patterns, range size and niche breadth of Austrian endemic plants. Biol Conserv 142:2547–2558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.027CrossRef

Fischer J, Lindenmayer DB (2007) Landscape modification and habitat fragmentation: a synthesis. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 16:265–280. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2007.00287.xCrossRef

Grimm NB, Faeth SH, Golubiewski NE, Redman CL, Wu J, Bai X, Briggs JM (2008) Global change and the ecology of cities. Science 319:756–760. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1150195CrossRefPubMed

Guo Y, Li X, Zhao Z, Nawaz Z (2019) Predicting the impacts of climate change, soils and vegetation types on the geographic distribution of polyporus umbellatus in China. Sci Total Environ 648:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.465CrossRefPubMed

Guo Y, Wei H, Lu C, Gao B, Gu W (2016) Predictions of potential geographical distribution and quality of schisandra sphenanthera under climate change. Peer J 4:e2554. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2554CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hipwell WT (2007) Taiwan aboriginal ecotourism: tanayiku natural ecology park. Annal Tour Res 34:876–897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2007.04.002CrossRef

Hirst MJ, Griffin PC, Sexton JP, Hoffmann AA (2017) Testing the niche-breadth–range-size hypothesis: habitat specialization vs performance in Australian alpine daisies. Ecology 98:2708–2724. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.1964CrossRefPubMed

IPCC (2013) Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, New York

Jeong JS, García-Moruno L, Hernández-Blanco J, Jaraíz-Cabanillas FJ (2014) An operational method to supporting siting decisions for sustainable rural second home planning in ecotourism sites. Land Use Policy 41:550–560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.04.012CrossRef

Jiang H, Liu T, Li L, Zhao Y, Pei L, Zhao J (2016) Predicting the potential distribution of Polygalatenuifolia Willd under climate change in China. PLoS ONE 11:0163718. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163718CrossRef

Jiang N et al (2016) Chloroplast view of the population genetics and phylogeography of a widely distributed shrub species, rhododendron dauricum (Ericaceae). Syst Bot 41:626–633. https://doi.org/10.1600/036364416X692343CrossRef

Joppa LN, Pfaff A (2009) High and far: biases in the location of protected areas. PLoS ONE 4:e8273. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008273CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kiper T (2013) Role of ecotourism in sustainable development. Advances in landscape architecture. InTech, London, UK. https://doi.org/10.5772/55749CrossRef

Kiss A (2004) Is community-based ecotourism a good use of biodiversity conservation funds? Trends Ecol Evol 19:232–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2004.03.010CrossRefPubMed

Komac B, Esteban P, Trapero L, Caritg R (2016) Modelization of the current and future habitat suitability of rhododendron ferrugineum using potential snow accumulation. PLoS ONE 11:e0147324. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0147324CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kumar P (2012) Assessment of impact of climate change on rhododendrons in sikkim himalayas using maxent modelling: limitations and challenges. Biodivers Conserv 21:1251–1266. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-012-0279-1CrossRef

Lambers JHR (2015) Extinction risks from climate change. Science 348:501–502. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab2057CrossRefPubMed

Lawesson JE, Oksanen J (2002) Niche characteristics of danish woody species as derived from coenoclines. J Veg Sci 13:279–290. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2002.tb02048.xCrossRef

Lenoir J, Gégout JC, Marquet P, De Ruffray P, Brisse H (2008) A significant upward shift in plant species optimum elevation during the 20th century. Science 320:1768–1771. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1156831CrossRefPubMed

Liu C, Li J, Pechacek P (2013a) Current trends of ecotourism in China’s nature reserves: a review of the Chinese literature. Tour Manag Perspect 7:16–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2013.03.001CrossRef

Liu C, White M, Newell G (2013b) Selecting thresholds for the prediction of species occurrence with presence-only data. J Biogeogr 40:778–789. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.12058CrossRef

Lopoukhine N, Crawhall N, Dudley N, Figgis P, Karibuhoye C, Laffoley D, Miranda Londoño J, MacKinnon K, Sandwith T. Protected areas: providing natural solutions to 21st Century challenges. S.A.P.I.EN.S [Online], 5.2 | 2012. http://journals.openedition.org/sapiens/1254

Ma Y, Nielsen J, Chamberlain DF, Li X, Sun W (2014) The conservation of rhododendrons is of greater urgency than has been previously acknowledged in China. Biodivers Conserv 23:3149–3154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0764-9CrossRef

Machar I, Vozenilek V, Simon J, Pechanec V, Brus J, Fulnecek P, Vitek TJNC (2017) Joining of the historical research and future prediction as a support tool for the assessment of management strategy for European beech-dominated forests in protected areas. Nat Conserv 22:51. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.22.12902CrossRef

Miller-Rushing AJ, Inouye DW, Primack RB (2008) How well do first flowering dates measure plant responses to climate change? The effects of population size and sampling frequency. J Ecol 96:1289–1296. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01436.xCrossRef

Mittal AK, Kaler A, Banerjee UC (2012) Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized from flower extract of rhododendron dauricum. Nano Biomed Eng. https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v4i3.p118-124CrossRef

Moore TE, Bagchi R, Aiello-Lammens ME, Schlichting CD (2018) Spatial autocorrelation inflates niche breadth–range size relationships. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 27:1426–1436. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12818CrossRef

Navarro-Cerrillo RM, Hernández-Bermejo JE, Hernández-Clemente R (2011) Evaluating models to assess the distribution of buxus balearica in southern Spain. Appl Veg Sci 14:256–267. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-109X.2010.01112.xCrossRef

Panda RM, Behera MD, Roy PS (2018) Assessing distributions of two invasive species of contrasting habits in future climate. J Environ Manag 213:478–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.053CrossRef

Pechanec V et al (2018) Effectiveness of natura 2000 system for habitat types protection: a case study from the Czech Republic. Nat Conserv 24:21. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.24.21608CrossRef

Phillips SJ, Anderson RP, Schapire RE (2006) Maximum entropy modeling of species geographic distributions. Ecol Model 190:231–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.03.026CrossRef

Popescu R, Kopp B (2013) The genus rhododendron: an ethnopharmacological and toxicological review. J Ethnopharmacol 147:42–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.022CrossRefPubMed

Qin A et al (2017) Maxent modeling for predicting impacts of climate change on the potential distribution of Thuja sutchuenensis Franch, an extremely endangered conifer from southwestern China. Glob Ecol Conserv 10:139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2017.02.004CrossRef

Rana SK, Rana HK, Ghimire SK, Shrestha KK, Ranjitkar S (2017) Predicting the impact of climate change on the distribution of two threatened himalayan medicinal plants of Liliaceae in Nepal. J Mt Sci 14:558–570. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11629-015-3822-1CrossRef

Ranjitkar S et al (2014) Separation of the bioclimatic spaces of himalayan tree rhododendron species predicted by ensemble suitability models. Glob Ecol Conserv 1:2–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2014.07.001CrossRef

Root TL, Price JT, Hall KR, Schneider SH, Rosenzweig C, Pounds JA (2003) Fingerprints of global warming on wild animals and plants. Nature 421:57–60. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01333CrossRefPubMed

Sahragard HP, Chahouki MZ (2015) An evaluation of predictive habitat models performance of plant species in Hoze soltan rangelands of Qom province. Ecol Model 309:64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.04.005CrossRef

Shrestha N et al (2018a) Global patterns of rhododendron diversity: the role of evolutionary time and diversification rates. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 27:913–924. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12750CrossRef

Shrestha UB, Sharma KP, Devkota A, Siwakoti M, Shrestha BB (2018b) Potential impact of climate change on the distribution of six invasive alien plants in Nepal. Ecol Ind 95:99–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.07.009CrossRef

Silvertown J, Dodd M, Gowing D (2001) Phylogeny and the niche structure of meadow plant communities. J Ecol 89:428–435. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2001.00553.xCrossRef

Slatyer RA, Hirst M, Sexton JP (2013) Niche breadth predicts geographical range size: a general ecological pattern. Ecol Lett 16:1104–1114. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12140CrossRefPubMed

Swets JA (1988) Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems. Science 240:1285–1293. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.3287615CrossRefPubMed

Tan J, Zhang P, Lo K, Li J, Liu S (2016) The urban transition performance of resource-based cities in Northeast China. Sustainability 8:1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8101022CrossRef

Thuiller W, Lavorel S, Araújo MB (2005) Niche properties and geographical extent as predictors of species sensitivity to climate change. Glob Ecol Biogeogr 14:347–357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-822X.2005.00162.xCrossRef

Tilman D et al (2001) Forecasting agriculturally driven global environmental change. Science 292:281–284. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1057544CrossRefPubMed

Wan J, Wang C, Han S, Yu J (2014) Planning the priority protected areas of endangered orchid species in northeastern China. Biodivers Conserv 23:1395–1409. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-014-0671-0CrossRef

Wang C-J, Wan J-Z, Mu X-Y, Zhang Z-X (2015) Management planning for endangered plant species in priority protected areas. Biodivers Conserv 24:2383–2397. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-015-0928-2CrossRef

Wang LE, Zhong L, Zhang Y, Zhou B (2014) Ecotourism environmental protection measures and their effects on protected areas in China. Sustainability 6:6781–6798. https://doi.org/10.3390/su6106781CrossRef

Wei B, Wang R, Hou K, Wang X, Wu W (2018) Predicting the current and future cultivation regions of Carthamus tinctorius L. using MaxEnt model under climate change in China. Glob Ecol Conserv 16:e00477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00477CrossRef

Wintle BA et al (2019) Global synthesis of conservation studies reveals the importance of small habitat patches for biodiversity. Proc Natl Acad Sci 116:909–914. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813051115CrossRefPubMed

Xie YF, Yang L, Deng RY, Chen MH, Luan XF, Gottardi E, Zhang ZX (2018) Changes in the range of the medicinal herb Eriocaulon buergerianum Körnicke (Eriocaulaceae) under climate change. Plant Biol 20:771–779. https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12836CrossRefPubMed

Xin X, Zhang L, Zhang J, Wu T, Fang Y (2013) Climate change projections over East Asia with BCC_CSM1. 1 climate model under RCP scenarios. J Meteorol Soc Jpn Ser II 91:413–429. https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2013-401CrossRef

Xu X, Zhang H, Yue J, Xie T, Xu Y, Tian Y (2018) Predicting shifts in the suitable climatic distribution of walnut (Juglans regia L.) in China: maximum entropy model paves the way to forest management. Forests 9:103. https://doi.org/10.3390/f9030103CrossRef

Yang X-Q, Kushwaha S, Saran S, Xu J, Roy P (2013) Maxent modeling for predicting the potential distribution of medicinal plant Justicia adhatoda L. in Lesser Himalayan foothills. Ecol Eng 51:83–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.12.004CrossRef

Yang Z, Cai Y, Mitsch WJ (2015) Ecological and hydrological responses to changing environmental conditions in China’s river basins. Ecol Eng. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.12.007CrossRef

Yao J, He X-Y, Chen W, Ye Y, Guo R-C, Yu L-Z (2016) A local-scale spatial analysis of ecosystem services and ecosystem service bundles in the upper Hun River catchment, China. Ecosyst Serv 22:104–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.09.022CrossRef

Yi Y-j, Cheng X, Yang Z-F, Zhang S-H (2016) Maxent modeling for predicting the potential distribution of endangered medicinal plant (H. riparia Lour) in Yunnan, China. Ecol Eng 92:260–269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.04.010CrossRef

Yu F-Y, Wang T-J, Groen TA, Skidmore AK, Yang X-F, Ma K-P, Wu Z-F (2019) Climate and land use changes will degrade the distribution of Rhododendrons in China. Sci Total Environ 659:515–528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.223CrossRefPubMed

Zhang K, Yao L, Meng J, Tao J (2018) Maxent modeling for predicting the potential geographical distribution of two peony species under climate change. Sci Total Environ 634:1326–1334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.112CrossRefPubMed

Zhao Z, Guo Y, Wei H, Ran Q, Gu WJP (2017) Predictions of the potential geographical distribution and quality of a gynostemma pentaphyllum base on the fuzzy matter element model in China. Sustainability 9:1114. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9071114CrossRef

Title: Conservation planning of the genus Rhododendron in Northeast China based on current and future suitable habitat distributions
Authors: Yupeng Lu
Huanchu Liu
Wei Chen
Jing Yao
Yanqing Huang
Yue Zhang
Xingyuan He
Publication date: 17-01-2021
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Biodiversity and Conservation / Issue 3/2021
Print ISSN: 0960-3115
Electronic ISSN: 1572-9710
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-020-02110-6

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 3/2021

Short term, but high risk of predation for endangered mountain caribou during seasonal migration

Bumble bee species distributions and habitat associations in the Midwestern USA, a region of declining diversity

The successive trend of vegetation confirms the removal of non-indigenous woody species as an insufficient restoration action

Is second-growth rainforest good enough? Going beyond community composition

How complete are insect inventories? An assessment of the british butterfly database highlighting the influence of dynamic distribution shifts on sampling completeness

Regional Comparison of Snow Leopard (Panthera uncia) Diet using DNA Metabarcoding