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Imagining the Arctic Read chapter Read first chapter

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Contemporary Circumpolar Health Issues and Innovative Responses in the Anthropocene

Author : Carol Devine

Published in: Arctic Summer College Yearbook

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Health in the Arctic is not a new concern due to the region’s remoteness and historic inequities in health service provision and access to health care particularly for Indigenous populations, but it is also an issue severely exacerbated today by the effects of climate change. Communities in circumpolar regions have distinct health needs, but they also face shared challenges related to water quality, species and biodiversity loss, sea rise, increased non-communicable and infectious diseases, and food security, all of which are directly or indirectly impacted by climate change. This chapter surveys contemporary health issues in the Arctic and explores innovative responses to health challenges for populations in the Arctic in Canada, Greenland (Denmark), and the United States, including a Pan-Arctic Inuit health collaboration between Canada and the US. It concludes with a non-exhaustive resource list of academic and medical programs related to Arctic health and wellbeing and Circumpolar Health and related networks.

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previous chapter Human Dimension for Effective Climate Action: Synergies Between Traditional Ecological and Hydro Meteorological Scientific Knowledge in the Arctic and Beyond
next chapter Local Initiatives to Reduce the Incidence of Sexual Assault in the North
Footnotes
2
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Environmental Change and Global Health Policy Key Terms. Web. accessed Oct 28, 2016.
 
3
Public Health in the Anthropocene: Responding to Ecological Determinants of Health, United Nations University International Institute for Global Health. Web. 13 February 2015.
 
4
Who is at Risk of Climate Change infographic, World Health Organization.
 
5
“Climate change raises deadly health risks.​” Eco-Business. Web. 19 August 2016.
 
8
Climate change and health, WHO Fact sheet. Web. June 2016.
 
9
“Expert Reaction to Agreement at Paris COP-21.” Science Media Centre. Web. 12 December 2016.
 
10
“Building Healthier Societies Through Implementation of the Paris Agreement.​” Second Global Conference Health and Climate. WHO and Government of France. Web. 7–8 July 2016.
 
13
The term circumpolar is used interchangeably with Arctic in this paper. Circumpolar countries include the US, Alaska, Greenland, Canada, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Denmark (and self-governing Greenland and Faroe Islands), Iceland and Russia: the “Arctic States” defined by the intergovernmental Arctic Council. Circumpolar Health Atlas. P 3.
 
14
Arctic indigenous peoples include for example Saami in circumpolar areas of Finland, Sweden, Norway and Northwest Russia, Nenets, Khanty, Evenk and Chukchi in Russia, Aleut, Yupik and Inuit (Iñupiat) in Alaska, Inuit (Inuvialuit) in Canada and Inuit (Kalaallit) in Greenland. All of the above-mentioned countries except Iceland have indigenous peoples living within their Arctic territory. Arctic Indigenous Peoples. Arctic Centre. Web.
 
16
Social determinants of Inuit Health in Canada, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK), September 2014.
 
17
Circumpolar Health Atlas. P 160.
 
18
Circumpolar Health Atlas. P vii.
 
19
‘Disparities in Arctic Health’ Podcast with Dan Rutz, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Web. 2008.
 
20
ibid. CDC.
 
21
Women, Gender Equality and Climate Change. UN Women Watch. Web. 2009.
 
22
Communication with Dr. Kami Kandola, 2 and 16 August 2016.
 
24
“Climate change health assessment:​ a novel approach for Alaska Native communities.” Michael Y. Brubaker, Jacob N. Bell, James E. Berner, John A. Warren Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, USA Circumpolar Health Journal. Web. 2011.
 
25
“In the Balance.” Positive News. 16 August 2015.
 
26
Ibid. P 154–157.
 
28
Vulnerability & Adaptation Assessment of the Health Sector in Malawi to Impacts of Climate Change,
Ministry of Health, Malawi. December 2015.
 
29
“Climate change health assessment:​ a novel approach for Alaska Native communities.​” Michael Y. Brubaker, Jacob N. Bell, James E. Berner, John A. Warren Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, USA Circumpolar Health Journal. Web 2011.
 
30
Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium. Center for Climate & Health. Web.
 
31
“Story-Driven Health:​ Alaska’s Race to Wellness.​” Southcentral Foundation Alaska. Web. 11 March 2015.
 
32
“State of the Knowledge:​ Inuit Public Health.​” National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health. Web. 2011.
 
38
“Pan-Arctic TV Series on Inuit wellness:​ a northern model of communication for social change?​” Rhonda Johnson et al. International Journal of Circumpolar Health. Web. 70:3. 2011.
 
Literature
Arctic Human Health. The Circumpolar Health Journal Supplements. 2010.
Young, K., et al. (Eds.). (2012). Circumpolar health atlas. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Health and well-being in the Canadian North: Recent advances and remaining knowledge gaps and research opportunities. Canadian Polar Commission. 31 March 2014.
Peter Bjerregaard, & Kue Young T, Health transitions in Arctic populations, University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 2008.
Social determinants of Inuit Health in Canada, Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (ITK), September 2014.
State of the Knowledge: Inuit Public Health, National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health, 2011.
Arctic Health, University of Alaska Anchorage, USA.
Arctic Health, Norwegian Institute of Public. Health.
Arctic Health Research The Arctic University of Norway. (on Russia).
Arctic Human Health Expert Group. within Arctic Council.
Arctic Survival and Safety. University of Svalbard UNIS, Norway.
Center for Alaska Native Health Research, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA.
Center for Arctic Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland.
International School of Public Health at Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk., Russia.
Kirov State Medical Academy., Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, Russia.
The Centre for Arctic and Global Health, The Arctic University of Norway.
UArctic The University of the Arctic (UArctic) is a cooperative network of universities, colleges, research institutes and other organizations concerned with education and research in and about the North.
University of Akureyri, Health Sciences, Iceland.
University of Manitoba, College of Medicine, Canada.
University of Umeå. Arctic Research Center, Sweden.
Yakutsk State University, Saska Republic, Russia.
Metadata
Title
Contemporary Circumpolar Health Issues and Innovative Responses in the Anthropocene
Author
Carol Devine
Copyright Year
2018
Book
Arctic Summer College Yearbook

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66458-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-66459-0

Copyright Year: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66459-0_11