Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Information Systems and e-Business Management 3/2008

01-06-2008 | Original Article

Context-sensitive decision support systems in road safety

Authors: Patrick Brézillon, Juliette Brézillon

Published in: Information Systems and e-Business Management | Issue 3/2008

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Enterprises often embed decision-making processes in procedures in order to address issues in all cases. However, procedures often lead to sub-optimal solutions for any specific decision. As a consequence, each actor develops the practice of addressing decision making in a specific context. Actors contextualize decision making when enterprises are obliged to decontextualize decision making to limit the number of procedures and cover whole classes of decision-making processes by generalization. Practice modeling is not easy because there are as many practices as contexts of occurrence. This chapter proposes a way to deal effectively with practices. Based on a conceptual framework for dealing with context, we present a context-based representation formalism for modeling decision making and its realization by actors. This formalism is called contextual graphs and is discussed using the example of modeling car drivers’ behaviors.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
go back to reference Bellet T, Tattegrain-Veste H, Bonnard A (2005) Risk of collision and behavior adequacy assessment for managing human-machine interaction. In: 11th international conference on human-computer interaction (HCI), Nevada, July Bellet T, Tattegrain-Veste H, Bonnard A (2005) Risk of collision and behavior adequacy assessment for managing human-machine interaction. In: 11th international conference on human-computer interaction (HCI), Nevada, July
go back to reference Brézillon P (1994) Context needs in cooperative building of explanations. In: First European conference on cognitive science in industry, Luxembourg, pp 443–450 Brézillon P (1994) Context needs in cooperative building of explanations. In: First European conference on cognitive science in industry, Luxembourg, pp 443–450
go back to reference Brézillon P (2005) Task-realization models in contextual graphs. In: Dey A, Kokinov B, Leake D, Turner R (eds) Modeling and using context (CONTEXT-05). LNCS, vol 3554. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 55–68 Brézillon P (2005) Task-realization models in contextual graphs. In: Dey A, Kokinov B, Leake D, Turner R (eds) Modeling and using context (CONTEXT-05). LNCS, vol 3554. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 55–68
go back to reference Brézillon P, Gonzalez JA (2006) Tale of two context-based formalisms for representing human knowledge. In: Ali M, Dapoigny R (eds) IEA/AIE 2006. LNAI, vol 4031. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 137–145 Brézillon P, Gonzalez JA (2006) Tale of two context-based formalisms for representing human knowledge. In: Ali M, Dapoigny R (eds) IEA/AIE 2006. LNAI, vol 4031. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 137–145
go back to reference Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch (1997) User acceptance of interactive systems: lessons from knowledge-based and decision support systems. Failures and lessons learned. Inform Technol Manage 1(1):67–75 Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch (1997) User acceptance of interactive systems: lessons from knowledge-based and decision support systems. Failures and lessons learned. Inform Technol Manage 1(1):67–75
go back to reference Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch (1999) Contextual knowledge sharing and cooperation in intelligent assistant systems. Trav Hum 62(3):223–246 Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch (1999) Contextual knowledge sharing and cooperation in intelligent assistant systems. Trav Hum 62(3):223–246
go back to reference Brézillon P, Cavalcanti M, Naveiro R, Pomerol J-Ch (2000) SART: an intelligent assistant for subway control. Pesquisa Operacional. Braz Oper Res Soc 20(2):247–268 Brézillon P, Cavalcanti M, Naveiro R, Pomerol J-Ch (2000) SART: an intelligent assistant for subway control. Pesquisa Operacional. Braz Oper Res Soc 20(2):247–268
go back to reference Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch, Pasquier L (2003) Learning and explanation in a context-based representation: application to incident solving on subway lines. In: Jain R, Abraham A, Faucher C, van der Zwaag J (eds) Innovations in knowledge engineering, chap 6. International Series on Advanced Intelligence, pp 129–149 Brézillon P, Pomerol J-Ch, Pasquier L (2003) Learning and explanation in a context-based representation: application to incident solving on subway lines. In: Jain R, Abraham A, Faucher C, van der Zwaag J (eds) Innovations in knowledge engineering, chap 6. International Series on Advanced Intelligence, pp 129–149
go back to reference Brézillon P, Brézillon J, Pomerol J-Ch (2006) Decision making at a crossroad: a negotiation of contexts. In: Proceedings of the joint international conference on computing and decision making in civil and building engineering, ISBN 2-921145-58-8, pp 2574–2583 Brézillon P, Brézillon J, Pomerol J-Ch (2006) Decision making at a crossroad: a negotiation of contexts. In: Proceedings of the joint international conference on computing and decision making in civil and building engineering, ISBN 2-921145-58-8, pp 2574–2583
go back to reference Campbell B, Goodman J (1988) HAM: a general purpose hypertext abstract machine. Commun ACM 31(7):856–861CrossRef Campbell B, Goodman J (1988) HAM: a general purpose hypertext abstract machine. Commun ACM 31(7):856–861CrossRef
go back to reference Compton P, Jansen B (1988) Knowledge in context. A strategy for expert system maintenance. In: Siekmann J (ed) Lecture notes in artificial intelligence. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 37–49 Compton P, Jansen B (1988) Knowledge in context. A strategy for expert system maintenance. In: Siekmann J (ed) Lecture notes in artificial intelligence. Springer, Heidelberg, pp 37–49
go back to reference Forslund G (1995) Toward cooperative advice-giving systems. The expert systems experience. Ph.D. Dissertation, Linkoping University, Sweden Forslund G (1995) Toward cooperative advice-giving systems. The expert systems experience. Ph.D. Dissertation, Linkoping University, Sweden
go back to reference GADGET, An EU-project (1999) Guarding automobile drivers through guidance, education and technology. In: Siegrist S (ed) WP 3 report. BFU, Switzerland GADGET, An EU-project (1999) Guarding automobile drivers through guidance, education and technology. In: Siegrist S (ed) WP 3 report. BFU, Switzerland
go back to reference Gonzales AJ, Ahlers RH (1998) Context-based representation of intelligent behaviour in training simulations. T Soc Comput Simul 15(4):153–166 Gonzales AJ, Ahlers RH (1998) Context-based representation of intelligent behaviour in training simulations. T Soc Comput Simul 15(4):153–166
go back to reference Grimshaw DJ, Mott PL, Roberts SA (1997) The role of context in decision making: some implications for database design. Eur J Inform Syst 6(2):122–128CrossRef Grimshaw DJ, Mott PL, Roberts SA (1997) The role of context in decision making: some implications for database design. Eur J Inform Syst 6(2):122–128CrossRef
go back to reference Gruber T (1991) Justification-based knowledge acquisition. In: Motoda H, Mizoguchi R, Boose J, Gaines B (eds) Knowledge. Acquisition for Knowledge-based systems. IOS, Amsterdam, pp 81–97 Gruber T (1991) Justification-based knowledge acquisition. In: Motoda H, Mizoguchi R, Boose J, Gaines B (eds) Knowledge. Acquisition for Knowledge-based systems. IOS, Amsterdam, pp 81–97
go back to reference Hendrix G (1975) Expanding the utility of semantic networks through partitioning. In: Proceedings of the fourth IJCAI, pp 115–121 Hendrix G (1975) Expanding the utility of semantic networks through partitioning. In: Proceedings of the fourth IJCAI, pp 115–121
go back to reference Henninger S (1992) The knowledge acquisition trap. In: Proceedings of the IEEE workshop on applying artificial intelligence to software problems: assessing promises and pitfalls (CAIA-92), Monterey, March Henninger S (1992) The knowledge acquisition trap. In: Proceedings of the IEEE workshop on applying artificial intelligence to software problems: assessing promises and pitfalls (CAIA-92), Monterey, March
go back to reference Laird JE, Newell A, Rosenbloom PS (1987) SOAR: an architecture for general intelligence. Artif Int 33:1–64CrossRef Laird JE, Newell A, Rosenbloom PS (1987) SOAR: an architecture for general intelligence. Artif Int 33:1–64CrossRef
go back to reference Leplat J, Hoc JM (1983) Tâche et activité dans l’analyse psychologique des situations. Cah Psychol Cogn 3:49–63 Leplat J, Hoc JM (1983) Tâche et activité dans l’analyse psychologique des situations. Cah Psychol Cogn 3:49–63
go back to reference McCarthy J (1993) Notes on formalizing context. In: Proceedings of the 13th IJCAI, vol 1, pp 555–560 McCarthy J (1993) Notes on formalizing context. In: Proceedings of the 13th IJCAI, vol 1, pp 555–560
go back to reference Pomerol J-Ch (1997) Artificial intelligence and human decision making. Eur J Oper Res 99:3–25CrossRef Pomerol J-Ch (1997) Artificial intelligence and human decision making. Eur J Oper Res 99:3–25CrossRef
go back to reference Pomerol J-Ch (2001) Scenario development and practical decision making under uncertainty. Decis Support Syst 31:197–204CrossRef Pomerol J-Ch (2001) Scenario development and practical decision making under uncertainty. Decis Support Syst 31:197–204CrossRef
go back to reference Pomerol J-CH, Brézillon P, Pasquier L (2002) Operational knowledge representation for practical decision making. J Manage Inform Syst 18(4):101–116 Pomerol J-CH, Brézillon P, Pasquier L (2002) Operational knowledge representation for practical decision making. J Manage Inform Syst 18(4):101–116
go back to reference Schank RC (1982) Dynamic memory, a theory of learning in computers and people. Cambridge University Press, London Schank RC (1982) Dynamic memory, a theory of learning in computers and people. Cambridge University Press, London
go back to reference Sowa JF (2000) Knowledge representation: logical, philosophical, and computational foundations. Brooks Cole, Pacific Grove Sowa JF (2000) Knowledge representation: logical, philosophical, and computational foundations. Brooks Cole, Pacific Grove
go back to reference Van Elsandre P (2001) Dynamique des connaissances, catégorisation et attentes dans une conduite humaine située. Ph.D. Dissertation, Université Paris V Van Elsandre P (2001) Dynamique des connaissances, catégorisation et attentes dans une conduite humaine située. Ph.D. Dissertation, Université Paris V
go back to reference Vergnaud G (1985) Concepts et schèmes dans la théorie opératoire de la représentation. Les Représentation. Psychol Française 30(3):245–252 Vergnaud G (1985) Concepts et schèmes dans la théorie opératoire de la représentation. Les Représentation. Psychol Française 30(3):245–252
Metadata
Title
Context-sensitive decision support systems in road safety
Authors
Patrick Brézillon
Juliette Brézillon
Publication date
01-06-2008
Publisher
Springer-Verlag
Published in
Information Systems and e-Business Management / Issue 3/2008
Print ISSN: 1617-9846
Electronic ISSN: 1617-9854
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10257-008-0088-y

Other articles of this Issue 3/2008

Information Systems and e-Business Management 3/2008 Go to the issue

Premium Partner