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Published in:
2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
17. Controlled Release Systems
Authors : Vasif Hasirci, Nesrin Hasirci
Published in: Fundamentals of Biomaterials
Publisher: Springer New York
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Abstract
Drugs are bioactive agents used to treat or prevent diseases and illnesses through chemical action in the body. In order for a drug to be effective, it has to be at the site of cause of the illness, whether it is an infection, a blockage of an artery, pain, or some other malfunction of the bodily organs or tissues due to genetic causes or a trauma or aging. In order for the drug to reach this target site, it has to be introduced to the body (administration), cross barriers (distribution), get modified by the enzymes within the body (metabolism), and be removed from the body (elimination or excretion). All these processes affect the rate, dose at the target, efficacy, and the fate of the drug. In order for the drug to have prolonged or predetermined period of presence and sufficiently high concentration and to be localized specifically at the target tissue, “controlled release systems” are designed. All the abovementioned topics have to be discussed before a controlled release system can be designed.