Cosmological Distances Scale. Part 15: Cosmic Jerk and Gravitational Dipole of Inhomogeneity

As part of the “Cosmological Distance Scale” series, the paper focuses on the cosmic jerk issue. Drawing on the data for the parametric identification of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker model as the dependence of photometric distance on Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) redshift used by the High-Z SN Search Team and Supernovae Cosmology Project, it is considered whether the accelerating expansion of the universe can be assumed to be the most plausible hypothesis under the criterion of minimum inadequacy error. The previously detected change points (structural and parameter changes in the systematic component of the model) and rank inversions of SN Ia photometric distances for the systematic component of this model are analyzed. It is shown that these metric disruptions are caused by the isotropy of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker model. In the anisotropic model of the cosmological distance scale, change points and rank inversions are associated with the gravitational dipole orientation of inhomogeneity in the large-scale structure of the universe. These dipoles represent diametrically opposite “supercluster–giant void” pairs on the celestial sphere. Only the size of the supervoid in the constellation of Eridanus, comparable to that of the observable part of the universe, causes a great imbalance in the gravitational effect of the massive supercluster. This leads to disruptions in the form of change points and rank inversions in the isotropic models of the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker type.