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Published in:
A Structured Approach to Performance Analysis Read chapter Read first chapter

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Counter Inspection Toolkit: Making Sense Out of Hardware Performance Events

Authors : Anthony Danalis, Heike Jagode, Hanumantharayappa, Sangamesh Ragate, Jack Dongarra

Published in: Tools for High Performance Computing 2017

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Hardware counters play an essential role in understanding the behavior of performance-critical applications, and inform any effort to identify opportunities for performance optimization. However, because modern hardware is becoming increasingly complex, the number of counters that are offered by the vendors increases and, in some cases, so does their complexity. In this paper we present a toolkit that aims to assist application developers invested in performance analysis by automatically categorizing and disambiguating performance counters. We present and discuss the set of microbenchmarks and analyses that we developed as part of our toolkit. We explain why they work and discuss the non-obvious reasons why some of our early benchmarks and analyses did not work in an effort to share with the rest of the community the wisdom we acquired from negative results.

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previous chapter A Structured Approach to Performance Analysis
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Footnotes
1
The actual count is not zero, but rather a small number due to noise caused by code not shown in the figures, such as the calls to PAPI_start() and PAPI_stop(). However, in our experiments this number did not grow when varying the variable size, so for large iteration counts the fraction of mispredicted branches approaches zero.
 
2
Other, more sophisticated goodness functions, such as Pearson’s \(\chi ^2\) test [7], could be used to assist in the analysis of the measurements, but in our experiments we found that the simple formula in Eq. 1 is sufficient.
 
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Metadata
Title
Counter Inspection Toolkit: Making Sense Out of Hardware Performance Events
Authors
Anthony Danalis
Heike Jagode
Hanumantharayappa
Sangamesh Ragate
Jack Dongarra
Copyright Year
2019
Book
Tools for High Performance Computing 2017

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-11986-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-11987-4

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11987-4_2

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