CPT-Based Nonlinear Stress–Strain Approach for Evaluating Foundation Settlement: Analytical and Numerical Analysis

Due to complexities in soil–foundation interaction and nonlinear behavior of subsoil, considerable uncertainty is involved in the foundation settlement evaluation. In the present paper, a new analytical approach is proposed to estimate the foundation settlement based on soil behavior classification charts developed from CPT records. The approach is founded on the Janbu nonlinear stress–strain method. However, instead of using fixed parameters in the Janbu method, the variable coefficients are used depending on geomaterial properties. Also, in the proposed approach, the scale effect is taken into account for foundation width considering soil stiffness. The proposed procedure is calibrated and verified by a data bank containing 46 case histories including 22 square, 17 circular and 7 rectangular foundations with widths varying between 0.3 and 2.4 m in conjunction with CPT data. Furthermore, the numerical finite difference analysis using a CPT-based stress characteristics method is carried out to validate the proposed approach for the prediction of foundation settlement. The accuracy of the calculations done by the proposed and some available common methods is investigated. Comparisons based on statistical and probabilistic methods apparently reveal that the proposed approach calculates the foundation settlement promisingly.