2001 | OriginalPaper | Chapter
Deposition Patterns of SO4 2- NO3 - and H+ in the Brazilian Territory
Authors : M. Cristina Forti, Adilson Carvalho, Adolpho J. Melfi, Celia R. Montes
Published in: Acid rain 2000
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Included in: Professional Book Archive
Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.
Select sections of text to find matching patents with Artificial Intelligence. powered by
Select sections of text to find additional relevant content using AI-assisted search. powered by
SO42- NO3- and H+ depositions are estimated in the Brazilian territory based on the existing rainfall chemical data and on annual rainfall distribution over the whole territory. Local and regional depositions are estimated. Rainfall chemical data over the Brazilian territory shows that the average pH values are usually low (between 4.0 and 5.5). These values are observed in the tropical Amazon forest as well as in urban areas. However, the rainwater acidity in the tropical forests are due to organic acids naturally produced by the vegetation while in urban areas the acidity is mainly due to acidic anion deposition (NO3- and SO42-). In some Amazonian areas, the average input values through rainfall for NO3- is about 0.06 keq.ha.yr-1 and for SO42- is between 0.23 and 0.54 keq.ha-1.yr-1. On the other hand, in some urban centers, such as São Paulo, values of .072 keq.ha-1.yr-1 for NO3- and 1.16 keq.ha-1.yr-1 of SO42- are found and in sites where sulfate sources (coal mining) are present, as for the area of Florianópolis, values as high as 5.59 keq.ha-1. yr-1 for SO42- are found.