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Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics

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01-03-2024

Dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric properties, and conduction behavior of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.94+xBa_0.06TiO₃ ceramics

Authors: Yanzi Qiu, Zide Yu, XianKun Wang, Xiaoshuang Qiao

Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics | Issue 9/2024

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Abstract

The electrical properties and conduction behavior of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.94+xBa_0.06TiO₃ (x = 0, 0.01; denoted as BNBT, BNBT + 0.01BN) ceramics were studied. Both samples demonstrated a single-phase perovskite structure. Compared to the BNBT sample, the BNBT + 0.01BN sample showed a reduction in grain size and decreased values for Curie temperature (T_m) and depolarization temperature (T_d). Normalized spectroscopic plots of M"/M"_max and Z"/Z"_max revealed a single relaxation peak. The complex impedance plots were modeled using an equivalent circuit, and the grain resistance (R_g) decreases with increasing temperature. At 500 °C, the R_g values for BNBT and BNBT + 0.01BN samples were 339.97 and 886.98 kΩ × cm, respectively. Jonscher’s law was applied to fit the AC conductivity, and the obtained n values indicated different conduction mechanisms for the two samples. Additionally, the conduction activation energy (E_con) for DC conductivity followed the Arrhenius relation. Introducing a small (Bi,Na) excess suppresses oxygen and cation vacancies, significantly increasing resistivity. Consequently, the BNBT + 0.01BN sample exhibited excellent remanent polarization (P_r) of 34.2 μC/cm² and piezoelectric constant (d₃₃) of 135 pC/N.

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Title: Dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric properties, and conduction behavior of (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94+xBa0.06TiO3 ceramics
Authors: Yanzi Qiu
Zide Yu
XianKun Wang
Xiaoshuang Qiao
Publication date: 01-03-2024
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics / Issue 9/2024
Print ISSN: 0957-4522
Electronic ISSN: 1573-482X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-024-12387-w

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