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2011 | Book

Introduction Read chapter Read first chapter

Digitally-Assisted Analog and RF CMOS Circuit Design for Software-Defined Radio

Editors: Kenichi Okada, Shouhei Kousai

Publisher: Springer New York

Part of: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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About this book

This book describes the state-of-the-art in RF, analog, and mixed-signal circuit design for Software Defined Radio (SDR). It synthesizes for analog/RF circuit designers the most important general design approaches to take advantage of the most recent CMOS technology, which can integrate millions of transistors, as well as several real examples from the most recent research results.

Table of Contents

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Introduction
Abstract
The aim of this book is to assist with developing software-defined radio (SDR) transceivers and their related circuit techniques in CMOS. The book is structured as follows.
Shouhei Kousai
Chapter 2. Nanoscale CMOS Transceiver Implementation for a Software-Defined Radio Platform
Abstract
A Software-Defined Radio (SDR) should theoretically receive and transmit any modulated frequency channel in the (un)licensed spectrum, targeting all modern communication standards relevant for a modern handheld mobile device (2G/3G/4G cellular, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Bluetooth, Global Positioning System (GPS), broadcasting, etc.). Moreover, it should guarantee top performance with energy savings, while still being integrated in a digital CMOS technology. In this chapter, a practical front-end implementation for such an SDR concept is demonstrated, including local oscillator, transmitter and receiver in the frequency range 0.1–6 GHz. Circuits and architectures are optimized for minimal area occupation in a standard digital 40 nm low-power (LP) CMOS technology. The radio front-end compares favorably with state-of-the-art dedicated radios while enabling, for the first time, wideband reconfigurable performance and energy scalability.
Jan Craninckx
Chapter 3. Digital RF and Digitally-Assisted RF
Abstract
One of the most important developments in the wireless industry within the last decade was the digitization of RF circuitry. This was in response to the incredible advancements of the mainstream CMOS technology in both processing speed and circuit density, as well as the relentless push to reduce total solution costs through integration of RF, analog and digital circuitry. Since the digital baseband part of a wireless communication channel has been traditionally implemented in the most advanced CMOS technology available at a given time for mass production, the need for single-chip CMOS integration has forced permanent changes to the way RF circuits are fundamentally designed. In this low-voltage nanometer-scale CMOS environment, the high-performance RF circuits must exploit the time-domain design paradigm and heavily rely on digital assistance. This chapter revisits the digitization journey of RF circuits and offers a glimpse into the future of digital RF technology.
Robert Bogdan Staszewski
Chapter 4. Software-Defined Radio Receiver Architecture and RF-Analog Front-End Circuits
Abstract
Wireless bands and services are proliferating across the world. Every six months approximately, a new use for wireless appears, often leading to a new standard. Manufacturers of mobile handsets have a hard time keeping up, because the end user wants to access an increasing number of services from a single handset, and have it adapt to global roaming. In the face of this proliferation a universal software-defined radio (SDR) which can communicate over all bands and standards is in high demand. This chapter covers SDR receievrs (SDR-RX). First an overview of prior SDR receiver (SDR-RX) developments is presented. Then a novel architecture for low power SDR-RX, partly evolved from prior SDR works, is described. A CMOS prototype implementation which covers the 0.5 to 6 GHz spectrum and can tune to a wide range of narrowband and wideband modulations is presented. Main circuit blocks of this SDR-RX including the programmable anti-aliasing analog filter, wideband LNA and high linearity harmonic-rejection mixer are presented. Finally the areas where further performance improvement is needed are highlighted. Due to high flexibility and close similarity to the tried and true narrowband receivers, it is foreseeable that this architecture can yield itself to be widely used in future low power SDR-RX products.
Rahim Bagheri, Ahmad Mirzaei, Saeed Chehrazi, Asad A. Abidi
Chapter 5. Interference Rejection in Receivers by Frequency Translated Low-Pass Filtering and Digitally Enhanced Harmonic-Rejection Mixing
Abstract
Software-Defined Radio (SDR) and Cognitive Radio (CR) concepts have recently drawn considerable interest. These radio concepts built on digital signal processing to realize flexibly programmable radio transceivers, which can adapt in a smart way to their environment. As CMOS is the mainstream IC technology for digital, we would also like to realize SDR and CR radio transceivers in CMOS. Attempts are being made to integrate the functionality of multiple dedicated narrowband radios into one radio chip, which is reconfigurable by software [1,  2]. This is hoped to bring cost and size reductions while supporting an ever increasing set of communication standards in a single device. The SDR concept might also allow field upgradable radios to accommodate evolving standards or cognitive radios to improve the efficiency of spectrum use [3].
Eric Klumperink, Zhiyu Ru, Niels Moseley, Bram Nauta
Chapter 6. Reconfigurable Analog Baseband Filter
Abstract
Demands for software defined radio (SDR) technologies enabling a device to handle both current and future wireless standards with changes only to software are increasing as next-generation wireless communication systems come closer to reality [1, 2].
Masaki Kitsunezuka, Shinichi Hori, Tadashi Maeda
Chapter 7. Multi-Standard Data Converters
Abstract
Analog-to-Digital converters (ADC) and Digital-to-Analog converters (DAC) are required in receivers and in transmitters, respectively. The required bandwidth of DAC is determined by communication standards and required resolution is dependent on modulation scheme, like quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc. Since current-mode DAC can deal with most of communication standards and modulation schemes, it is readily applied for multi-standard radios. On the other hand, compared to DACs, the situation of ADC is more complicated, because there are more factors that affect the required performance of ADC, such as the unwanted signal, performance of pre-filter, ratio of thermal noise and quantization noise, demodulation method and so on. In this chapter, we will mainly study ADC for multi-standard radios.
Akira Matsuzawa
Chapter 8. Highly Linear and Efficient Watt-Level SDR Transmitter with Power Mixer Array
Abstract
The software-defined radio (SDR) requires a universal transmitter, and especially, highly efficient linear power amplifier (PA). However, conventional IQ transmitters, which require many analog and RF circuits, offer little flexibility and widely used class-AB amplifiers have low efficiency. In this chapter, power mixer array is demonstrated as a high-power SDR transmitter implementation. It is based on highly efficient switching power amplifiers, and high linearity is enabled by segmentation technique.
Shouhei Kousai
Backmatter
Metadata
Title
Digitally-Assisted Analog and RF CMOS Circuit Design for Software-Defined Radio
Editors
Kenichi Okada
Shouhei Kousai
Copyright Year
2011
Publisher
Springer New York
Electronic ISBN
978-1-4419-8514-9
Print ISBN
978-1-4419-8513-2
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8514-9