Skip to main content
Top

2012 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

Directors in Banks: Compensation and Characteristics

Authors : Lisa Goh, Aditi Gupta

Published in: Corporate Governance

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Banks are frequently excluded from studies on executive compensation and corporate governance even though they play a critical role in the economy. In this chapter, we examine whether and how compensation of CEOs and board members in UK banks differs from compensation practices in other firms, using a sample of UK banks, FTSE 100, and matched-sample firms. We also examine differences in individual characteristics of both executive and non-executive board members of banks and those in other firms. We find that, contrary to public perception, CEOs in banks receive lower total compensation than CEOs of other firms. However, their compensation packages are weighted significantly more towards short-term compensation than in other firms. We also find that non-executives in banks are more highly paid than those in other firms.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Footnotes
2
Firms in the United Kingdom typically have a unitary board of directors composed of both executive and non-executive directors. Executive directors, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), are commonly referred to in the United States as “inside” directors while non-executive directors are referred to as “outside” directors and in some jurisdictions as “supervisory” directors. For consistency, in this chapter we use the term “executive” and “non-executive,” the terminology of firms and regulators in the UK.
 
3
This declined substantially during and after the financial crisis. However, banks still represented 16% of the market capitalization of FTSE 100 firms at the end of 2009 (Source: FTSE All-Share Index, 2006; 2009).
 
4
We choose to include new directors in the sample with an indicator variable indicating that they are new, instead of excluding them from the sample, due to the number of observations that would be lost, though deleting these observations does not materially affect our results.
 
Literature
go back to reference Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2008). Do directors perform for pay? Journal of Accounting and Economics, 46(1), 154–171.CrossRef Adams, R. B., & Ferreira, D. (2008). Do directors perform for pay? Journal of Accounting and Economics, 46(1), 154–171.CrossRef
go back to reference Adams, R., & Mehran, H. (2003). Is corporate governance different for bank holding companies? Economic Policy Review, 9(1), 123–142. Adams, R., & Mehran, H. (2003). Is corporate governance different for bank holding companies? Economic Policy Review, 9(1), 123–142.
go back to reference Bebchuk, L. A., & Spamann, H. (2010). Regulating bankers’ pay. Georgetown Law Journal, 98(2), 247–287. Bebchuk, L. A., & Spamann, H. (2010). Regulating bankers’ pay. Georgetown Law Journal, 98(2), 247–287.
go back to reference Boyd, B. K. (1996). Determinants of US outside director compensation. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 4(4), 202–211.CrossRef Boyd, B. K. (1996). Determinants of US outside director compensation. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 4(4), 202–211.CrossRef
go back to reference Bryan, S., Hwang, L.–S., Klein, A., & Lilien, S. (2000). Compensation of outside directors: an empirical analysis of economic determinants. Working paper, Baruch College. Bryan, S., Hwang, L.–S., Klein, A., & Lilien, S. (2000). Compensation of outside directors: an empirical analysis of economic determinants. Working paper, Baruch College.
go back to reference Cadbury Committee. (1992). The financial aspects of corporate governance. London: Gee Publishing. Cadbury Committee. (1992). The financial aspects of corporate governance. London: Gee Publishing.
go back to reference Coles, J. L., Daniel, N. D., & Naveen, L. (2006). Managerial incentives and risk-taking. Journal of Financial Economics, 79(2), 431–468.CrossRef Coles, J. L., Daniel, N. D., & Naveen, L. (2006). Managerial incentives and risk-taking. Journal of Financial Economics, 79(2), 431–468.CrossRef
go back to reference Combined Code. (2000). The combined code: Principles of good governance and code of best practice. London: Gee Publishing. Combined Code. (2000). The combined code: Principles of good governance and code of best practice. London: Gee Publishing.
go back to reference Combined Code. (2003). The combined code on corporate governance. London: Financial Reporting Council. Combined Code. (2003). The combined code on corporate governance. London: Financial Reporting Council.
go back to reference Combined Code. (2006). The combined code on corporate governance. London: Financial Reporting Council. Combined Code. (2006). The combined code on corporate governance. London: Financial Reporting Council.
go back to reference Cordeiro, J., Veliyath, R., & Eramus, E. J. (2000). An empirical investigation of the determinants of outside director compensation. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 8(3), 268–279.CrossRef Cordeiro, J., Veliyath, R., & Eramus, E. J. (2000). An empirical investigation of the determinants of outside director compensation. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 8(3), 268–279.CrossRef
go back to reference Core, J. E., Holthausen, R. W., & Larcker, D. F. (1999). Corporate governance, chief executive officer compensation, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 51(3), 371–406.CrossRef Core, J. E., Holthausen, R. W., & Larcker, D. F. (1999). Corporate governance, chief executive officer compensation, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 51(3), 371–406.CrossRef
go back to reference Corporate Governance Code. (2010). The UK corporate governance code. London: Financial Reporting Council. Corporate Governance Code. (2010). The UK corporate governance code. London: Financial Reporting Council.
go back to reference DRRR. (2002). The directors’ remuneration report regulations 2002. DRRR. (2002). The directors’ remuneration report regulations 2002.
go back to reference European Commission. (2011). Green paper: The EU corporate governance framework. Brussels: European Commission. European Commission. (2011). Green paper: The EU corporate governance framework. Brussels: European Commission.
go back to reference Fahlenbrach, R., & Stulz, R. M. (2011). Bank CEO incentives and the credit crisis. Journal of Financial Economics, 99(1), 11–26.CrossRef Fahlenbrach, R., & Stulz, R. M. (2011). Bank CEO incentives and the credit crisis. Journal of Financial Economics, 99(1), 11–26.CrossRef
go back to reference Farrell, K. A., Friesen, G. C., & Hersch, P. L. (2008). How do firms adjust director compensation? Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(2), 153–162.CrossRef Farrell, K. A., Friesen, G. C., & Hersch, P. L. (2008). How do firms adjust director compensation? Journal of Corporate Finance, 14(2), 153–162.CrossRef
go back to reference Fich, E. M., & Shivdasani, A. (2005). The impact of stock-option compensation for outside directors on firm value. Journal of Business, 78(6), 2229–2254.CrossRef Fich, E. M., & Shivdasani, A. (2005). The impact of stock-option compensation for outside directors on firm value. Journal of Business, 78(6), 2229–2254.CrossRef
go back to reference Greenbury, R. (1995). Directors’ remuneration: Report of a study group chaired by Sir Richard Greenbury. London: Gee Publishing. Greenbury, R. (1995). Directors’ remuneration: Report of a study group chaired by Sir Richard Greenbury. London: Gee Publishing.
go back to reference Hampel, R. (1998). Committee on corporate governance final report. London: Gee Publishing. Hampel, R. (1998). Committee on corporate governance final report. London: Gee Publishing.
go back to reference Healy, P. M. (1985). The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7(1–3), 85–107.CrossRef Healy, P. M. (1985). The effect of bonus schemes on accounting decisions. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 7(1–3), 85–107.CrossRef
go back to reference Hempel, P., & Fay, C. (1994). Outside director compensation and firm performance. Human Resource Management, 33(1), 111.CrossRef Hempel, P., & Fay, C. (1994). Outside director compensation and firm performance. Human Resource Management, 33(1), 111.CrossRef
go back to reference Higgs, D. (2003). Review of the role and effectiveness of non–executive directors. London: Department of Trade and Industry. Higgs, D. (2003). Review of the role and effectiveness of non–executive directors. London: Department of Trade and Industry.
go back to reference Holthausen, R. W., Larcker, D. F., & Sloan, R. G. (1995). Annual bonus schemes and the manipulation of earnings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 19(1), 29–74.CrossRef Holthausen, R. W., Larcker, D. F., & Sloan, R. G. (1995). Annual bonus schemes and the manipulation of earnings. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 19(1), 29–74.CrossRef
go back to reference Horton, J., Millo, Y., & Serafeim, G. (2012). Resources or power? Implications of social networks on compensation and firm performance. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 39(3–4), 399–426. Horton, J., Millo, Y., & Serafeim, G. (2012). Resources or power? Implications of social networks on compensation and firm performance. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting 39(3–4), 399–426.
go back to reference Houston, J. F., & James, C. (1995). CEO compensation and bank risk: Is compensation in banking structured to promote risk taking? Journal of Monetary Economics, 36(2), 405–432.CrossRef Houston, J. F., & James, C. (1995). CEO compensation and bank risk: Is compensation in banking structured to promote risk taking? Journal of Monetary Economics, 36(2), 405–432.CrossRef
go back to reference Kaplan, S. N., & Rauh, J. (2010). Wall street and main street: What contributes to the rise in the highest incomes? Review of Financial Studies, 23(3), 1004–1050.CrossRef Kaplan, S. N., & Rauh, J. (2010). Wall street and main street: What contributes to the rise in the highest incomes? Review of Financial Studies, 23(3), 1004–1050.CrossRef
go back to reference Linn, S. C., & Park, D. (2005). Outside director compensation policy and the investment opportunity set. Journal of Corporate Finance, 11(4), 680–715.CrossRef Linn, S. C., & Park, D. (2005). Outside director compensation policy and the investment opportunity set. Journal of Corporate Finance, 11(4), 680–715.CrossRef
go back to reference Mehran, H. (1995). Executive compensation structure, ownership, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 38(2), 163–184.CrossRef Mehran, H. (1995). Executive compensation structure, ownership, and firm performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 38(2), 163–184.CrossRef
go back to reference Mishra, C. S., & Nielsen, J. F. (2000). Board independence and compensation policies in large bank holding companies. Financial Management, 29(3), 51–70.CrossRef Mishra, C. S., & Nielsen, J. F. (2000). Board independence and compensation policies in large bank holding companies. Financial Management, 29(3), 51–70.CrossRef
go back to reference Murphy, K. J. (1999). Executive compensation. In O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (Eds.), Handbook of labor economics (pp. 2485–2563). Amsterdam: Oxford/Elsevier.CrossRef Murphy, K. J. (1999). Executive compensation. In O. Ashenfelter & D. Card (Eds.), Handbook of labor economics (pp. 2485–2563). Amsterdam: Oxford/Elsevier.CrossRef
go back to reference O’Sullivan, N. (2005). Why do executives serve as non–executives? Pre–Cadbury evidence from UK non–financial companies. Accounting and Business Research, 35(2), 161–176.CrossRef O’Sullivan, N. (2005). Why do executives serve as non–executives? Pre–Cadbury evidence from UK non–financial companies. Accounting and Business Research, 35(2), 161–176.CrossRef
go back to reference Office for National Statistics. (2006). Regional, sub–regional, and local gross value added. London: Office for National Statistics. Office for National Statistics. (2006). Regional, sub–regional, and local gross value added. London: Office for National Statistics.
go back to reference Rajgopal, S., & Shevlin, T. (2002). Empirical evidence on the relation between stock option compensation and risk taking. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), 145–171.CrossRef Rajgopal, S., & Shevlin, T. (2002). Empirical evidence on the relation between stock option compensation and risk taking. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 33(2), 145–171.CrossRef
go back to reference Ryan, H. E., Jr., & Wiggins, R. A., III. (2004). Who is in whose pocket? Director compensation, board independence, and barriers to effective monitoring. Journal of Financial Economics, 73(3), 497–524.CrossRef Ryan, H. E., Jr., & Wiggins, R. A., III. (2004). Who is in whose pocket? Director compensation, board independence, and barriers to effective monitoring. Journal of Financial Economics, 73(3), 497–524.CrossRef
go back to reference Sealy, R., Vinnicombe, S., & Singh, V. (2008). The female FTSE index and report 2008: A decade of delay, Cranfield School of Management Sealy, R., Vinnicombe, S., & Singh, V. (2008). The female FTSE index and report 2008: A decade of delay, Cranfield School of Management
go back to reference Tosi, H. L., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (1994). CEO compensation monitoring and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 1002–1016.CrossRef Tosi, H. L., & Gomez-Mejia, L. R. (1994). CEO compensation monitoring and firm performance. Academy of Management Journal, 37(4), 1002–1016.CrossRef
go back to reference Treasury Committee. (2010). Too important to fail–too important to ignore. London: HM Treasury. Treasury Committee. (2010). Too important to fail–too important to ignore. London: HM Treasury.
go back to reference Tyson, L. D. A. (2003). The Tyson report on the recruitment and development of non–executive directors. London: London Business School. Tyson, L. D. A. (2003). The Tyson report on the recruitment and development of non–executive directors. London: London Business School.
go back to reference Walker, D. (2009). A review of corporate governance in UK banks and other financial industry entities: Final recommendations. London: HM Treasury. Walker, D. (2009). A review of corporate governance in UK banks and other financial industry entities: Final recommendations. London: HM Treasury.
go back to reference Yermack, D. (1996). Higher market valuation of companies with a small board of directors. Journal of Financial Economics, 40(2), 185–211.CrossRef Yermack, D. (1996). Higher market valuation of companies with a small board of directors. Journal of Financial Economics, 40(2), 185–211.CrossRef
go back to reference Yermack, D. (2004). Remuneration, retention, and reputation incentives for outside directors. Journal of Finance, 59(5), 2281–2308.CrossRef Yermack, D. (2004). Remuneration, retention, and reputation incentives for outside directors. Journal of Finance, 59(5), 2281–2308.CrossRef
go back to reference Young, S. (2000). The increasing use of non–executive directors: Its impact on UK board structure and governance arrangements. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 27(9), 1311–1342.CrossRef Young, S. (2000). The increasing use of non–executive directors: Its impact on UK board structure and governance arrangements. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, 27(9), 1311–1342.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Directors in Banks: Compensation and Characteristics
Authors
Lisa Goh
Aditi Gupta
Copyright Year
2012
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31579-4_8