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27-04-2018 | Paper

Distribution and migration mechanism of fluoride in groundwater in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China

Authors: Yalei Liu, Menggui Jin, Bin Ma, Jianjun Wang

Published in: Hydrogeology Journal | Issue 5/2018

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Abstract

Elevated fluoride (F) concentration in groundwater is posing a public health risk in the Manas River Basin (MRB), Northwest China. Based on the characterization of regional groundwater flow, 90 groundwater samples from aquifers were analyzed, along with top-soil leachate and pore-water samples from aquitards. Stable oxygen (δ¹⁸O) and hydrogen isotopes, radiocarbon and hydrochemical analyses of the groundwater and pore-water samples were conducted to trace groundwater hydrological and hydrochemical processes and thereby understand the distribution and migration mechanism of F. The groundwater is recharged by meteoric precipitation through vapor condensation processes in the Tianshan Mountains. The F concentration in groundwater samples from this basin ranged from 0.11 to 48.15 mg/L (mean 2.56 mg/L). In 37 of the 90 groundwater samples, the F concentrations were above the safe level for drinking water. The F concentrations progressively increased with the residence time and well depths in the northwest of the alluvial-fluvial plain, where groundwater is overexploited for agricultural and domestic use. Positive correlations between F and sodium (Na)/calcium (Ca) indicate that the enrichment and migration of F are influenced by cation exchange processes under high-Na and alkaline pH conditions. The relationships between δ¹⁸O and F and chloride (Cl) concentrations were nonlinear due to leaching and mixing processes. This shows that vertical leaching by irrigation return flow and mixing with pore water are the dominant processes driving the migration of F in the groundwater flow system of MRB, in addition to geochemical processes.

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Title: Distribution and migration mechanism of fluoride in groundwater in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China
Authors: Yalei Liu
Menggui Jin
Bin Ma
Jianjun Wang
Publication date: 27-04-2018
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Hydrogeology Journal / Issue 5/2018
Print ISSN: 1431-2174
Electronic ISSN: 1435-0157
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-018-1780-8

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