6. Economics in the European Peripheries

This chapter deals with economics in some European countries which represent, beyond the centers of Cambridge, Lausanne, Berlin, and Vienna, the peripheries of economic theory in the rest of Europe. Here, the theoretical thinking in economics is connected in different ways with that of the centers. It made important advances in Sweden with the work of Knut Wicksell, in the field of capital theory and monetary economics, and, to a lesser extent, Gustav Cassel. Elsewhere in Europe, economic thinking was, at the theoretical level, less original. However, to appreciate the heterogeneity and relevance of European economics as a whole in this period, three other countries are mentioned in the chapter: Italy above all, with economists like Maffeo Pantaleoni and Luigi Einaudi, followed by France and Russia.