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28-01-2022 | Advanced Nanomaterials

Effect of calcination temperature on electrochemical performance of niobium oxides/carbon composites

Authors: Haojie Fei, Natalia Kazantseva, Viera Pechancova, Marek Jurca, David Skoda, Michal Urbanek, Pavel Urbanek, Michal Machovsky, Nikola Bugarova, Petr Saha

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 18/2022

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Abstract

Orthorhombic niobium pentoxide (T-Nb₂O₅) possesses an intercalation pseudocapacitive behavior, which is a promising candidate of high-rate anodes for Li-ion capacitors. However, its low electric conductivity hinders the realization of this property. In our study, niobium oxides/carbon composites were prepared by calcinating a niobium peroxo-PAA complex (NbPAA) precursor to improve the electric conductivity. It has been found that the calcination temperature played an important role on the chemical compositions of obtained composites. A reduction phenomenon of niobium oxides by carbon was observed at high temperatures. At the medium temperature of 900 °C, the sample was composed of T-Nb₂O₅, monoclinic Nb₂O₅ (M-Nb₂O₅), amorphous carbon and niobium dioxide (NbO₂). Due to the high conductivity of carbon, semi-conductivity of NbO₂, and high specific capacity of M-Nb₂O_5, this sample exhibits a good specific capacity of 142 mAh g⁻¹ (0.25 C) and a high-rate capability (capacity retention of 33.1%, 0.25 C to 25 C). It could be used as one of high-rate anodes for Li-ion capacitors.

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Title: Effect of calcination temperature on electrochemical performance of niobium oxides/carbon composites
Authors: Haojie Fei
Natalia Kazantseva
Viera Pechancova
Marek Jurca
David Skoda
Michal Urbanek
Pavel Urbanek
Michal Machovsky
Nikola Bugarova
Petr Saha
Publication date: 28-01-2022
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Materials Science / Issue 18/2022
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-06931-4

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