Top

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance

Published in:

01-06-2012

Effect of Welding Parameters and Aging Process on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir-Welded 6063-T4 Al Alloy

Authors: Alaaddin Toktaş, Gülcan Toktaş

Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance | Issue 6/2012

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

6063-T4 Al alloy was friction stir welded at various tool rotations (800, 1120, and 1600 rpm) and welding speeds (200 and 315 mm/min) using a specially manufactured tool with a height-adjustable and right-hand-threaded pin. The postweld aging process (at 185 °C for 7 h) was applied to a group of the welded plates. In this study, the effects of the welding parameters and the postweld aging treatment on the microstructural and mechanical properties of 6063-T4 Al alloy were studied. The maximum weld temperatures during the welding process were recorded, and the fracture surfaces of tensile specimens were examined using a scanning electron microscope. The homogeneous hardness profiles were obtained for all the weldings with no trace of softening regions. It was observed that the ultimate tensile strengths (UTS) increased slightly (on average by approx. 8%) and the percent elongations decreased (on average by approx. 33%) by the postweld aging treatment. The maximum bending forces (F _max) of all the welds were less than that of the base metal. It was observed that the F _max values increased after the postweld aging process at the welding speed of 315 mm/min and decreased at the welding speed of 200 mm/min.

previous article Optimizing Friction Stir Welding via Statistical Design of Tool Geometry and Process Parameters

next article Laser Surface Cladding of Plastic-Molded Steel 718H by CoCrMo Alloy

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

S. Hong, S. Kim, C.G. Lee, and S.J. Kim, Fatigue Crack Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Al-Mg-Si Alloy, Scripta Mater., 2006, 55(11), p 1007–1010CrossRef

Y.S. Sato and H. Kokawa, Distribution of Tensile Property and Microstructure in Friction Stir Weld of 6063 Aluminum, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, 32(12), p 3023–3031CrossRef

R.S. Mishra and Z.Y. Ma, Friction Stir Welding and Processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. R, 2005, 50(1–2), p 1–78CrossRef

C.G. Rhodes, M.W. Mahoney, and W.H. Bingel, Effects of Friction Stir Welding on Microstructure of 7075 Aluminum, Scripta Mater., 1997, 36(1), p 69–75CrossRef

A. Barcellona, G. Bufa, L. Fratini, and D. Palmeri, On Microstructural Phenomena Occurring in Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys, J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 2006, 177(1–3), p 340–343CrossRef

C. Meran, The Joint Properties of Brass Plates by Friction Stir Welding, Mater. Des., 2006, 27(9), p 719–726CrossRef

X.K. Zhu and Y.J. Chao, Numerical Simulation of Transient Temperature and Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welding of 304L Stainless Steel, J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 2004, 146(2), p 263–272CrossRef

C.M. Chen and R. Kovacevic, Finite Element Modelling of Friction Stir Welding-Thermal and Thermomechanical Analysis, Int. J. Mach. Tools Manuf., 2003, 43(13), p 1319–1326CrossRef

C. Genevois, A. Deschamps, A. Denquin, and B. Doisneau-cottignies, Quantitative Investigation of Precipitation and Mechanical Behaviour for AA 2024 Friction Stir Welds, Acta Mater., 2005, 53(8), p 2447–2458CrossRef

10.

J.-Q. Su, T.W. Nelson, R. Mishra, and M. Mahoney, Microstructural Investigation of Friction Stir Welded 7050-T651 Aluminium, Acta Mater., 2003, 51(3), p 713–729CrossRef

11.

Y.S. Sato, H. Kokawa, M. Enomoto, and S. Jogan, Microstructural Evolution of 6063 Aluminum During Friction-Stir Welding, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, 30(9), p 2429–2437CrossRef

12.

B. Heinz and B. Skrotzki, Characterization of a Friction-Stir-Welded Aluminum Alloy 6013, Metall. Mater. Trans. B, 2002, 33(3), p 489–498CrossRef

13.

A. Toktaş, “The Application of Friction Stir Welding on AA 6063 Aluminium Alloys and Investigating the Effect of the Welding Parameters on the Materials Microstructure and the Mechanical Properties,” Ph.D. thesis, Balıkesir University, Institute of Science, 2006

14.

K. Elangovan, V. Balasubramanian, and S. Babu, Predicting Tensile Strength of Friction Stir Welded AA6061 Aluminium Alloy Joints by a Mathematical Model, Mater. Des., 2009, 30(1), p 188–193CrossRef

15.

S. Rajakumar, C. Muralidharan, and V. Balasubramanian, Influence of Friction Stir Welding Process and Tool Parameters on Strength Properties of AA7075-T6 Aluminium Alloy Joints, Mater. Des., 2011, 32(2), p 535–549CrossRef

16.

M.S. Han, S.J. Lee, J.C. Park, S.C. Ko, Y.B. Woo, and S.J. Kim, Optimum Condition by Mechanical Characteristic Evaluation in Friction Stir Welding for 5083-0 Al Alloy, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 2009, 19(s1), p 17–22CrossRef

17.

Destructive Tests on Welds in Metallic Materials-Transverse Tensile Test, TS 287 EN 895, April 1996

18.

T. Khaled, An Outsider Looks at Friction Stir Welding, Report: ANM-112N-05-06, July 2005

19.

W. Deqing, L. Shuhua, and C. Zhaoxia, Study of Friction Stir Welding of Aluminum, J. Mater. Sci., 2004, 39(5), p 1689–1693CrossRef

20.

G. Liu, L.E. Murr, C.S. Niou, J.C. McClure, and F.R. Vega, Microstructural Aspects of the Friction Stir Welding of 6061-T6 Aluminum, Scripta Mater., 1997, 37(3), p 355–361CrossRef

21.

W. Xu, J. Liu, G. Luan, and C. Dong, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints in 2219-T6 Aluminum Alloy, Mater. Des., 2009, 30(9), p 3460–3467CrossRef

22.

Y.S. Sato, M. Urata, and H. Kokawa, Parameters Controlling Microstructure and Hardness During Friction-Stir Welding of Precipitation-Hardenable Aluminum Alloy 6063, Metal. Mater. Trans. A, 2002, 33(3), p 625–635CrossRef

23.

T.L. Dickerson and J. Przydatek, Fatigue of Friction Stir Welds in Aluminium Alloys That Contain Root Flaws, Int. J. Fatigue, 2003, 25(12), p 1399–1409CrossRef

24.

Y.S. Sato, F. Yamashita, Y. Sugiura, S.H.C. Park, and H. Kokawa, FIB-Assisted TEM Study of an Oxide Array in the Root of a Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy, Scripta Mater., 2004, 50(3), p 365–369CrossRef

25.

Y.S. Sato, S.H.C. Park, and H. Kokawa, Microstructural Factors Governing Hardness in Friction Stir Welds of Solid-Solution-Hardened Al Alloys, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, 32(12), p 3033–3042CrossRef

26.

D.M. Rodrigues, A. Loureiro, C. Leitao, R.M. Leal, B.M. Chaparro, and P. Vilaça, Influence of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on the Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of AA 6016-T4 Thin Welds, Mater. Des., 2009, 30(6), p 1913–1921CrossRef

27.

X.-G. Chen, M. da Silva, P. Gougeon, and L. St-Georges, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded AA6063-B4C Metal Matrix Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2005, 518(1–2), p 174–184

28.

E. Cerri and P. Leo, Warm and Room Temperature Deformation of Friction Stir Welded Thin Aluminium Sheets, Mater. Des., 2010, 31(3), p 1392–1402CrossRef

29.

P.M.G.P. Moreira, F.M.F. de Oliveira, and P.M.S.T. de Castro, Fatigue Behaviour of Notched Specimens of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy 6063-T6, J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 2008, 207(1–3), p 283–292CrossRef

30.

S. Lim, S. Kim, C.G. Lee, and S. Kim, Tensile Behavior of Friction-Stir-Welded Al 6061-T651, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2004, 35(9), p 2829–2835CrossRef

31.

M. Ericsson and R. Sandstrom, Influence of Welding Speed on the Fatigue of Friction Stir Welds and Comparison with MIG and TIG, Int. J. Fatigue, 2003, 25(12), p 1379–1387CrossRef

32.

P.M.G.P. Moreira, T. Santos, S.M.O. Tavares, V. Richter-Trummer, P. Vilaça, and P.M.S.T. de Castro, Mechanical and Metallurgical Characterization of Friction Stir Welding Joints of AA6061-T6 with AA6082-T6, Mater. Des., 2009, 30(1), p 180–187CrossRef

33.

K. Elangovan and V. Balasubramanian, Influences of Tool Pin Profile and Welding Speed on the Formation of Friction Stir Processing Zone in AA2219 Aluminium Alloy, J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 2008, 200(1–3), p 163–175CrossRef

34.

L. Huijie, H. Fujii, M. Maeda, and K. Nogi, Tensile Properties and Fracture Locations of Friction-Stir Welded Joints of 6061-T6 Aluminum Alloy, J. Mater. Sci. Lett., 2003, 22(15), p 1061–1063CrossRef

35.

H. Aydın, A. Bayram, A. Uğuz, and K.S. Akay, Tensile Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints of 2024 Aluminum Alloys in Different Heat-Treated-State, Mater. Des., 2009, 30(6), p 2211–2221CrossRef

36.

W.M. Thomas and E.D. Nicholas, Friction Stir Welding for the Transportation Industries, Mater. Des., 1997, 18(4), p 269–273CrossRef

Title: Effect of Welding Parameters and Aging Process on the Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir-Welded 6063-T4 Al Alloy
Authors: Alaaddin Toktaş
Gülcan Toktaş
Publication date: 01-06-2012
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance / Issue 6/2012
Print ISSN: 1059-9495
Electronic ISSN: 1544-1024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-011-9994-0

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Technik"

Other articles of this Issue 6/2012

DSC Study on Phase Transitions and Their Correlation with Properties of Overaged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys

Fatigue Behavior of Thin Sheets of DP590 Dual-Phase Steel

Resistivity Distribution of Multicrystalline Silicon Ingot Grown by Directional Solidification

Preparation and Thermal Conductivity of Dy2Ce2O7 Ceramic Material

Influence of Cell Shape Anisotropy on the Compressive Property of Closed-Cell Al-Si Alloy Foam

A Comparative Study on Nd:YAG Laser Cutting of Steel and Stainless Steel Using Continuous, Square, and Sine Waveforms

Premium Partners