8. Engine Performance and Emissions of Fuels from Waste Products for Sustainable Environment

Recycling waste products is necessary to sustain the environment without being polluted. This chapter includes the recycling of vegetable waste, fruit waste, plastic waste and engine oil waste to produce alcohol, pyrolysis plastic oil and treated waste engine oil. Various proportions of these fuels are blended with diesel and tested for solubility. The properties of the fuel blends are found as per the guidelines of ASTM standards. By comparing the properties such as cetane number, energy content and kinematic viscosity considering diesel fuel as base, competent blends are chosen. Performance, combustion and emissions of fully instrumented CI engine is performed by fueling the chosen blends under various brake powers. Results of the properties test indicates that the blends containing 15% bioethanol, 85% of diesel along with pyrolised plastic oil of 20% (BE15RPO20); pyrolised plastic oil of 75% along with 25% of biobutanol (RPO75BB25); treated waste engine oil 20% along with 15% of bioethanol and 85% of diesel (BE15PWEO20); treated waste engine oil 75 and 25% biobutanol (PWEO75BB25) are found to be competent. Out of the four, the two blends containing 15% bioethanol are found to be producing 5.6% higher thermal efficiency. Other two blends are producing 0.7 and 1.7% higher thermal efficiencies. All the four blends produce 6–10% low emissions of oxides of nitrogen at higher brake power higher than 70%. However, the emissions at lowest brake power are found to be marginally higher. This replaces around 80% of diesel fuel for fueling CI engines, thereby decreases pollution to environment.