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07-01-2020 | Paper

Estimating impacts of water-table depth on groundwater evaporation and recharge using lysimeter measurement data and bromide tracer

Authors: Siyuan Huo, Menggui Jin, Xing Liang, Xiang Li, Hongbo Hao

Published in: Hydrogeology Journal | Issue 3/2020

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Abstract

The presented study evaluates the effect of water-table depth on groundwater evaporation (E_g) and recharge (R_g) when they occurred alternately. A lysimeter experiment incorporating a 1-year-long bromide tracer test was conducted under conditions with a range of maintained water-table depths. The results revealed that both the R_g and E_g decreased as the water table fell, until it was down to the extinction depth of groundwater evaporation (EDGE, 2.4 m). The annual quantity of R_g started to be stable at 100 mm when the water table was below the EDGE, since the maximum soil-water deficit no longer increased. When the water table was above the EDGE, R_g and E_g restricted each other and thus occurred alternately; in the wet season, >68% of the annual R_g occurred, with only <10% of the annual E_g. The fast response of the soil-water potential to irrigation and soil evaporation tended to make the gradient of the whole potential profile unidirectional when the water table was shallow, which promoted both R_g and E_g. Taking soil evaporation, R_g and E_g into account, the inversely calculated position of the bromide concentration peak was close to the actual position, suggesting that bromide tracer is effective for tracing the complicated processes of the unsaturated zone flow when R_g and E_g occur alternately. The study improved understanding of the way that the water table affects R_g and E_g in the shallow groundwater area and proved that bromide tracer would be an innovative technique to estimate E_g.

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Title: Estimating impacts of water-table depth on groundwater evaporation and recharge using lysimeter measurement data and bromide tracer
Authors: Siyuan Huo
Menggui Jin
Xing Liang
Xiang Li
Hongbo Hao
Publication date: 07-01-2020
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Hydrogeology Journal / Issue 3/2020
Print ISSN: 1431-2174
Electronic ISSN: 1435-0157
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-019-02098-6

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