Top

Sexuality Research and Social Policy

Published in:

12-07-2016

Evidence of Validity of the Beliefs About Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families Scale

Authors: Dolores Frias-Navarro, Laura Badenes-Ribera, Hector Monterde-i-Bort

Published in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy | Issue 2/2017

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config

AI-assisted search

Off

Abstract

The aim of the study is to provide evidence about the validity and reliability of the Beliefs about Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families Scale. The scale identifies two types of rejection of same-sex parenting: individual opposition and normative opposition. Individual opposition identifies opinions involving open and more aggressive rejection toward the effects of the child-rearing and educational practices of same-sex parents. The attribution of the children’s possible psychological difficulties and maladjustments is directly linked to the sexual orientation of the same-sex parents. Normative opposition identifies beliefs and opinions linked to everyday heterosexism that are present in our society and represent a subtle form of heterosexism. The scale was administrated to 326 Spanish heterosexual university students. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor structure. The findings showed that personal contact inversely correlates with the rejection of same-sex parents, the etiology of the homosexual orientation correlates with rejection of same-sex parents when the belief is that homosexuality is learned, and supporting the civil rights of gay people also correlates with rejection of same-sex parents. These findings can be useful in planning variables for intervention programs designed to foster the tolerance and normality of sexual and family diversity.

previous article Italian Validation of the Queer/Liberationist Scale (Short Version) in a Sample of University Students: Confirmatory Factor Analysis

next article Testing the Validity and Factor Structure of the Willingness to Engage in Consensual Non-Monogamy Scale Among College Men and Women

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Available only for authorised users

Babakus, E., Ferguson, C. E., & Jöreskog, K. G. (1987). The sensitivity of confirmatory factor maximum likelihood factor analysis to violations of measurement scale and distributional assumptions. Journal of Marketing Research, 24, 222–228. doi:10.2307/3151512.CrossRef

Baiocco, R., Nardelli, N., Pezzuti, L., & Lingiardi, V. (2013). Attitudes of italian heterosexual older adults towards lesbian and gay parenting. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 10, 285–292. doi:10.1007/s13178-013-0129-2.CrossRef

Barrientos, J., Cardenas, M., Gomez, F., & Frias-Navarro, D. (2013). Assessing the dimensionality of Beliefs about Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families Scale (BCASSFS) in Chile. Sexuality Research & Social Policy, 10, 43–51. doi:10.1007/s13178-012-0107-0.CrossRef

Barrientos-Delgado, J., Frias-Navarro, D., Badenes-Ribera, L., & Longobardi, C. (2016). Beliefs About Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families (BCASSFS): confirmatory factor analysis in Italy. Río de Janeiro: 2nd LGBT Psychology and Related Fields. 8–11 March.

Barth, J., & Parry, J. (2009). 2 > 1 + 1? The impact of contact with gay and lesbian couples on attitudes about gay/lesbians and gay-related policies. Politics & Policy, 37, 31–50. doi:10.1111/j.1747-1346.2007.00160.x.CrossRef

Bartoş, S. E., Berger, I., & Hegarty, P. (2014). Interventions to reduce sexual prejudice: a study-space analysis and meta-analytic review. Journal of Sex Research, 51, 363–382. doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.871625.CrossRefPubMed

Cardenas, M., Barrientos, J., Gomez, F., & Frias-Navarro, D. (2012). Attitudes toward gay men and lesbians and their relationship with gender role beliefs in a sample of Chilean university students. International Journal of sexual Health, 24, 226–236. doi:10.1080/19317611.2012.700687.CrossRef

Case, K. A., & Stewart, B. (2010). Changes in diversity course student prejudice and attitudes toward heterosexual privilege and gay marriage. Teaching of Psychology, 37, 172–177. doi:10.1080/00986283.2010.488555.CrossRef

Cicchetti, D. V. (1994). Guidelines, criteria, and rules of thumb for evaluating normed and standardized assessment instruments in psychology. Psychological Assessment, 6, 284–290. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.6.4.284.CrossRef

Clark-Carter, D. (2009). Quantitative psychological research: the complete student’s companion (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Psychology Press.

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Costa, P. A., Pereira, H., & Leal, I. (2015). “The contact hypothesis” and attitudes toward same-sex parenting. Sexuality Research & Social Policy, 12, 125–136. doi:10.1007/s13178-014-0171-8.CrossRef

Finney, S. J., & DiStefano, C. (2006). Non-normal and categorical data in SEM. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Mueller (Eds.), Structural equation modeling: a second course (pp. 269–314). Greenwich: Information Age Publishing.

Frias-Navarro, D. (2009a). Beliefs About Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families Scale [database record]. Retrieved from PsycTESTS. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/t40229-000.

Frias-Navarro, D. (2009b). Opinions About the Rights of Individuals With a Homosexual Sexual Orientation (ORHSO). Spain: University of Valencia. Retrieved from http://www.uv.es/∼friasnav/FriasNavarroORHSOspain.

Frias-Navarro, D. (2009c). Scale of Beliefs About the Etiology of Sexual Orientation (BESO). Spain: University of Valencia. Retrieved from http://www.uv.es/friasnav/FriasNavarroBESOspain.

Frias-Navarro, D., & Monterde-i-Bort, H. (2012). A scale on beliefs about children’s adjustment in same-sex families: reliability and validity. Journal of Homosexuality, 59, 1273–1288. doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.720505.

Frias-Navarro, D., Barrientos Delgado, J., Badenes Ribera, L., Monterde-i-Bort, H., & Cardenas- Castro, M. (2013). Sex differences in sexual prejudice. Contact as mediator variable. European Journal of Child Development Education and Psychopathology, 1, 45–58. doi:10.1989%2Fejpad.v1i1.5.

Frias-Navarro, D., Monterde-i-Bort, H., Barrientos Delgado, J., Badenes Ribera, L., & Cardenas Castro, M. (2014). Beliefs about Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families: Spanish and Chilean university students. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17, 1–9. doi:10.1017/sjp.2014.5.CrossRef

Frias-Navarro, D., Monterde-i-Bort, H., Pascual-Soler, M., & Badenes-Ribera, L. (2015). Etiology of homosexuality and attitudes toward same-sex parenting: results from a randomized study. Journal of Sex Research, 52, 151–161. doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.802757.CrossRefPubMed

Gato, J., & Fontaine, A. M. (2013). Anticipation of the sexual and gender development of children adopted by same-sex couples. International Journal of Psychology, 48, 244–253. doi:10.1080/00207594.2011.645484.CrossRefPubMed

Gato, J., & Fontaine, A. M. (2016). Attitudes toward adoption by same-sex couples: effects of gender of the participant, sexual orientation of the couple, and gender of the child. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 12, 46–67. doi:10.1080/1550428X.2015.1049771.CrossRef

Gerhards, J. (2010). Non-discrimination towards homosexuality: the European Union’s policy and citizens’ attitudes towards homosexuality in 27 European countries. International Sociology, 25, 5–28. doi:10.1177/0268580909346704.CrossRef

Goldstein, S. B., & Davis, D. S. (2010). Heterosexual allies: a descriptive profile. Equity & Excellence in Education, 43, 478–494. doi:10.1080/10665684.2010.505464.CrossRef

Gomez, F., & Barrientos, J. (2012). Efectos del prejuicio sexual en la salud mental de gays y lesbianas, en la ciudad de antofagasta, Chile. Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad, 10, 100–123. doi:10.1590/S1984-64872012000400005.

Haider-Markel, D. P., & Joslyn, M. R. (2005). Attributions and the regulation of marriage: considering the parallels between race and homosexuality. PS: Political Science and Politics, 38, 233–239. doi:10.1017/S1049096505056362.

Haider-Markel, D. P., & Joslyn, M. R. (2008). Beliefs about the origins of homosexuality and support for gay rights: an empirical test of attribution theory. Public Opinion Quarterly, 72, 291–310. doi:10.1093/poq/nfn015.

Herek, G. M. (1988). Heterosexuals’ attitudes toward lesbians and gay men: correlates and gender differences. Journal of Sex Research, 25, 451–477. doi:10.1080/00224498809551476.CrossRef

Herek, G. M. (2009). Sexual stigma and sexual prejudice in the United States: a conceptual framework. In D. A. Hope (Ed.), Contemporary perspectives on lesbian, gay, and bisexual identities: the 54th Nebraska Symposium on Motivation (pp. 65–111). New York: Springer. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-09556-1.CrossRef

Herek, G. M., & Capitanio, J. P. (1996). “Some of My Best friends”: intergroup contact, concealable stigma, and heterosexuals’ attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22, 412–424. doi:10.1177/0146167296224007.CrossRef

Hollekim, R., Slaatten, H., & Anderssen, N. (2012). A nation wide study of Norwegian beliefs about same-sex marriage and lesbian and gay parenthood. Sex Research and Social Policy, 9, 15–30. doi:10.1007/s13178-011-0049-y.CrossRef

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cut-off criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118.CrossRef

Hutchinson, S. R., & Olmos, A. (1998). Behavior of descriptive fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis using ordered categorical data. Structural Equation Modeling, 5, 344–364. doi:10.1080/10705519809540111.CrossRef

Jennings, S., Mellish, L., Tasker, F., Lamb, M., & Golombok, S. (2014). Why adoption? Gay, lesbian and heterosexual adoptive parents’ reproductive experiences and reasons for adoption. Adoption Quarterly, 17, 205–226. doi:10.1080/10926755.201.891549.CrossRef

Kline, R. (1998). Principles and practice of structural equations modelling. London: Guilford Press.

Kline, R. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equations modelling (2nd ed.). London: Guilford Press.

Massey, S. G. (2007). Sexism, heterosexism, and attributions about undesirable behavior in children of gay, lesbian, and heterosexual participants. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 3, 457–483. doi:10.1300/J461v03n04_05.CrossRef

Massey, S. G., Merriwether, A. M., & Garcia, J. R. (2013). Modern prejudice and same-sex parenting: judgments in positive and negative parenting situations. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 9, 129–151. doi:10.1080/1550428X.2013.765257.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Morrison, M. A., & Morrison, T. G. (2003). Development and validation of a scale measuring modern prejudice toward gay men and lesbians. Journal of Homosexuality, 43, 15–37. doi:10.1300/J082v43n02_02.CrossRef

Morrison, M. A., & Morrison, T. G. (2011). Sexual orientation bias toward gay men and lesbian women: modern homonegative attitudes and their association with discriminatory behavioral intentions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41, 2573–2599. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00838.x.CrossRef

Morrison, M. A., Morrison, T. G., & Franklin, R. (2009). Modern and old-fashioned homonegativity among samples of Canadian and American university students. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40, 523–542. doi:10.1177/0022022109335053.CrossRef

Morse, C. N., McLaren, S., & McLachlan, A. J. (2007). The attitudes of Australian heterosexuals toward same-sex parents. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 3, 425–455. doi:10.1300/J461v03n04_04.CrossRef

Oldham, J. D., & Kasser, T. (1999). Attitude change in response to information that male homosexuality has a biological basis. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 25, 121–124. doi:10.1080/00926239908403984.

Pettigrew, T. F., & Tropp, L. R. (2006). A Meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 90, 751–783. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.751

Piskur, J., & Degelman, D. (1992). Effects of reading a summary of research about biological bases of homosexual orientation and attitudes toward homosexuals. Psychological Reports, 71, 9–25.CrossRef

Pratarelli, M. E., & Donaldson, J. S. (1997). Immediate effects of written material on attitudes toward homosexuality. Psychological Reports, 81, 1411–1415.CrossRefPubMed

Rothbart, M., & John, O. P. (1985). Social categorization and behavioral episodes: cognitive analysis of the effects of intergroup contact. Journal of Social Issues, 41, 81–104. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1985.tb01130.x.CrossRef

Schiappa, E., Gregg, P. B., & Hewes, D. E. (2006). Can one TV show make a difference? Will & grace and the parasocial contact hypothesis. Journal of Homosexuality, 51, 15–37. doi:10.1300/J082v51n04_02.CrossRefPubMed

Schwartz, J. (2010). Investigating differences in public support for gay rights issues. Journal of Homosexuality, 27, 748–759. doi:10.1080/00918369.2010.485875.CrossRef

Steiger, J. H., & Lind, C. (1980). Statistically based tests for the number of common factors. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Psychometric Society, Iowa City, IA

Swank, E., & Raiz, L. (2010). Predicting the support of same-sex relationship rights among social work students. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Social Services, 22, 149–164. doi:10.1080/10538720903332552.CrossRef

Tanaka, J. S. (1993). Multifaceted conceptions of fit in structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen (Ed.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 10–39). Newbury Park: Sage.

Ullman, J. B. (1996). Structural equation modeling. In B. Tabachnick & L. Fidell (Eds.), Using multivariate statistics (pp. 709–812). New York: HarperCollins.

Webb, S. N., & Chonody, J. (2014). Heterosexual attitudes toward same-sex marriage: the influence of attitudes toward same-sex parenting. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 10, 404–421. doi:10.1080/1550428X.2013.832644.CrossRef

Weiner, B. (1995). Judgments of responsibility: a foundation for a theory of social conduct. New York: Guilford.

Weiner, B., Perry, R. P., & Magnusson, J. (1988). An attributional analysis of reactions to stigmas. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 738–748. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.55.5.738.

Whitley, B. E., & Kite, M. E. (2010). The psychology of prejudice and discrimination. Belmont: Wadsworth.

Title: Evidence of Validity of the Beliefs About Children’s Adjustment in Same-Sex Families Scale
Authors: Dolores Frias-Navarro
Laura Badenes-Ribera
Hector Monterde-i-Bort
Publication date: 12-07-2016
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Sexuality Research and Social Policy / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1868-9884
Electronic ISSN: 1553-6610
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-016-0246-9

Springer Professional

Abstract

Please log in to get access to your license.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Other articles of this Issue 2/2017

Hidden Rainbows: Gay Bars as Safe Havens in a Socially Conservative Area Since the Pulse Nightclub Massacre

Towards Bi-Inclusive Policies: Suggestions Based on Research on Dutch Same-Sex Attracted Young People

Italian Validation of the Queer/Liberationist Scale (Short Version) in a Sample of University Students: Confirmatory Factor Analysis

Impact of Civil Marriage Recognition for Long-Term Same-Sex Couples

Sexual Health Education Topics in Schools: Inclusion and Timing Preferences of a Sample of Southern U.S. College Students

College Students, Sexualities Identities, and Participation in Political Marches