Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 1/2018

03-10-2016 | ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Examination of the influence of dissolved halite (NaCl) on the leaching of lead (Pb) from cement-based solidified wastes

Authors: Constantin Bobirică, David T. Long, Matthew J. Parsons, Rodica Stănescu, Thomas C. Voice

Published in: Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management | Issue 1/2018

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The leaching of lead from cement-based solidified waste forms mixed at different water/cement ratios was studied by conducting equilibrium and semi-dynamic leaching tests using deionized water and sodium chloride solutions. The results suggest that leaching of the primary constituents of the cement (calcium, silicon and sulfate) is controlled by solubility equilibria, with increased leaching into chloride solutions due to ionic strength effects. The original porosity of the waste forms increased with water/cement ratio and chloride solutions further increased it as a result of decalcification. Lead leaching was generally low, and appears to be a transport-controlled process, such that leaching correlates positively with porosity.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Mijno V, Catalan LJJ, Martin F, Bollinger JC (2004) Compositional changes in cement-stabilized waste during leach tests-comparison of SEM/EDX data with predictions from geochemical speciation modeling. J Colloid Interface Sci 280:465–477CrossRef Mijno V, Catalan LJJ, Martin F, Bollinger JC (2004) Compositional changes in cement-stabilized waste during leach tests-comparison of SEM/EDX data with predictions from geochemical speciation modeling. J Colloid Interface Sci 280:465–477CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Wiles CC, Barth E (1992) Solidification/stabilization: Is it always appropriate? In: Gilliam TM, Wiles CC (eds) Stabilization and solidification of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes. American Society for Testing Materials, Philadelphia, pp 18–32CrossRef Wiles CC, Barth E (1992) Solidification/stabilization: Is it always appropriate? In: Gilliam TM, Wiles CC (eds) Stabilization and solidification of hazardous, radioactive, and mixed wastes. American Society for Testing Materials, Philadelphia, pp 18–32CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Yousuf M, Mollah A, Vempati RK, Lin TC, Coche DL (1995) The interfacial chemistry of solidification/stabilization of metals in cement and pozzolanic material systems. Waste Manag 14:137–148CrossRef Yousuf M, Mollah A, Vempati RK, Lin TC, Coche DL (1995) The interfacial chemistry of solidification/stabilization of metals in cement and pozzolanic material systems. Waste Manag 14:137–148CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Chen QY, Tyrer M, Hills CD, Yang XM, Carey P (2009) Immobilization of heavy metals in cement-based solidification/stabilization: a review. Waste Manag 29:390–403CrossRef Chen QY, Tyrer M, Hills CD, Yang XM, Carey P (2009) Immobilization of heavy metals in cement-based solidification/stabilization: a review. Waste Manag 29:390–403CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Stegemann JA, Buenfeld NR (2002) Prediction of leachate pH for cement paste containing pure metal compounds. J Hazard Mater 90:168–188CrossRef Stegemann JA, Buenfeld NR (2002) Prediction of leachate pH for cement paste containing pure metal compounds. J Hazard Mater 90:168–188CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Means JL, Smith LA, Nehring KW, Brauning SW, Gavaskar AR, Sass BM, Wiles CC, Mashni CI (1995) The application of solidification/stabilization to waste materials. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton Means JL, Smith LA, Nehring KW, Brauning SW, Gavaskar AR, Sass BM, Wiles CC, Mashni CI (1995) The application of solidification/stabilization to waste materials. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton
7.
go back to reference Klich I, Batchelor B, Wilding LP, Drees LR (1999) Mineralogical alterations that affect the durability and metals containment of aged solidified and stabilized wastes. Cement Concrete Res 29:1433–1440CrossRef Klich I, Batchelor B, Wilding LP, Drees LR (1999) Mineralogical alterations that affect the durability and metals containment of aged solidified and stabilized wastes. Cement Concrete Res 29:1433–1440CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Campbell KM, El-Korchi T, Gress D, Bishop P (1987) Stabilization of cadmium and lead in Portland cement paste using a synthetic seawater leachant. Environ Prog 6:99–103CrossRef Campbell KM, El-Korchi T, Gress D, Bishop P (1987) Stabilization of cadmium and lead in Portland cement paste using a synthetic seawater leachant. Environ Prog 6:99–103CrossRef
9.
go back to reference Glasser FP, Marchand J, Samson E (2008) Durability of concrete—degradation phenomena involving detrimental chemical reactions. Cement Concrete Res 38:226–246CrossRef Glasser FP, Marchand J, Samson E (2008) Durability of concrete—degradation phenomena involving detrimental chemical reactions. Cement Concrete Res 38:226–246CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Halim CE, Short SA, Scott JA, Amal R, Low G (2005) Modelling the leaching of Pb, Cd, As, and Cr from cementitious wastes using PHREEQC. J Hazard Mater 125:45–61CrossRef Halim CE, Short SA, Scott JA, Amal R, Low G (2005) Modelling the leaching of Pb, Cd, As, and Cr from cementitious wastes using PHREEQC. J Hazard Mater 125:45–61CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Delagrave A, Pigeon M, Marchand J, Revertégat É (1996) Influence of chloride ions and pH level on the durability of high performance cement pastes (Part II). Cement Concrete Res 26:749–760CrossRef Delagrave A, Pigeon M, Marchand J, Revertégat É (1996) Influence of chloride ions and pH level on the durability of high performance cement pastes (Part II). Cement Concrete Res 26:749–760CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Marchand J, Bentz DP, Samson E, Maltais Y (2001) Influence of calcium hydroxide dissolution on the transport properties of hydrated cement systems. In: Skalny J, Gebauer J, Odler I (eds) Materials science of concrete: calcium hydroxide in concrete. American Ceramic Society, Westerville, pp 113–129 Marchand J, Bentz DP, Samson E, Maltais Y (2001) Influence of calcium hydroxide dissolution on the transport properties of hydrated cement systems. In: Skalny J, Gebauer J, Odler I (eds) Materials science of concrete: calcium hydroxide in concrete. American Ceramic Society, Westerville, pp 113–129
13.
go back to reference Kurdowschi W (2002) Chloride corrosion in cementitious system. In: Bensted J, Barnes P (eds) Structure and performance of cements. Spon Press, London, pp 295–309 Kurdowschi W (2002) Chloride corrosion in cementitious system. In: Bensted J, Barnes P (eds) Structure and performance of cements. Spon Press, London, pp 295–309
14.
go back to reference Stumm W, Morgan JJ (1995) Aquatic chemistry: chemical equilibria and rates in natural waters, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York Stumm W, Morgan JJ (1995) Aquatic chemistry: chemical equilibria and rates in natural waters, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York
15.
go back to reference Kawai K, Hayashi A, Kikuchi H, Yokoyama S (2014) Desorption properties of heavy metals from cement hydrates in various chloride solutions. Constr Build Mater 67:55–60CrossRef Kawai K, Hayashi A, Kikuchi H, Yokoyama S (2014) Desorption properties of heavy metals from cement hydrates in various chloride solutions. Constr Build Mater 67:55–60CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Cheng YK, Bishop PL (1990) Developing a kinetic leaching model for solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes. J Hazard Mater 24:213–224CrossRef Cheng YK, Bishop PL (1990) Developing a kinetic leaching model for solidified/stabilized hazardous wastes. J Hazard Mater 24:213–224CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Poon CS, Lio KW, Tang CI (2001) A systematic study of cement/PFA chemical stabilization/solidification process for the treatment of heavy metal waste. Waste Manag Res 19:276–283CrossRef Poon CS, Lio KW, Tang CI (2001) A systematic study of cement/PFA chemical stabilization/solidification process for the treatment of heavy metal waste. Waste Manag Res 19:276–283CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Schwantes JM, Batchelor B (2006) Simulated infinite-dilution leach test. Environ Eng Sci 23:4–13CrossRef Schwantes JM, Batchelor B (2006) Simulated infinite-dilution leach test. Environ Eng Sci 23:4–13CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Zhang H, Huang CP (2002) Treatment of landfill leachate by Fenton oxidation process. Chin J Chem Eng 10:128–131 Zhang H, Huang CP (2002) Treatment of landfill leachate by Fenton oxidation process. Chin J Chem Eng 10:128–131
20.
go back to reference Derco J, Gotvajn AŽ, Zagorc-Končan J, Almásiová B, Kassai A (2010) Pretreatment of landfill leachate by chemical oxidation processes. Chem Pap 64:237–245CrossRef Derco J, Gotvajn AŽ, Zagorc-Končan J, Almásiová B, Kassai A (2010) Pretreatment of landfill leachate by chemical oxidation processes. Chem Pap 64:237–245CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (1998) 18 edn American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (1998) 18 edn American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C.
22.
go back to reference Park JY, Batchelor B (1999) Prediction of chemical speciation in stabilized/solidified wastes using a general chemical equilibrium model Part I. Chemical representation of cementitious binders. Cement Concrete Res 29:99–105CrossRef Park JY, Batchelor B (1999) Prediction of chemical speciation in stabilized/solidified wastes using a general chemical equilibrium model Part I. Chemical representation of cementitious binders. Cement Concrete Res 29:99–105CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Allison JD, Brown DS, Novo-Gradac KJ (1991) MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2—a geochemical assessment model for environmental systems, version 3.0. User’s Manual, Athens Allison JD, Brown DS, Novo-Gradac KJ (1991) MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2—a geochemical assessment model for environmental systems, version 3.0. User’s Manual, Athens
24.
go back to reference Berner UR (1992) Evolution of pore water chemistry during degradation of cement in a radioactive waste repository environment. Waste Manag 12:201–219CrossRef Berner UR (1992) Evolution of pore water chemistry during degradation of cement in a radioactive waste repository environment. Waste Manag 12:201–219CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Taylor HFW (1990) Cement chemistry. Academic Press, London Taylor HFW (1990) Cement chemistry. Academic Press, London
26.
go back to reference Mainguy M, Tognazzi C, Torrenti JM, Adenot F (2000) Modelling of leaching in pure cement paste and mortar. Cement Concrete Res 30:83–90CrossRef Mainguy M, Tognazzi C, Torrenti JM, Adenot F (2000) Modelling of leaching in pure cement paste and mortar. Cement Concrete Res 30:83–90CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Glasser FP, Pedersen J, Goldthorpe K, Atkins M (2005) Solubility reactions of cement components with NaCl solutions: I. Ca(OH)2 and C–S–H. Adv Cement Res 17:57–64CrossRef Glasser FP, Pedersen J, Goldthorpe K, Atkins M (2005) Solubility reactions of cement components with NaCl solutions: I. Ca(OH)2 and C–S–H. Adv Cement Res 17:57–64CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Johannesson B, Yamada K, Nilsson LO, Hosokawa Y (2007) Multi-species ionic diffusion in concrete with account to interaction between ions in the pore solution and the cement hydrates. Mater Struct 40:651–665CrossRef Johannesson B, Yamada K, Nilsson LO, Hosokawa Y (2007) Multi-species ionic diffusion in concrete with account to interaction between ions in the pore solution and the cement hydrates. Mater Struct 40:651–665CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Höglund LO (1992) Some notes on ettringite formation in cementitious materials; influence of hydration and thermodynamic constraints for durability. Cement Concrete Res 22:217–228CrossRef Höglund LO (1992) Some notes on ettringite formation in cementitious materials; influence of hydration and thermodynamic constraints for durability. Cement Concrete Res 22:217–228CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Chen W, Brouwers HJH (2010) Alkali binding in hydrated Portland cement paste. Cement Concrete Res 40:716–722CrossRef Chen W, Brouwers HJH (2010) Alkali binding in hydrated Portland cement paste. Cement Concrete Res 40:716–722CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Parkhurst DL (1995) User’s guide to PHREEQC—a computer program for speciation, reaction-path, advective-transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood Parkhurst DL (1995) User’s guide to PHREEQC—a computer program for speciation, reaction-path, advective-transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. U.S. Geological Survey, Lakewood
32.
go back to reference Taffinder GG, Batchelor B (1993) Measurement of effective diffusivities in solidified wastes. J Environ Eng ASCE 119:17–33CrossRef Taffinder GG, Batchelor B (1993) Measurement of effective diffusivities in solidified wastes. J Environ Eng ASCE 119:17–33CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Kosson DS, van der Sloot HA, Sanchez F, Garrabrants AC (2002) An integrated framework for evaluating leaching in waste management and utilization of secondary materials. Environ Eng Sci 19:159–205CrossRef Kosson DS, van der Sloot HA, Sanchez F, Garrabrants AC (2002) An integrated framework for evaluating leaching in waste management and utilization of secondary materials. Environ Eng Sci 19:159–205CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kim I, Batchelor B (2001) Empirical partitioning leach model for solidified/stabilized wastes. J Environ Eng ASCE 127:188–194CrossRef Kim I, Batchelor B (2001) Empirical partitioning leach model for solidified/stabilized wastes. J Environ Eng ASCE 127:188–194CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Batchelor B (1990) Leach models: theory and application. J Hazard Mater 24:255–266CrossRef Batchelor B (1990) Leach models: theory and application. J Hazard Mater 24:255–266CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Netherlands Normalisation Institute Standard (NNIS) (2005) Determination of leaching of inorganic components with the diffusion test. EA NEN 7375:2004, Bristol Netherlands Normalisation Institute Standard (NNIS) (2005) Determination of leaching of inorganic components with the diffusion test. EA NEN 7375:2004, Bristol
Metadata
Title
Examination of the influence of dissolved halite (NaCl) on the leaching of lead (Pb) from cement-based solidified wastes
Authors
Constantin Bobirică
David T. Long
Matthew J. Parsons
Rodica Stănescu
Thomas C. Voice
Publication date
03-10-2016
Publisher
Springer Japan
Published in
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management / Issue 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1438-4957
Electronic ISSN: 1611-8227
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10163-016-0552-6

Other articles of this Issue 1/2018

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 1/2018 Go to the issue