Fabrication ternary dual Z-scheme InVO₄/Bi₂S₃/g-C₃N₄ heterojunction photocatalyst for the highly efficient visible-light-driven degradation of Reactive Blue 19

A novel visible-light-driven InVO₄/Bi₂S₃/g-C₃N₄ (VBSCN) nanocomposite photocatalyst was successfully synthesized by a wet-impregnation method. The phase, morphology, chemical composition, microstructure, and optical properties of the prepared pure g-C₃N₄ and ternary InVO₄/Bi₂S₃/g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions were measured in detail by various characterization techniques, including powder XRD, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, BET, UV–Vis DRS, PL, the photocurrent response, and EIS analyses. The fabricated nanocomposites Bi₂S₃/g-C₃N₄ with the InVO₄ doping mass ratio of 5% exhibited superior photocatalytic degradation of Reactive blue 19 dye under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, O₂⁻ was identified as the main active species by free radical trapping. This efficient catalysis was benefited from the doping of InVO₄, which reduced the wide intrinsic band gap and improved the absorption and utilization ability of visible light. Meanwhile, a dual Z-scheme heterostructure interface was constructed to realize the rapid separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. This investigation may provide referential significance for the exploration and fabrication of new and efficient g-C₃N₄-based heterostructure.