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Optical and Quantum Electronics

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01-11-2023

Facile growth of kesterite CZTS film by one-pot hydrothermal route using EDTA as complex agent for heterojunction solar cell applications: influence of zinc concentration

Authors: Nabaa H. Allawi, Selma M. H. Al-Jawad

Published in: Optical and Quantum Electronics | Issue 12/2023

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Abstract

The present study focuses on developing a Cu₂ZnSnS₄ film using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a complexing agent via a one-pot hydrothermal route. The effective Molybdenum oxide (MoO_x) film has been developed along with the Cu₂ZnSnS₄ film preparation. The influences of various zinc concentrations on structural, optical, and electrical properties were also investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman investigations revealed their development of crystalline kesterite phase Cu₂ZnSnS₄ films with preferred orientation along the (112) plane. They revealed that structure property changes with zinc concentration: at a lower zinc concentration, Cu₂ZnSnS₄ and Cu_2−XS phases developed, however with increasing concentrations of zinc (zinc-rich), a single kesterite phase Cu₂ZnSnS₄ evolved. Raman spectroscopy also verified the presence of a MoO_X layer on the Mo substrate. Field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed surface morphology changes from coral reefs to flakes. UV-visible investigation revealed absorbance spectra with high absorption coefficient values exceeding 10⁵ cm⁻¹ in the visible and infrared regions. Single-phase (zinc-rich) Cu₂ZnSnS₄ film’s band gap was also anticipated to be 1.42 eV. The photoluminescence investigation of the (zinc-rich) single-phase Cu₂ZnSnS₄ film revealed an emission peak at 1.569 eV. The Hall Effect investigation demonstrated that the zinc-rich film is a p-type semiconductor with mobility of 15.6 cm⁻² Vs⁻¹, resistivity of 2 Ω cm, and charge carrier concentration of 1 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻³. The Mo foil /MoO_x/CZTS/Zn_0.35Cd_0.65S /ZnO/Al heterojunction solar cell has been constructed well. With an open-circuit voltage of (0.410) V, a short-circuit current density of (12.6) mA/cm² and a fill factor of (38.7%), a photovoltaic conversion efficiency of (2%) was achieved under 100 mW/cm².

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Title: Facile growth of kesterite CZTS film by one-pot hydrothermal route using EDTA as complex agent for heterojunction solar cell applications: influence of zinc concentration
Authors: Nabaa H. Allawi
Selma M. H. Al-Jawad
Publication date: 01-11-2023
Publisher: Springer US
Published in: Optical and Quantum Electronics / Issue 12/2023
Print ISSN: 0306-8919
Electronic ISSN: 1572-817X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05319-1

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