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Metallurgist
Published in: Metallurgist 9-10/2022

01-02-2022

Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for Obtaining High-Grade Antimony

Authors: A. O. Sydykov, A. A. Zharmenov, E. A. Mazulevsky, N. M. Seidakhmetova, A. Mnadzharova

Published in: Metallurgist | Issue 9-10/2022

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Abstract

Results of an investigation aimed at optimizing the fire refining process for purification and extraction of antimony into a high-grade commercial metallic product are presented. Various refining agents were used for refining from lead, tin, iron, and arsenic. As a result of research, a method for fire refining of rough antimony was developed to obtain a high-grade metal with a content of not less than 99.65% Sb and not more than 2000 ppm Pb versus (1.4–2.6)⋅104 ppm, 1000 ppm As versus (1–3)⋅104 ppm, 20 ppm Sn versus (1.2–4)⋅104 ppm, and 50 ppm Fe versus (0.6–1.4)⋅104 ppm. In order to reveal the chemical mechanism of rough antimony refining by phosphorus compounds, the thermal behavior of model samples was studied. Lead oxide was shown to interact with phosphorus compounds though the formation of stable phosphates. Tin is oxidized in the system to form refining compounds and slagged in the oxide form. A loss of antimony with the slag phase was determined to be a consequence of complex phosphate formation. A close to optimal ratio of P2O5/Na2O in the refining mixture, equal to six or higher, was determined. The melt based on sodium dihydrogen phosphate NaH2PO4 and orthophosphoric acid was found to be the most suitable in terms of flux consumption, refining efficiency, availability, cost, and practicality.
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Metadata
Title
Fire Refining of Rough Antimony from Impurities for Obtaining High-Grade Antimony
Authors
A. O. Sydykov
A. A. Zharmenov
E. A. Mazulevsky
N. M. Seidakhmetova
A. Mnadzharova
Publication date
01-02-2022
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Metallurgist / Issue 9-10/2022
Print ISSN: 0026-0894
Electronic ISSN: 1573-8892
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11015-022-01262-w

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