Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Materials Science
Published in: Journal of Materials Science 9/2017

02-01-2017 | Original Paper

Flexible carbon–cellulose fiber-based composite gas diffusion layer for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

Authors: Begüm Yarar Kaplan, Lale Işıkel Şanlı, Selmiye Alkan Gürsel

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 9/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

In this study, wet-laying process, mostly used in pulp and paper industry, was employed for the fabrication of composite gas diffusion layers (GDLs) for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. Cellulose fiber-based composite GDL was manufactured without using polluting, volatile organic compounds so that a green and environmentally friendly process was utilized. Fabricated cellulose-based composite GDLs were characterized ex situ by resistivity, mechanical strength, and porosity measurements and investigation of their morphology by SEM. Carbon–cellulose fiber-based electrically conducting composite GDLs with excellent flexibility, uniformity, and porosity were achieved. Gas diffusion electrodes were prepared using electrospraying technique to provide high surface area and homogenous dispersion. Moreover, PEM fuel cell performance of the fabricated composite GDLs was investigated for the first time in literature.
previous article Prediction of the mechanical behavior of flax polypropylene composites based on multi-scale finite element analysis
next article Effects of Cu and Mn dopings on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of Zn0.98Fe0.02O nanopowders

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Literature
1.
Gubler L, Alkan Gürsel S, Hajbolouri F, Kramer D, Beck N, Reiner A, Steiger B, Scherer GG, Wokaun A, Rajesh B, Thampi KR (2004) Materials for polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Chimia 58:826–836CrossRef
2.
Litster S, McLean G (2004) PEM fuel cell electrodes. J Power Sources 130(1–2):61–76CrossRef
3.
Morgan JM, Datta R (2014) Understanding the gas diffusion layer in proton exchange membrane fuel cells. I. How its structural characteristics affect diffusion and performance. J Power Sources 251:269–278CrossRef
4.
Park S, Popov BN (2011) Effect of a GDL based on carbon paper or carbon cloth on PEM fuel cell performance. Fuel 90(1):436–440CrossRef
5.
Kandlikar SG, Garofalo ML, Lu Z (2011) Water management in a PEMFC: water transport mechanism and material degradation in gas diffusion layers. Fuel Cells 11(6):814–823CrossRef
6.
Hu L, Pasta M, Mantia FL, Cui L, Jeong S, Deshazer HD et al (2010) Stretchable, porous, and conductive energy textiles. Nano Lett 10(2):708–714CrossRef
7.
Wang Y, Wang C-Y, Chen KS (2007) Elucidating differences between carbon paper and carbon cloth in polymer electrolyte fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 52(12):3965–3975CrossRef
8.
Ring M, Godsay MP, Swenson RS, Kent JN (1977) Method for forming wet-laid non-woven webs. US Pat 4007083
9.
Mathur RB, Maheshwari PH, Dhami TL, Sharma RK, Sharma CP (2006) Processing of carbon composite paper as electrode for fuel cell. J Power Sources 161(2):790–798CrossRef
10.
Maheshwari PH, Gupta C, Mathur RB (2014) Role of fiber length and pore former on the porous network of carbon paper electrode and its performance in PEMFC. Fuel Cells 14(4):566–573CrossRef
11.
Kim H, Lee Y-J, Lee D-C, Park G-G, Yoo Y (2013) Fabrication of the carbon paper by wet-laying of ozone-treated carbon fibers with hydrophilic functional groups. Carbon 60:429–436CrossRef
12.
Luo Y, Zhang J, Li X, Liao C, Li X (2014) The cellulose nanofibers for optoelectronic conversion and energy storage. J Nanomater 2014:13
13.
Jabbour L, Chaussy D, Eyraud B, Beneventi D (2012) Highly conductive graphite/carbon fiber/cellulose composite papers. Compos Sci Technol 72(5):616–623CrossRef
14.
Shi Y, Wang B (2014) Mechanical properties of carbon fiber/cellulose composite papers modified by hot-melting fibers. Prog Nat Sci 24(1):56–60CrossRef
15.
Wang F, Drzal LT, Qin Y, Huang Z (2015) Multifunctional graphene nanoplatelets/cellulose nanocrystals composite paper. Compos B 79:521–529CrossRef
16.
Liu L, Niu Z, Zhang L, Zhou W, Chen X, Xie S (2014) Nanostructured graphene composite papers for highly flexible and foldable supercapacitors. Adv Mater 26(28):4855–4862CrossRef
17.
Isikel L, Gocek I, Adanur S (2010) Design and characterization of nonwoven fabrics for gas diffusion layer in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. J Text Inst 101(11):1006–1014CrossRef
18.
Wang X, Richey FW, Wujcik KH, Elabd YA (2014) Ultra-low platinum loadings in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrodes fabricated via simultaneous electrospinning/electrospraying method. J Power Sources 264:42–48CrossRef
19.
Chaparro AM, Gallardo B, Folgado MA, Martín AJ, Daza L (2009) PEMFC electrode preparation by electrospray: optimization of catalyst load and ionomer content. Catal Today 143(3–4):237–241CrossRef
20.
Şanlı LI, Bayram V, Yarar B, Ghobadi S, Alkan Gürsel S (2016) Development of graphene supported platinum nanoparticles for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Effect of support type and impregnation–reduction methods. Int J Hydrogen Energy 41:3414–3427CrossRef
21.
Fu SY, Lauke B, Mäder E, Yue CY, Hu X (2000) Tensile properties of short-glass-fiber- and short-carbon-fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites. Compos A 31(10):1117–1125CrossRef
22.
Park S, Lee J-W, Popov BN (2006) Effect of carbon loading in microporous layer on PEM fuel cell performance. J Power Sources 163(1):357–363CrossRef
23.
Mathias MF, Roth J, Fleming J, Lehnert W (2010) Diffusion media materials and characterisation. Handbook of fuel cells. Wiley, London
24.
Gostick JT, Fowler MW, Pritzker MD, Ioannidis MA, Behra LM (2006) In-plane and through-plane gas permeability of carbon fiber electrode backing layers. J Power Sources 162(1):228–238CrossRef
25.
Kaviany M (1991) Principles of heat transfer in porous media/M. Kaviany. Springer, New YorkCrossRef
26.
27.
Kong CS, Kim D-Y, Lee H-K, Shul Y-G, Lee T-H (2002) Influence of pore-size distribution of diffusion layer on mass-transport problems of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 108(1–2):185–191CrossRef
28.
Tang H, Wang S, Pan M, Yuan R (2007) Porosity-graded micro-porous layers for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 166(1):41–46CrossRef
29.
Schmittinger W, Vahidi A (2008) A review of the main parameters influencing long-term performance and durability of PEM fuel cells. J Power Sources 180(1):1–14CrossRef
30.
Arvay A, Yli-Rantala E, Liu CH, Peng XH, Koski P, Cindrella L et al (2012) Characterization techniques for gas diffusion layers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells: a review. J Power Sources 213:317–337CrossRef
31.
He W, Lin G, Van Nguyen T (2003) Diagnostic tool to detect electrode flooding in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. AIChE J 49(12):3221–3228CrossRef
32.
Cultura AB, Salameh ZM (2014) Dynamic analysis of a stand alone operation of PEM fuel cell system. J Power Energy Eng 2:1–8CrossRef
33.
Yan W-M, Hsueh C-Y, Soong C-Y, Chen F, Cheng C-H, Mei S-C (2007) Effects of fabrication processes and material parameters of GDL on cell performance of PEM fuel cell. Int J Hydrogen Energy 32(17):4452–4458CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Flexible carbon–cellulose fiber-based composite gas diffusion layer for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Authors
Begüm Yarar Kaplan
Lale Işıkel Şanlı
Selmiye Alkan Gürsel
Publication date
02-01-2017
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Science / Issue 9/2017
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0734-6

Other articles of this Issue 9/2017

Journal of Materials Science 9/2017 Go to the issue

Original Paper

Large-scale and template-free synthesis of hierarchically porous MnCo2O4.5 as anode material for lithium-ion batteries with enhanced electrochemical performance

Original Paper

Critical path-driven property and performance transitions in heterogeneous microstructures

Original Paper

Highest coercivity and considerable saturation magnetization of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles with tunable band gap prepared by thermal decomposition approach

Original Paper

3D printed ferromagnetic composites for microwave applications

Original Paper

High-strength, thermally stable nylon 6,6 composite nanofiber separators for lithium-ion batteries

Original Paper

Magnetic anisotropy of the graphite nanoplatelet–epoxy and MWCNT–epoxy composites with aligned barium ferrite filler

Premium Partners

    Image Credits