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1982 | Book

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Formulas, Facts, and Constants

for Students and Professionals in Engineering, Chemistry and Physics

Authors: Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Included in: Professional Book Archive

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About this book

The material presented in this book has been compiled for the convenience of the reader. The aim of the book is to provide a handy source of formulas, conversion factors and constants for everyday use. The formulas and tables are amended by examples in all of those cases where their use is not self explanatory. The material has been selected to be helpful whenever it is inconvenient or not possible to consult tables available at the library. Section 1 provides the fundamental tools of mathematics needed in all areas of the physical sciences. Section 2 summarizes the SI system, lists conversion factors and provides precise values of fundamental constants. Sections 3 and 4 review the basic terms of spectroscopy, atomic structure and wave mechan ics. These sections serve as a guide to the interpretation of modern literature. Section 5 is a resource for work in the laboratory. Data and formulas are given to be of assistance in the use of frequently encountered equipment such as vacuum systems and electronic devices. Material constants and other data are listed for information and as an aid for estimates or problem solving. The assistance of the Springer-Verlag during the various stages of the development of this book is gratefully acknowl edged. The authors like to thank Dr. F. L. Boschke for his many helpful suggestions. Helmut J. Fischbeck Kurt H. Fischbeck Contents Basic mathematical facts and figures ............................... .

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Table of Contents

Frontmatter

1. Basic mathematical facts and figures

Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

2. Units, conversion factors and constants

Abstract

The name International System of Units (SI) has been adopted by the Conférence Génerale des Poids et Mésures for a coherent system of units of measurement. The system consists of seven basic units (see 2.1.1) and two supplementary units (see 2.1.2). Frequently derived units have been given special names and are summarized in 2.1.3. Other derived units are listed in 2.1.4. A convenient way to indicate multiples and fractions of the units in powers of ten is achieved by the use of proper prefixes which can be found in 2.1.5. Units constructed using these prefixes are SI units. Multiples and decimal fractions of SI units which have their own names are listed in 2.1.6. These units are not official SI units and their use is discouraged. Units of other systems which are defined exactly in terms of SI units are listed in 2.1.7.

Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

3. Spectroscopy and atomic structure

Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

4. Basic wave mechanics

Abstract

The Schrödinger equation is based on the classical relationship between the total energy E, the kinetic energy \( T = \frac{{{p^2}}}{{{2_\mu }}} \), and the potential energy V, T + V = E , of a particle of mass μ and momentum \( \vec p \). The relation \( \frac{{|\vec p{|^2}}}{{2\mu }}\;{\rm{ + V = E}} \) is transcribed into quantum mechanics by substituting operators for the physical observables total energy, momentum, and potential according to:

$$ E\; \to \;E\_{\rm{ = ih - }}\;\frac{\partial }{{\partial t}},\;{\rm{\vec p}}\; \to \;{\rm{\vec p\_ = - ih - }}\vec \nabla \_,\;{\rm{V }} \to {\rm{ V\_}}{\rm{.}} $$

Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

5. Facts, figures and data useful in the laboratory

Abstract

The expression \( p\;{\text{ = k }}\frac{N}{V}\;T \) for the pressure of a gas in a system of volume V and temperature T is most convenient for vacuum work. Since volume and temperature are usually constant the pressure is then directly proportional to N, the total number of molecules in the system.

Helmut J. Fischbeck, Kurt H. Fischbeck

Title: Formulas, Facts, and Constants
Authors: Helmut J. Fischbeck
Kurt H. Fischbeck
Copyright Year: 1982
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-96681-1
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-11315-7
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-96681-1