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2015 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

3. Gas Separation Membrane Materials and Structures

Authors : Ahmad Fauzi Ismail, Kailash Chandra Khulbe, Takeshi Matsuura

Published in: Gas Separation Membranes

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

A membrane is a layer of material which serves as a selective barrier between two phases and is impermeable to specific particles, molecules, or substances when exposed to the action of a driving force. Some components are allowed passage by the membrane into a permeate stream, whereas others are retained by it and accumulate in the retentate stream. Membranes can be of various thicknesses, with homogeneous or heterogeneous structures. Membrane can also be classified according to their pore diameter. There are three different types of pore sizes based on the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) classification: microporous (d p  < 2 nm), mesoporous (2 nm < d p  < 50 nm), and macroporous (d p  > 50 nm) [1, 2]. Membranes can be neutral or charged, and the transport through a membrane can be active or passive. The latter can be facilitated by pressure, concentration, chemical or electrical gradients. Membranes can be generally classified into synthetic membranes and biological membranes.

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previous chapter Fundamentals of Gas Permeation Through Membranes
next chapter Membrane Fabrication/Manufacturing Techniques
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Metadata
Title
Gas Separation Membrane Materials and Structures
Authors
Ahmad Fauzi Ismail
Kailash Chandra Khulbe
Takeshi Matsuura
Copyright Year
2015
Book
Gas Separation Membranes

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01094-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-01095-3

Copyright Year: 2015

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01095-3_3