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2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

1. Human Trafficking and Its Financial Management in Bulgaria

Authors : Georgios A. Antonopoulos, Andrea Di Nicola, Atanas Rusev, Fiamma Terenghi

Published in: Human Trafficking Finances

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Trafficking in human beings for the purpose of sexual exploitation is considered one of the largest Bulgarian criminal markets since the beginning of the new millennium. After the lifting of Schengen visas for Bulgarian nationals in 2001, Bulgaria became a major country of origin for the trafficking in human beings exploited in the EU. The current analysis examines in-depth the financial underpinnings of the human trafficking for sexual exploitation in Bulgaria and discusses both the domestic market and the cross-border trafficking. It provides a general overview of the sources and mechanisms of the financing of trafficking in human beings, settlement of payments, access to financing in critical moments, costs of business, and the management of profits.

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next chapter Human Trafficking and Its Financial Management in Italy
Footnotes
1
Directive 2011/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 April 2011 on preventing and combating trafficking in human beings and protecting its victims, and replacing Council Framework Decision 2002/629/JHA, OJ L 101, 15.4.2011.
 
2
The so called “violent insurers” or grupirovki were the first powerful organised crime groups in Bulgaria, which emerged in the early 1990s and started their criminal activities with a wide use of violence and extortion. Most of them established private security and insurance companies as fronts for their extortion. Subsequently, most of them developed extensive crime portfolios including drug distribution, prostitution, contraband, etc.
 
3
These prices are given as an example however, in the last few years prices have consistently increased countrywide.
 
4
The quoted sums are requested as advance payments for renting a place. The period of renting can vary from three months to one year.
 
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Metadata
Title
Human Trafficking and Its Financial Management in Bulgaria
Authors
Georgios A. Antonopoulos
Andrea Di Nicola
Atanas Rusev
Fiamma Terenghi
Copyright Year
2019
Book
Human Trafficking Finances

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17808-6

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-17809-3

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17809-3_1