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Environmental Earth Sciences
Published in: Environmental Earth Sciences 5/2014

01-03-2014 | Original Article

Impacts of saline water irrigation and shrimp pond discharges on the surrounding waters of a coastal district in the Mekong delta of Vietnam

Authors: Nguyen Tho, Roel Merckx, Vu Ngoc Ut

Published in: Environmental Earth Sciences | Issue 5/2014

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Abstract

This study discusses impacts of saline water irrigation and shrimp pond discharges on the surrounding waters in the coastal Cai Nuoc district, Mekong delta of Vietnam where the landscape was re-shaped by shrimp aquaculture since 2000. Sampling took place at the end of the wet season of 2009 in the district (as aquaculture sites) and a nearby freshwater-dominated reference site. The aquaculture sites showed significantly higher salinities and organic loadings (biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand) but lower dissolved nutrients (NO3–N, NO2–N, and PO4–P), total iron, and phytoplankton diversity compared to the reference site. Irrigation of saline waters has exacerbated salinization, leading to significant biological changes in the surrounding waters. Impacts of shrimp pond discharges on the surrounding waters were not very dramatic in terms of organic loadings and nutrients. The increase in organic loadings in the surrounding waters was mostly due to contribution from other pollution sources, such as domestic/industrial discharges and runoff. Enhanced salinization and changes in nutrients resulted in a decline in species richness and diversity, and a change in the evenness of the phytoplankton community. Besides, the composition of zooplankton and zoobenthos were also restructured. The mild impacts of shrimp pond discharges on the surrounding waters were primarily due to the limited inputs for shrimp aquaculture in this area.
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Metadata
Title
Impacts of saline water irrigation and shrimp pond discharges on the surrounding waters of a coastal district in the Mekong delta of Vietnam
Authors
Nguyen Tho
Roel Merckx
Vu Ngoc Ut
Publication date
01-03-2014
Publisher
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in
Environmental Earth Sciences / Issue 5/2014
Print ISSN: 1866-6280
Electronic ISSN: 1866-6299
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2603-9

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