IoT-based smart alternative approach to harvesting rainwater in an urban context

With time, water scarcity and depletion of groundwater has become a major growing concern in many countries. This is due to the dramatic results of climatic change, urbanization, industrialization, population growth, and water demand. As per the assessment of the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), India has already entered the zones of over-exploited domains of groundwater due to which many regions in the country started declining the groundwater levels. Hence, to tackle this unavoidable situation and to bypass a load of overexploitation of groundwater, harvesting through other alternative sources such as rainwater can be a big relief to some extent. The present study aims at harvesting rainwater using a smart system, i.e., IoT-based rainwater harvesting system. The proposed IoT-based model consists of the assemblage of different sensors followed by the expansion–contraction mechanism of the storage tank. Hopefully, with this smart rainfall harvesting system, it can meet the requirements of water to some extent at home, in farming as well as for plantations. The study recommends that for fully automated, the system may be equipped with a GSM module, Wi-Fi Module and an android app to make it more efficient.