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Biomass and the Green Chemistry Principles Read chapter Read first chapter

2018 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

5. Lignocellulosic Biomass for Energy, Biofuels, Biomaterials, and Chemicals

Authors : Abla Alzagameem, Basma El Khaldi-Hansen, Birgit Kamm, Margit Schulze

Published in: Biomass and Green Chemistry

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

The main objective of this chapter is to explore the lignocellulose feedstock (LCF) biorefinery for industrial usage according to green chemistry principles. In particular, the isolation and valorization of lignin as one of the most interesting intermediates of LCF biorefineries is discussed, including lignin isolation, purification, and structure analysis. Structure elucidation involves various chromatographic, spectroscopic, microscopic, and thermochemical methods. Thus, basic structure–property relationships regarding the influence of biomass source and isolation process on lignin amount, constitution, and 3D structure are highlighted. Furthermore, storage effects on lignin structure and degradation effects are presented. Finally, potential applications are discussed, including novel lignin-based hydrogels, composite compounds (hybrids), and nanomaterials. Focus is drawn to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lignin for applications in packaging and biomedicine, that is, biomaterials for drug release and tissue engineering.

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Metadata
Title
Lignocellulosic Biomass for Energy, Biofuels, Biomaterials, and Chemicals
Authors
Abla Alzagameem
Basma El Khaldi-Hansen
Birgit Kamm
Margit Schulze
Copyright Year
2018
Book
Biomass and Green Chemistry

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-66735-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-66736-2

Copyright Year: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66736-2_5