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2016 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

9. ‘Livestock for Development’ in Resource-Constrained Environment: Would Induction of External Buffalo Breeds Help?

Authors : Bhagya Laxmi S, Ravindra Adusumilli, A. Vijay Mohan Rao

Published in: Nature, Economy and Society

Publisher: Springer India

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Abstract

Even the harsh environments stressed for water and biomass, dependent on commons with low-input production systems, are not exempt. Performance of such breeds has been a serious concern in these programmes as any mortality and nonperformance can further increase debt burden of the poor. Also, the potential of nonrecognized local breeds well adapted to the scarcity cycles in dry land areas is not seriously explored. These are considered ‘nondescript’ and therefore, do not qualify for support in the government programmes. Located in this context, the chapter documents and analyses the performance of external Murrah buffaloes inducted into semiarid regions in Andhra Pradesh. The study also brings out the potential of various types or groups within the local breeds and presents their productivity traits.

Comparative analysis of performance of these groups of local buffaloes with that of inducted Murrah buffaloes brings out the potential of the local ‘nondescript’ buffaloes. In a situation where induction of external Murrah buffaloes leaves behind substantial debt burden and despair, results of the analysis make a case for recognizing the local breeds and for shifting the focus of livestock development and poverty programmes towards improving the fodder and feed resources in the commons and fallows, creating access to water and to improve management systems. A combination of such inputs along with selections from among the local breeds might be a better strategy for development of buffalo production systems in the semiarid regions.

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previous chapter Governing Firms’ Corporate Environmental Response: Success or Failure? Evidence from a Panel Data Based Analysis on Solid Waste Management in Agri-Food Processing Sector of Sri Lanka

next chapter Soil Fertility Management in Semiarid Regions: The Sociocultural, Economic and Livelihood Dimensions of Farmers’ Practices—A Case of Andhra Pradesh

The chapter mainly focuses on arid and semiarid regions of the India—broadly termed as dry lands.

For example, it is estimated in study of arid and semiarid areas that the grazing hours of livestock vary from 4.65 to 6.05 in Tumkur and Anantapur districts, respectively (Mishra et al. 2010).

See Guidelines of the scheme ‘National Project on Cattle and Buffalo breeding’, Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of India (http://dahd.nic.in/dahd/schemes/animal-husbandary.aspx).

A study based in Andhra Pradesh by International Livestock Research Institute concludes that ‘farm with livestock’ is the best route to escape poverty. The study (Shaheen Akter 2008) provides various dimensions of livestock contribution to escaping poverty.

For an overview on the subject, see Köhler-Rollefson (2008).

The primary data on the productivity traits and characterization of local breeds were shared by Shahin Begum Giyas; the authors acknowledge her support in this regard. The analysis and views are of the authors.

See Sainath (2011) of similar outcome in Vidharbha with crossbred cattle, Köhler-Rollefson (2009) narrates an experience in Rajasthan.

http://agri.ap.nic.in/agroclimatezon.htm.

http://medakdistrict.net/?page_id=81.

The authors gratefully acknowledge the knowledge contribution of various buffalo farmers in the study villages of Alladurg, Bidkanne, Chaudarpally, Dosapally, Gadipeddapur, Gandlabaitanda, Gangwar, Gollagudam, Humnapur, IB tanda, Jagriyal, Kondapur, Kothlapur, Maktavenkatapuram, Pocharam, Pothirddypally, R.Itkyal, Saipeta, T. Lingampally, Tatipally, Togarpally and Usrikapally.

The authors wish to acknowledge inputs from Venkateswarlu, a retired senior official of the Animal Husbandry Department, Andhra Pradesh.

Sainath’s (2011) article “Cowed down by the Prime Minister” gives a graphical account of this process in Vidarbha region.

See Sirohi and Michaelowa (2007) for details. In buffaloes, access to water is the only way of managing heat stress and availability and access to water is under a serious threat in dry lands.

SAPPLP program of FAO has made a detailed documentation of such examples. See Good Practices Brief on the subject at http://sapplpp.org/goodpractices/CPR-Livestock/SAGP02-innovations-in-common-land-development. A larger experience of regenerating 80,000 acres of common lands in arid district of Anantapur also exemplifies the potential; see http://appsatp.org/natural_regen.htm. See Parthasarathy Rao and Hall (2003) for an overview of increasing the potential of crop residues in crop–livestock systems.

Sharma et al. (2005) provides a detailed account of in situ improving the indigenous breeds that shows large potential.

Akter S, Farrington J, Deshingkar P, Freeman A (2008) Livestock, vulnerability, and poverty dynamics in India. Discussion paper no. 10. International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi

Das AK, Sharma D, Kumar N (2008) Buffalo genetic resources in India and their conservation. Buffalo Bull 27(4):265–268

Dept of Animal Husbandry (2010) Integrated sample survey, report on estimates of major livestock products for the years 2008–2009 & 2009–2010 (provisional) and veterinary infrastructure facilities, statistical wing. Department of Animal Husbandry, Andhra Pradesh

Köhler-Rollefson I, Mathias E, Rathore HS (2008) Local breeds, livelihoods, and livestock keepers’ rights in South Asia. Trop Anim Health Prod. published on line 22 November 2008

Köhler-Rollefson I, Rathore HS, Mathias E (2009) Local breeds, livelihoods and livestock keepers’ rights in South Asia. Trop Anim Health Prod 41:1061–1070CrossRef

Misra AK, Rama Rao CA, Subrahmanyam KV, Ramakrishna YS (September 2009) Improving dairy production in India's rainfed agroecosystem: constraints and strategies. outlook agric, 38(3):284–292(9)

Mishra AK, Rao CAR, Shankar KR (2010) Analysis of potentials and problems of dairy production in rainfed agro-ecosystem of India. Indian J Anim Sci 80(11):1126–1133

Parthasarathy Rao P, Hall AJ (2003) Importance of crop residues in crop–livestock systems in India and farmers’ perceptions of fodder quality in coarse cereals. Field Crop Res 84(2003):189–198CrossRef

Sainath P (2011) Cowed down by the Prime Minister. The Hindu, May 13

Sharma KC, Goel R, Singh MR, Kumar S, Singh HN (2005) Breeding strategies for conservation of Bhadawari buffaloes in Uttar Pradesh. VIIIth national conference on animal genetics and breeding, 8–10 March, Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathrua UP

Sirohi S, Michaelowa A (2007). Sufferer and cause: Indian livestock and climate change. Clim Change 85:285–298CrossRef

Title: ‘Livestock for Development’ in Resource-Constrained Environment: Would Induction of External Buffalo Breeds Help?
Authors: Bhagya Laxmi S
Ravindra Adusumilli
A. Vijay Mohan Rao
Publisher: Springer India
Book: Nature, Economy and Society
Print ISBN: 978-81-322-2403-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-81-322-2404-4

Copyright Year: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2404-4_9

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