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Journal of Materials Science
Published in: Journal of Materials Science 8/2020

22-11-2019 | Metals & corrosion

Master sintering curves of nickel-titanium and nickel-titanium open-cell foams fabricated by spark plasma sintering

Authors: Peter T. Nivala, Susan P. James

Published in: Journal of Materials Science | Issue 8/2020

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Abstract

Master sintering curves (MSCs) were developed for monolithic nickel-titanium (NiTi) and composite NiTi-copper specimens densified by spark plasma sintering (SPS) to efficiently establish the density–process parameter relationship. NiTi-copper specimens simulated the porogen (a.k.a. space holder) replication technique used to fabricate NiTi open-cell foams. The effect of copper porogens on the densification behavior of NiTi powder was examined through the comparison of the generated MSCs. Several additional monolithic NiTi specimens and a NiTi open-cell foam specimen were sintered isothermally to verify the accuracy of the generated MSCs. The experimental data indicated the copper porogens had little-to-no effect on the densification behavior of NiTi powder. Using an apparent activation energy of 201 kJ mol-1, both MSCs were able to predict the final density of the validation specimens within 1.2%. The current study demonstrated the successful application of the MSC concept to the SPS of monolithic NiTi and composite NiTi-copper specimens enabling accurate predictions of final specimen density based on any arbitrary time–temperature sintering profile. This efficient mapping of the density–process parameter space has eliminated the trial-and-error methodology typically used and has resulted in significant savings of time, energy, and raw materials.
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Metadata
Title
Master sintering curves of nickel-titanium and nickel-titanium open-cell foams fabricated by spark plasma sintering
Authors
Peter T. Nivala
Susan P. James
Publication date
22-11-2019
Publisher
Springer US
Published in
Journal of Materials Science / Issue 8/2020
Print ISSN: 0022-2461
Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-04226-9

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