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23-09-2021 | Original Research

Micro/nanostructured lignonanocellulose obtained from steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse

Authors: André M. Fontes, Cleverton L. Pirich, Gustavo R. O. A. Tanobe, Quim Tarrés, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Luiz P. Ramos

Published in: Cellulose | Issue 16/2021

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Abstract

This work demonstrates the isolation of lignocellulose micro-nanofibrils, nanocrystals and nanospheres from steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse (SEB). First, steam-explosion was carried out in sugarcane bagasse at 195 °C for 7.5 and 15 min (SEB-7.5 and SEB-15). Untreated sugarcane bagasse was also pretreated by mechanical refining (MRB) in a PFI mill for comparison. Then, SEB and MRB fibers were subjected to alkaline delignification, hypochlorite bleaching for 60 or 180 min (HB60 and HB180), enzymatic hydrolysis (endoglucanase), and high-pressure homogenization. The resulting materials were characterized regarding chemical composition by high-performance liquid chromatography, width and morphology by transmission electron microscopy, crystallinity by X-ray powder diffraction and aspect ratio (length/diameter) by rheology. Levels of glucans (mostly cellulose), hemicelluloses and lignin were: 53.8%, 19.7% and 11.6% in MRB-HB180; 87.8%, < 0.1% and 7.2% in SEB-7.5-HB60; 84.3%, < 0.1% and 4.8% in SEB-7.5-HB180, 85.9%, < 0.1% and 8.4% in SEB-15-HB60; and 82.2%, < 0.1% and 5% in SE-15-HB180, respectively. Aspect ratios and crystallinity indexes were similar among all groups (~ 100 and ~ 73%, respectively), except for SE-15-HB180 (~ 78.5 and 77%, respectively). MRB-HB180 and SE-15 (HB60 and HB180) had the lowest fiber widths (< 20 nm) with the presence of nanocrystals in SE-15-HB180, while in the SE-7.5 (HB60 and HB180), fiber widths were greater than 50 nm with the presence of lignin nanospheres in SE-7.5-HB60. Hence, lignocellulose nanomaterials with aspect ratios ranging from micro/nanofibers to nanocrystals were isolated from SEB using a cost-effective production process.

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Title: Micro/nanostructured lignonanocellulose obtained from steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse
Authors: André M. Fontes
Cleverton L. Pirich
Gustavo R. O. A. Tanobe
Quim Tarrés
Marc Delgado-Aguilar
Luiz P. Ramos
Publication date: 23-09-2021
Publisher: Springer Netherlands
Published in: Cellulose / Issue 16/2021
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Electronic ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04205-x

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