Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Journal of Business Ethics
Published in: Journal of Business Ethics 1/2017

29-06-2015

Mutual Recognition Respect Between Leaders and Followers: Its Relationship to Follower Job Performance and Well-Being

Authors: Nicholas Clarke, Nomahaza Mahadi

Published in: Journal of Business Ethics | Issue 1/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

There has been limited research investigating the effects of the recognition form of respect between leaders and their followers within the organisation literature. We investigated whether mutual recognition respect was associated with follower job performance and well-being after controlling for measures of liking and appraisal respect. Based on data we collected from 203 matched leader–follower dyads in the Insurance industry in Malaysia, we found mutual recognition respect predicted both follower job performance and well-being. Significantly, appraisal respect was only found to be positively associated with job performance. Our findings suggest mutual recognition respect is an important form of respect in workplace relationships that can bring benefits to both the individual and the organisation.
previous article Linking Ethical Leadership to Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Testing the Multilevel Mediation Role of Organizational Concern
next article Pseudo-transformational Leadership is in the Eyes of the Subordinates

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
Augsberger, A., Shudrich, W., McGowan, B. G., & Auerbach, C. (2012). Respect in the workplace: A mixed methods study of retention and turnover in the voluntary child welfare sector. Children and Youth Services Review, 34(7), 1222–1229. doi:10.​1016/​j.​childyouth.​2012.​02.​016.CrossRef
Baldwin, M. W., Carrell, S. E., & Lopez, D. E. (1990). Priming relationship schemas: My advisor and the Pope are watching me from the back of my mind. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 26, 435–454.CrossRef
Bartel, C. A., Wrzesniewski, A., & Wiesenfeld, B. M. (2012). Knowing where you stand: Physical isolation, perceived respect, and organizational identification among virtual employees. Organization Science, 23, 743–757.CrossRef
Batson, C. D., Chang, J., Orr, J. R., & Rowland, J. (2002). Empathy, attitudes, and action: Can feeling for a member of a stigmatized group motivate one to help the group? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 1656–1666.CrossRef
Baumeister, R. E., & Tice, D. M. (1990). Anxiety and social exclusion. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9, 165–195.CrossRef
Benditt, T. M. (2008). Why respect matters. The Journal of Value Inquiry, 42, 487–496.CrossRef
Biemann, T., Cole, M. S., & Voelpel, S. (2012). Within-group agreement: On the use (and misuse) of rWG and rWG (J) in leadership research and some best practice guidelines. The Leadership Quarterly, 23, 66–80.CrossRef
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: Wiley.
Bliese, P. D. (2000). Within-group agreement, non-independence, and reliability: Implications for data aggregation and Analysis. In K. J. Klein & S. W. Kozlowski (Eds.), Multilevel theory, research, and methods in organizations (pp. 349–381). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc.
Boeckmann, R. J., & Tyler, T. R. (2002). Trust, respect and the psychology of political engagement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 2067–2088.CrossRef
Branscombe, N. R., Spears, R., Ellemers, N., & Doojse, B. (2002). Intra-group and intergroup evaluation effects on group behaviour. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 744–753. doi:10.​1177/​0146167202289004​.CrossRef
Brickson, S. (2000). The impact of identity orientation on individual and organizational outcomes in demographically diverse settings. Academy of Management Review, 25, 82–101. doi:10.​5465/​AMR.​2000.​2791604.
Brislin, R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oral and written materials. In H. C. Triandis & J. W. Berry (Eds.), Handbook of cross-cultural psychology (pp. 389–444). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Brown, J. D., & Dutton, K. A. (1995). The thrill of victory, the complexity of defeat: Self-esteem and people’s emotional reactions to success and failure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 712–722. doi:10.​1037/​0022-3514.​68.​4.​712.CrossRef
Chang, C. H., & Johnson, R. E. (2010). Not all leader-member exchanges are created equal: Importance of leader relational identity. Leadership Quarterly, 21, 796–808.CrossRef
Cooley, C. H. (1902). Human nature and the social order. New York: Schocken.
Coyne, J. C., & Bolger, N. (1990). Doing without social support as an explanatory concept. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 9(1), 148–158.CrossRef
Cranor, C. (1975). Toward a theory of respect for persons. American Philosophical Quarterly, 12, 309–319.
Dabos, G. E., & Rousseau, D. M. (2004). Mutuality and reciprocity in the psychological contracts of employees and employers. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89, 52–72.CrossRef
Dansereau, F., & Yammarino, F. J. (2006). Is more discussion about levels of analysis really necessary? When is such discussion sufficient? Leadership Quarterly, 17, 537–552.CrossRef
Dansereau, F., Yammarino, F. J., & Markham, S. E. (1995). Leadership: The multiple-level approaches. The Leadership Quarterly, 6, 97–109.CrossRef
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1995). Human agency: The basis for true self-esteem. In M. Kernis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 31–50). New York: Plenum.
Dilman, D. A. (1991). The design and administration of mail surveys. Annual Review of Sociology, 17, 225–249.CrossRef
Ellemers, N., Doojse, B., & Spears, R. (2004). Sources of respect: The effects of being liked by ingroups and outgroups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 34, 155–172. doi:10.​1002/​ejsp.​196.CrossRef
Emmott, M., & Worman, D. (2008). The steady rise of CSR and Diversity in the workplace. Strategic HR Review, 7(5), 28–33.CrossRef
Genero, N. P., Miller, J. B., Surrey, J., & Baldwin, L. M. (1992). Measuring perceived mutuality in close relationships: Validation of the mutual psychological development questionnaire. Journal of Family Psychology, 6, 36–48.CrossRef
Hamilton, D. L., & Fallot, R. D. (1974). Information salience as a weighting factor in impression formation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 444–448.CrossRef
Harris, K. J., Kacmar, K. M., & Carlson, D. S. (2006). An examination of temporal variables and relationship quality on promotability ratings. Group and Organization Management, 31, 677–699.CrossRef
Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 456–470.CrossRef
Honneth, A. (1995). The struggle for recognition: The moral grammar of social conflicts. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Huo, Y. J., Binning, K. R., & Molina, I. E. (2010). Testing an integrative model of respect: Implications for social engagement and well-being. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 36, 200–212. doi:10.​1177/​0146167209356787​.CrossRef
Huo, Y. J., & Molina, I. E. (2006). Is pluralism a viable model of diversity? The benefits and limits of subgroup respect. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 9, 359–376.CrossRef
James, R. L., Demaree, R. G., & Wolf, G. (1984). Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 85–98.CrossRef
Jordan, J. (1986). The meaning of mutuality (Work in Progress, No. 23). Wellesley, MA: Stone Center, Wellesley College.
Jordan, P. J., & Lawrence, S. A. (2009). Emotional intelligence in teams: Development and initial validation of the short version of the Workgroup Emotional Intelligence Profile (WEIP-S). Journal of Management and Organization, 15, 452–469.CrossRef
Jung, D. I., & Avolio, B. J. (2000). Opening the black box: An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of trust and value congruence on transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 949–964.CrossRef
Kant, I. (1964). Groundwork of the metaphysics of morals, (H.J. Paton, Ed., Translated and analysed). New York: Harper.
Kasle, S., Wilhelm, M. S., & Zautra, A. J. (2008). Rheumatoid arthritis patients’ perceptions of mutuality in conversations with spouses/partners and their links with psychological and physical health. Arthritis and Rhuematology, 59, 921–928. doi:10.​1002/​art.​23821.CrossRef
Kellenberger, J. (1995). Relationship morality. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Kelley, H. H., & Thibaut, J. W. (1978). Interpersonal relations: A theory of interdependence. New York: Wiley.
Laham, S. M., Tam, T., Lalljee, T. M., Hewstone, M., & Voci, A. (2010). Respect for persons in the intergroup context: Self-other overlap and intergroup emotions are mediators of the impact of respect on action tendencies. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 13, 301–317.CrossRef
Leary, M. R., Tambor, E. S., Terdal, S. K., & Downs, D. L. (1995). Self-esteem as an interpersonal monitor: The sociometer hypothesis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 518–553.CrossRef
Liden, R. C., & Maslyn, J. M. (1998). Multidimensionality of leader-member exchange: an empirical assessment through scale development. Journal of Management, 24, 43–73.
Lopes, H., & Calapez, T. (2012). The relational dimension of identity: Theoretical and empirical exploration. Review of Social Economy, 70, 81–107.CrossRef
Lutgen-Sandrik, P., Tracy, J. J., & Alberts, J. K. (2007). Burned by bullying in the American workplace: Prevalence, perception, degree and impact. Journal of Management Studies, 44, 839–862.
Lyugomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46, 137–155.CrossRef
Markham, S. E., & Halverson, R. R. (2002). Within- and between-entity analyses in multilevel research:: A leadership example using single level analyses and boundary conditions (MRA). The Leadership Quarterly, 13, 35–52.
Markham, S. E., Yammarino, F. J., Murry, W. D., & Palanski, M. E. (2010). Leader-member exchange, shared values, and performance: Agreement and levels of analysis do matter. The Leadership Quarterly, 21, 469–480.CrossRef
Martini, C., Sprenger, J., & Colyvan, M. (2013). Resolving disagreement through mutual respect. Erkenntnis, 78, 881–898.CrossRef
McColl-Kennedy, J. R., & Anderson, R. D. (2005). Subordinate-manager gender combination and perceived leadership style influence on emotions, self-esteem, and organizational commitment. Journal of Business Research, 58, 115–125.CrossRef
Mead, G. H. (1934). Mind, self and society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Murray, S. L., & Holmes, J. G. (2009). The architecture of interdependent minds: A motivation-management theory of mutual responsiveness. Psychological Review, 116, 908–928.CrossRef
Oore, D. G., LeBlanc, D., Day, A., Leiter, M. P., Laschinger, H. K. S., Price, S. I., & Latimer, M. (2010). When respect deteriorates: incivility as a moderator of the stressor–strain relationship among hospital workers. Journal of Nursing Management, 18, 878–888. doi:10.​1111/​j.​1365-2834.​2010.​01139.​x.CrossRef
Prestwich, A., & Lalljee, M. (2009). The determinants and consequences of intragroup respect: An examination within a sporting context. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39, 1229–1253.CrossRef
Rawls, J. (1971). A theory of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Press.
Renger, D., & Simon, B. (2011). Social recognition as an equal: The role of equality-based respect in group life. European Journal of Social Psychology, 41, 501–507. doi:10.​1002/​ejsp.​814.CrossRef
Rogers, C. R. (1959). A theory of therapy, personality and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client centered framework. In S. Koch (Ed.), Psychology: a study of a science, vol III. Formulations of the person and the social context (pp. 184–256). New York: McGraw Hill.
Rusbult, C. E., & Van Lange, P. A. M. (2003). Interdependence, interaction, and relationships. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 351–375.CrossRef
Safran, J. D. (1990). Towards a refinement of cognitive therapy in light of interpersonal theory: I. Theory. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 87–103.CrossRef
Sagie, A., Elizur, D., & Koslowsky, M. (1996). Work values: A theoretical overview and a model of their effects. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17, 503–514.CrossRef
Sallquist, J., DiDonato, M. D., Hanish, L. D., Martin, C. L., & Fabes, R. A. (2012). The importance of mutual positive expressivity in social adjustment: Understanding the role of peers and gender. Emotion, 12(2), 304–313.CrossRef
Sanftner, J. L., Tantillo, M., & Seidlitz, C. S. L. (2004). A pilot investigation of the relation of perceived mutuality to eating disorders in women. Women and Health, 39, 85–100. doi:10.​1300/​j013v39n0105.CrossRef
Schumacher, K. L., Stewart, B. J., Archbold, P. G., Caparro, M., Mutale, F., & Agrawal, S. (2008). Effects of caregiving demand, mutuality and preparedness on family caregiver outcomes during cancer treatment. Oncology Nursing Forum, 35, 49–56. doi:10.​1188/​08.​onf.​49-56.CrossRef
Shapiro, D. L. (2010). Relational identity theory: A systematic approach for transforming the emotional dimension of conflict. American Psychologist, 65(7), 634–645. doi:10.​1037/​a0020004.CrossRef
Shotter, J., & Gergen, K. J. (Eds.). (1989). Texts of identity. Inquiries in social construction series, vol. 2. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.
Smith, H. J., Tyler, T. R., & Huo, Y. J. (2003). Interpersonal treatment, social identity and organizational behaviour. In S. A. Haslam, D. van Knippenberg, M. J. Platow, & N. Ellemers (Eds.), Social identity at work: Developing theory for organizational practice (pp. 155–171). Philadelphia: Psychology Press.
Smith, H., Tyler, T. R., Huo, Y. J., Ortiz, D. J., & Lind, E. A. (1988). The self-relevant implications of the group-value model. Group membership, self-worth and treatment quality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 34, 470–493. doi:10.​1006/​jesp.​1998.​1360.CrossRef
Spears, R., Ellemers, N., Doojse, B., & Branscombe, N. (2006). The individual within the group: Respect!. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2001). Using multivariate statistics (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1986). The social identity theory of inter-group behavior’. In S. Worchel & L. W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
Turban, D. B., & Jones, A. P. (1988). Supervisor-subordinate similarity: Types, effects and Mechanisms. Journal of Applied Psychology, 73, 228–234.CrossRef
Tyler, T. R., & Lind, E. E. (1992). A relational model of authority in groups. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 115–191.CrossRef
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors. Journal of Management, 17, 601–617.CrossRef
Yammarino, F. J., & Dubinsky, A. J. (1992). Superior-subordinate relationships: A multiple levels of analysis approach. Human Relations, 45, 575–600.CrossRef
Yammarino, F. J., Dubinsky, A. J., Comer, L. B., & Jolson, M. A. (1997). Women and transformational and contingent reward leadership: A multiple-levels-of-analysis perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 40, 205–222.
Zayas, L. H., Hausmann-Stabile, C., & Kuhlberg, J. (2011). Can better mother-daughter relationships reduce the chance of suicide attempt among Latinas? Depression Research and Treatment, 201, 1–7. doi:10.​1155/​2011/​403602.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Mutual Recognition Respect Between Leaders and Followers: Its Relationship to Follower Job Performance and Well-Being
Authors
Nicholas Clarke
Nomahaza Mahadi
Publication date
29-06-2015
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Business Ethics / Issue 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Electronic ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2724-z

Other articles of this Issue 1/2017

Journal of Business Ethics 1/2017 Go to the issue

OriginalPaper

A Difficult Burden to Bear: The Managerial Process of Dissonance Resolution in the Face of Mandated Harm-Doing

OriginalPaper

Multi-Level Corporate Responsibility: A Comparison of Gandhi’s Trusteeship with Stakeholder and Stewardship Frameworks

OriginalPaper

To Flatter or To Assert? Gendered Reactions to Machiavellian Leaders

OriginalPaper

The Hero-Leader Matrix in Business and Cinema

OriginalPaper

Linking Ethical Leadership to Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Testing the Multilevel Mediation Role of Organizational Concern

BookReview

Contemplating Rainer Forst’s Justification and Critique: Toward a Critical Theory of Politics and The Right to Justification: Elements of a Constructivist Theory of Justice—Book Reviews