Skip to main content
Disciplines
Automotive Business IT + Informatics Construction + Real Estate Electrical Engineering + Electronics Energy + Sustainability Insurance + Risk Finance + Banking Management + Leadership Marketing + Sales Mechanical Engineering + Materials
Events
DE
EN
Books
Journals
Topic Page
Marketing
Start single access now
Access for companies
EXTENDED SEARCH
Log in
Top
Published in:
Introduction to 2D Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes) Read chapter Read first chapter

2019 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

18. MXenes for Supercapacitor Application

Authors : Zifeng Lin, Patrice Simon

Published in: 2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes)

Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Being one of the key applications of MXenes, MXene-based supercapacitors attracted huge attention for their superior electrochemical performance. In this section, an overview of MXenes as supercapacitor electrodes in various electrolytes is discussed as well as strategies for improving their performance. In aqueous electrolytes, MXenes exhibit capacitive behavior in neutral and alkaline electrolytes, while a pseudocapacitive behavior was observed in acidic electrolytes, resulting in ultrahigh capacitance values up to 370 F g−1 (1500 F cm−3). Studies were extended to nonaqueous electrolytes to achieve large voltage windows (up to 3 V), but were limited by low capacitance values. The effects of surface chemistry on energy storage in MXenes are also discussed. In addition, composite MXene electrodes have been developed to increase the electrical conductivity, the mechanical robustness, or surface accessibility of MXenes. Lastly, MXene-based supercapacitor devices including hybrid, all-solid-state, and micro-supercapacitors are introduced.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

inform now
previous chapter Optical Properties of MXenes
next chapter MXenes for Batteries
Footnotes
1
Ethyl-methyl-imidazole, tri-fluoro-sulfonyl-imide
 
Literature
1.
Simon, P., Gogotsi, Y., & Dunn, B. (2014). Where do batteries end and supercapacitors begin? Science, 343(6176), 1210–1211.CrossRef
2.
Béguin, F., Presser, V., Balducci, A., & Frackowiak, E. (2014). Carbons and electrolytes for advanced supercapacitors. Advanced Materials, 26(14), 2219–2251.CrossRef
3.
Boisset, A., Athouël, L., Jacquemin, J., Porion, P., Brousse, T., & Anouti, M. (2013). Comparative performances of cirnessite and cryptomelane MnO2 as electrode material in neutral aqueous lithium salt for supercapacitor application. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 117(15), 7408–7422.CrossRef
4.
Shimizu, W., Makino, S., Takahashi, K., Imanishi, N., & Sugimoto, W. (2013). Development of a 4.2 V aqueous hybrid electrochemical capacitor based on MnO2 positive and protected Li negative electrodes. Journal of Power Sources, 241, 572–577.CrossRef
5.
Okubo, M., Hosono, E., Kim, J., Enomoto, M., Kojima, N., Kudo, T., et al. (2007). Nanosize effect on high-rate Li- ion intercalation in LiCoO2 electrode. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 129(23), 7444–7452.CrossRef
6.
Galiński, M., Lewandowski, A., & Stępniak, I. (2006). Ionic liquids as electrolytes. Electrochimica Acta, 51(26), 5567–5580.CrossRef
7.
Negre, L., Daffos, B., Taberna, P. L., & Simon, P. (2015). Solvent-free electrolytes for electrical double layer capacitors. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 162(5), A5037–A5040.CrossRef
8.
Neouze, M. A., Le Bideau, J., Gaveau, P., Bellayer, S., & Vioux, A. (2006). Ionogels, new materials arising from the confinement of ionic liquids within silica-derived networks. Chemistry of Materials, 18(17), 3931–3936.CrossRef
9.
Shimano, S., Zhou, H., & Honma, I. (2007). Preparation of nanohybrid solid-state electrolytes with liquidlike Mobilities by solidifying ionic liquids with silica particles. Chemistry of Materials, 19(22), 5216–5221.CrossRef
10.
Mourad, E., Coustan, L., Lannelongue, P., Zigah, D., Mehdi, A., Vioux, A., et al. (2017). Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. Nature Materials, 16(4), 446–453.CrossRef
11.
Forgie, J. C., & Rochefort, D. (2013). Electroactive imidazolium salts based on 1,4-dimethoxybenzene redox groups: Synthesis and electrochemical characterisation. RSC Advances, 3(30), 12035–12038.CrossRef
12.
Mourad, E., Coustan, L., Lannelongue, P., Zigah, D., Mehdi, A., Vioux, A., et al. (2016). Biredox ionic liquids with solid-like redox density in the liquid state for high-energy supercapacitors. Nature Materials, 16, 446.CrossRef
13.
Bodin, C., Mourad, E., Zigah, D., Le Vot, S., Freunberger, S. A., Favier, F., et al. (2018). Biredox ionic liquids: New opportunities toward high performance supercapacitors. Faraday Discussions, 206(0), 393–404.CrossRef
14.
Suo, L., Borodin, O., Gao, T., Olguin, M., Ho, J., Fan, X., et al. (2015). “Water-in-salt” electrolyte enables high- voltage aqueous lithium-ion chemistries. Science, 350(6263), 938–943.CrossRef
15.
Gambou-Bosca, A., & Bélanger, D. (2016). Electrochemical characterization of MnO2-based composite in the presence of salt-in-water and water-in-salt electrolytes as electrode for electrochemical capacitors. Journal of Power Sources, 326, 595–603.CrossRef
16.
Lannelongue, P., Bouchal, R., Mourad, E., Bodin, C., Olarte, M., le Vot, S., et al. (2018). “Water-in-salt” for supercapacitors: A compromise between voltage, power density, energy density and stability. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 165(3), A657–A663.CrossRef
17.
Anasori, B., Lukatskaya, M. R., & Gogotsi, Y. (2017). 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage. Nature Reviews Materials, 2(2), 16098.CrossRef
18.
Lukatskaya, M. R., Mashtalir, O., Ren, C. E., Dall’Agnese, Y., Rozier, P., Taberna, P. L., et al. (2013). Cation intercalation and high volumetric capacitance of two-dimensional titanium carbide. Science, 341(6153), 1502–1505.CrossRef
19.
Levi, M. D., Lukatskaya, M. R., Sigalov, S., Beidaghi, M., Shpigel, N., Daikhin, L., et al. (2015). Solving the capacitive paradox of 2D MXene using electrochemical quartz-crystal admittance and in situ electronic conductance measurements. Advanced Energy Materials, 5(1), 1400815.CrossRef
20.
Come, J., Black, J. M., Lukatskaya, M. R., Naguib, M., Beidaghi, M., Rondinone, A. J., et al. (2015). Controlling the actuation properties of MXene paper electrodes upon cation intercalation. Nano Energy, 17, 27–35.CrossRef
21.
Ghidiu, M., Lukatskaya, M. R., Zhao, M.-Q., Gogotsi, Y., & Barsoum, M. W. (2014). Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance. Nature, 516(7529), 78–81.CrossRef
22.
Lukatskaya, M. R., Bak, S.-M., Yu, X., Yang, X.-Q., Barsoum, M. W., & Gogotsi, Y. (2015). Probing the mechanism of high capacitance in 2D titanium carbide using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Advanced Energy Materials, 5(15), 1500589.CrossRef
23.
Hu, M., Li, Z., Hu, T., Zhu, S., Zhang, C., & Wang, X. (2016). High-capacitance mechanism for Ti3C2Tx MXene by in situ electrochemical Raman spectroscopy investigation. ACS Nano, 10(12), 11344–11350.CrossRef
24.
Zhan, C., Naguib, M., Lukatskaya, M., Kent, P. R. C., Gogotsi, Y., & D-e, J. (2018). Understanding the MXene pseudocapacitance. The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 9(6), 1223–1228.CrossRef
25.
Lukatskaya, M. R., Kota, S., Lin, Z., Zhao, M.-Q., Shpigel, N., Levi, M. D., et al. (2017). Ultra-high-rate pseudocapacitive energy storage in two-dimensional transition metal carbides. Nature Energy, 2(8), 17105.CrossRef
26.
Mashtalir, O., Naguib, M., Mochalin, V. N., Dall’Agnese, Y., Heon, M., Barsoum, M. W., et al. (2013). Intercalation and delamination of layered carbides and carbonitrides. Nature Communications, 4, 1716.CrossRef
27.
Halim, J., Cook, K. M., Naguib, M., Eklund, P., Gogotsi, Y., Rosen, J., et al. (2016). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of select multi-layered transition metal carbides (MXenes). Applied Surface Science, 362, 406–417.CrossRef
28.
Zha, X. H., Luo, K., Li, Q. W., Huang, Q., He, J., Wen, X. D., et al. (2015). Role of the surface effect on the structural, electronic and mechanical properties of the carbide MXenes. EPL, 111(2), 26007.CrossRef
29.
Xie, Y., Naguib, M., Mochalin, V. N., Barsoum, M. W., Gogotsi, Y., Yu, X., et al. (2014). Role of surface structure on Li-ion energy storage capacity of two-dimensional transition-metal carbides. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 136(17), 6385–6394.CrossRef
30.
Dall’Agnese, Y., Lukatskaya, M. R., Cook, K. M., Taberna, P. L., Gogotsi, Y., & Simon, P. (2014). High capacitance of surface-modified 2D titanium carbide in acidic electrolyte. Electrochemistry Communications, 48, 118–122.CrossRef
31.
Hope, M. A., Forse, A. C., Griffith, K. J., Lukatskaya, M. R., Ghidiu, M., Gogotsi, Y., et al. (2016). NMR reveals the surface functionalisation of Ti3C2 MXene. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 18(7), 5099–5102.CrossRef
32.
Ingemar, P., Lars-Åke, N., Joseph, H., Michel, W. B., Vanya, D., Justinas, P., et al. (2018). On the organization and thermal behavior of functional groups on Ti3C2 MXene surfaces in vacuum. 2D Materials, 5(1), 015002.
33.
Li, J., Yuan, X., Lin, C., Yang, Y., Xu, L., Du, X., et al. (2017). Achieving high pseudocapacitance of 2D titanium carbide (MXene) by cation intercalation and surface modification. Advanced Energy Materials, 7(15), 1602725.CrossRef
34.
Yoon, Y., Lee, M., Kim, S. K., Bae, G., Song, W., Myung, S., et al. (2018). A strategy for synthesis of carbon nitride induced chemically doped 2D MXene for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes. Advanced Energy Materials, 8(15), 1703173.CrossRef
35.
Wen, Y., Rufford, T. E., Chen, X., Li, N., Lyu, M., Dai, L., et al. (2017). Nitrogen-doped Ti3C2Tx MXene electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. Nano Energy, 38, 368–376.CrossRef
36.
Sang, X., Xie, Y., Lin, M.-W., Alhabeb, M., Van Aken, K. L., Gogotsi, Y., et al. (2016). Atomic defects in monolayer titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx) MXene. ACS Nano. 10 9193–9200.
37.
Tao, Q., Dahlqvist, M., Lu, J., Kota, S., Meshkian, R., Halim, J., et al. (2017). Two-dimensional Mo1.33C MXene with divacancy ordering prepared from parent 3D laminate with in-plane chemical ordering. Nature Communications, 8, 14949.CrossRef
38.
Dall’Agnese, Y., Rozier, P., Taberna, P.-L., Gogotsi, Y., & Simon, P. (2016). Capacitance of two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene) and MXene/carbon nanotube composites in organic electrolytes. Journal of Power Sources, 306, 510–515.CrossRef
39.
Lin, Z., Barbara, D., Taberna, P.-L., Van Aken, K. L., Anasori, B., Gogotsi, Y., et al. (2016). Capacitance of Ti3C2Tx MXene in ionic liquid electrolyte. Journal of Power Sources, 326, 575–579.CrossRef
40.
Lin, Z., Rozier, P., Duployer, B., Taberna, P.-L., Anasori, B., Gogotsi, Y., et al. (2016). Electrochemical and in-situ X-ray diffraction studies of Ti3C2Tx MXene in ionic liquid electrolyte. Electrochemistry Communications, 72, 50–53.CrossRef
41.
Jäckel, N., Krüner, B., Van Aken, K. L., Alhabeb, M., Anasori, B., Kaasik, F., et al. (2016). Electrochemical in situ tracking of volumetric changes in two-dimensional metal carbides (MXenes) in ionic liquids. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(47), 32089–32093.CrossRef
42.
Xu, K., Lin, Z., Merlet, C., Taberna, P. L., Miao, L., Jiang, J., et al. (2018). Tracking ionic rearrangements and interpreting dynamic volumetric changes in two-dimensional metal carbide supercapacitors: A molecular dynamics simulation study. ChemSusChem, 11(12), 1892–1899.CrossRef
43.
Conway, B. E., Birss, V., & Wojtowicz, J. (1997). The role and utilization of pseudocapacitance for energy storage by supercapacitors. Journal of Power Sources, 66(1–2), 1–14.CrossRef
44.
Zhu, K., Zhang, H., Ye, K., Zhao, W., Yan, J., Cheng, K., et al. (2017). Two-dimensional titanium carbide MXene as a capacitor-type electrode for rechargeable aqueous Li-ion and Na-ion capacitor batteries. ChemElectroChem, 4(11), 3018–3025.CrossRef
45.
Ling, Z., Ren, C. E., Zhao, M.-Q., Yang, J., Giammarco, J. M., Qiu, J., et al. (2014). Flexible and conductive MXene films and nanocomposites with high capacitance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(47), 16676–16681.CrossRef
46.
Xie, X., Zhao, M.-Q., Anasori, B., Maleski, K., Ren, C. E., Li, J., et al. (2016). Porous heterostructured MXene/carbon nanotube composite paper with high volumetric capacity for sodium-based energy storage devices. Nano Energy, 26, 513–523.CrossRef
47.
Li, L., Wang, F., Zhu, J., & Wu, W. (2017). The facile synthesis of layered Ti2C MXene/carbon nanotube composite paper with enhanced electrochemical properties. Dalton Transactions, 46(43), 14880–14887.CrossRef
48.
Wang, Y., Dou, H., Wang, J., Ding, B., Xu, Y., Chang, Z., et al. (2016). Three-dimensional porous MXene/layered double hydroxide composite for high performance supercapacitors. Journal of Power Sources, 327, 221–228.CrossRef
49.
Yan, P., Zhang, R., Jia, J., Wu, C., Zhou, A., Xu, J., et al. (2015). Enhanced supercapacitive performance of delaminated two-dimensional titanium carbide/carbon nanotube composites in alkaline electrolyte. Journal of Power Sources, 284, 38–43.CrossRef
50.
Boota, M., Anasori, B., Voigt, C., Zhao, M.-Q., Barsoum, M. W., & Gogotsi, Y. (2016). Pseudocapacitive electrodes produced by oxidant-free polymerization of pyrrole between the layers of 2D titanium carbide (MXene). Advanced Materials, 28(7), 1517–1522.CrossRef
51.
Li, H., Hou, Y., Wang, F., Lohe, M. R., Zhuang, X., Niu, L., et al. (2017). Flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors with high volumetric capacitances boosted by solution processable MXene and electrochemically exfoliated graphene. Advanced Energy Materials, 7(4), 1601847.CrossRef
52.
Luo, J., Zhang, W., Yuan, H., Jin, C., Zhang, L., Huang, H., et al. (2017). Pillared structure design of MXene with ultralarge interlayer spacing for high-performance lithium-ion capacitors. ACS Nano, 11(3), 2459–2469.CrossRef
53.
Yan, J., Ren, C. E., Maleski, K., Hatter, C. B., Anasori, B., Urbankowski, P., et al. (2017). Flexible MXene/graphene films for ultrafast supercapacitors with outstanding volumetric capacitance. Advanced Functional Materials, 27(30), 1701264.CrossRef
54.
Zhu, M., Huang, Y., Deng, Q., Zhou, J., Pei, Z., Xue, Q., et al. (2016). Highly flexible, freestanding supercapacitor electrode with enhanced performance obtained by hybridizing polypyrrole chains with MXene. Advanced Energy Materials, 6(21), 1600969.CrossRef
55.
Zhao, M.-Q., Ren, C. E., Ling, Z., Lukatskaya, M. R., Zhang, C., Van Aken, K. L., et al. (2015). Flexible MXene/carbon nanotube composite paper with high volumetric capacitance. Advanced Materials, 27(2), 339–345.CrossRef
56.
Yang, Q., Xu, Z., Fang, B., Huang, T., Cai, S., Chen, H., et al. (2017). MXene/graphene hybrid fibers for high performance flexible supercapacitors. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 5(42), 22113–22119.CrossRef
57.
Zhao, C., Wang, Q., Zhang, H., Passerini, S., & Qian, X. (2016). Two-dimensional titanium carbide/RGO composite for high-performance supercapacitors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(24), 15661–15667.CrossRef
58.
Zhu, J., Tang, Y., Yang, C., Wang, F., & Cao, M. (2016). Composites of TiO2 nanoparticles deposited on Ti3C2 MXene nanosheets with enhanced electrochemical performance. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 163(5), A785–A791.CrossRef
59.
Lu, X., Zhu, J., Wu, W., & Zhang, B. (2017). Hierarchical architecture of PANI@TiO2/Ti3C2Tx ternary composite electrode for enhanced electrochemical performance. Electrochimica Acta, 228, 282–289.
60.
Wang, F., Cao, M., Qin, Y., Zhu, J., Wang, L., & Tang, Y. (2016). ZnO nanoparticle-decorated two-dimensional titanium carbide with enhanced supercapacitive performance. RSC Advances, 6(92), 88934–88942.CrossRef
61.
Rakhi, R. B., Ahmed, B., Anjum, D., & Alshareef, H. N. (2016). Direct chemical synthesis of MnO2 nanowhiskers on transition-metal carbide surfaces for supercapacitor applications. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 8(29), 18806–18814.CrossRef
62.
Tang, Y., Zhu, J., Yang, C., & Wang, F. (2016). Enhanced supercapacitive performance of manganese oxides doped two-dimensional titanium carbide nanocomposite in alkaline electrolyte. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 685, 194–201.CrossRef
63.
Zhang, C., Beidaghi, M., Naguib, M., Lukatskaya, M. R., Zhao, M.-Q., Dyatkin, B., et al. (2016). Synthesis and charge storage properties of hierarchical niobium pentoxide/carbon/niobium carbide (MXene) hybrid materials. Chemistry of Materials, 28(11), 3937–3943.CrossRef
64.
Zhu, J., Lu, X., & Wang, L. (2016). Synthesis of a MoO3/Ti3C2Tx composite with enhanced capacitive performance for supercapacitors. RSC Advances, 6(100), 98506–98513.CrossRef
65.
Navarro-Suárez, A. M., Van Aken, K. L., Mathis, T., Makaryan, T., Yan, J., Carretero-González, J., et al. (2018). Development of asymmetric supercapacitors with titanium carbide-reduced graphene oxide couples as electrodes. Electrochimica Acta, 259, 752–761.CrossRef
66.
Xia, Q. X., Fu, J., Yun, J. M., Mane, R. S., & Kim, K. H. (2017). High volumetric energy density annealed-MXene-nickel oxide/MXene asymmetric supercapacitor. RSC Advances, 7(18), 11000–11011.CrossRef
67.
Jiang, Q., Kurra, N., Alhabeb, M., Gogotsi, Y., & Alshareef, H. N. (2018). All pseudocapacitive MXene-RuO2 asymmetric supercapacitors. Advanced Energy Materials, 8(13), 1703043.CrossRef
68.
Li, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., & Zhang, Z. (2017). New Ti3C2 aerogel as promising negative electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors. Journal of Power Sources, 364, 234–241.CrossRef
69.
Zhao, R., Wang, M., Zhao, D., Li, H., Wang, C., & Yin, L. (2018). Molecular-level Heterostructures assembled from titanium carbide MXene and Ni–Co–Al layered double-hydroxide nanosheets for all-solid-state flexible asymmetric high-energy supercapacitors. ACS Energy Letters, 3(1), 132–140.CrossRef
70.
Wang, X., Mathis, T. S., Li, K., Lin, Z., Vlcek, L., Torita, T., Osti, N. C., Hatter, C., Urbankowski, P., Sarycheva, A., Tyagi, M., Mamontov, E., Simon, P., & Gogotsi, Y. (2019). Influences from solvents on charge storage in titanium carbide MXenes. Nature Energy, 4(3), 241–248.CrossRef
71.
Lu, X., Yu, M., Wang, G., Tong, Y., & Li, Y. (2014). Flexible solid-state supercapacitors: Design, fabrication and applications. Energy & Environmental Science, 7(7), 2160–2181.CrossRef
72.
Peng, Y.-Y., Akuzum, B., Kurra, N., Zhao, M.-Q., Alhabeb, M., Anasori, B., et al. (2016). All-MXene (2D titanium carbide) solid-state microsupercapacitors for on-chip energy storage. Energy & Environmental Science, 9(9), 2847–2854.CrossRef
73.
Hu, M., Li, Z., Li, G., Hu, T., Zhang, C., & Wang, X. (2017). All-solid-state flexible fiber-based MXene supercapacitors. Advanced Materials Technologies, 2(10), 1700143.CrossRef
74.
Qin, L., Tao, Q., El Ghazaly, A., Fernandez-Rodriguez, J., Persson, P. O. Å., Rosen, J., et al. (2018). High-performance ultrathin flexible solid-state supercapacitors based on solution processable Mo1.33C MXene and PEDOT:PSS. Advanced Functional Materials, 28(2), 1703808.CrossRef
75.
Kurra, N., Ahmed, B., Gogotsi, Y., & Alshareef, H. N. (2016). MXene-on-Paper Coplanar Microsupercapacitors. Advanced Energy Materials, 6(24), 1601372.CrossRef
76.
Zhang, C. J., Kremer, M. P., Seral-Ascaso, A., Park, S.-H., McEvoy, N., Anasori, B., et al. (2018). Stamping of flexible, coplanar micro-supercapacitors using MXene inks. Advanced Functional Materials, 28(9), 1705506.CrossRef
Metadata
Title
MXenes for Supercapacitor Application
Authors
Zifeng Lin
Patrice Simon
Copyright Year
2019
Book
2D Metal Carbides and Nitrides (MXenes)

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-19025-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-19026-2

Copyright Year: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-19026-2_18