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Published in:
Global Change Research II: Some Keys to the Climate/Energy Crisis Read chapter Read first chapter

2013 | OriginalPaper | Chapter

7. New Energy Sources and CO2 Treatment

Authors : Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi

Published in: Global Change, Energy Issues and Regulation Policies

Publisher: Springer Netherlands

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Abstract

The conversion of CO2 through the use of renewable energy sources offers new possibilities to develop innovative new approaches to improve sustainability of chemical and energy production. After introducing the topic, this chapter discusses the reuse of CO2 as a valuable carbon source and an effective way to introduce renewable energy in the chemical industry value chain, to improve resource efficiency, and to limit greenhouse gas emissions. The specific challenge of using CO2 for the production of light olefins (ethylene, propylene) is discussed. The recycling of CO2 back to fuels using sunlight (solar fuels) is also briefly analyzed to demonstrate a relevant opportunity to develop effective energy vectors for the storage of solar energy integrated into the existing energy infrastructure and allowing a smooth but fast transition to a more sustainable energy future. The role of these topics for the future strategies of chemical and energy industries, especially in terms of resource efficiency, is also highlighted.

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previous chapter CO2 Capture Transport and Storage, a Promising Technology for Limiting Climate Change
next chapter Introduction to Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies and Their Contribution to a Sustainable Energy Future
Footnotes
1
Carbon capture and storage (CCS), is a technology to prevent large quantities of CO2 from being released into the atmosphere from the use of fossil fuels in power generation and other industries. The process is based on capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources, such as fossil fuel power plants, and storing it in such a way that it does not enter the atmosphere.
 
2
Olefin, also called alkene, is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked by a double bond.
 
3
An endothermic reaction needs external heat to be provided to the system.
 
4
Syngas (from synthetic gas or synthesis gas) is the name given to a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H2). Examples of production methods include steam reforming of natural gas or liquid hydrocarbons, the gasification of coal and biomass, and in some types of waste-to-energy gasification facilities.
 
5
An exothermic reaction creates heat that must be evacuated to the external ambient.
 
6
Formic acid (also called methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid. Its chemical formula is HCOOH or HCO2H.
 
7
Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler, or steam generator. Quite often, the flue gas refers to the combustion exhaust gas produced at power plants. Its composition depends on what is being burned, but it will usually consist of mostly nitrogen (typically more than two thirds) derived from the combustion air, carbon dioxide (CO2), and water vapor as well as excess oxygen.
 
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Metadata
Title
New Energy Sources and CO2 Treatment
Authors
Siglinda Perathoner
Gabriele Centi
Copyright Year
2013
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Book
Global Change, Energy Issues and Regulation Policies

Print ISBN: 978-94-007-6660-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-94-007-6661-7

Copyright Year: 2013

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6661-7_7