Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Meccanica 10/2022

08-09-2022

Nonlinear mesh stiffness model using slice coupling for straight bevel gear considering axial mesh force component and extended tooth contact

Authors: Siyu Chen, Rulong Tan, Xiaodong Guo, Weiqing Zhang, Ruizhi Shu

Published in: Meccanica | Issue 10/2022

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

As one of the most important dynamic excitation sources of the gear system, time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS) is a key parameter of the gear system dynamics model. To calculate the mesh stiffness of straight bevel gears, a semi-analytical model for calculating the single mesh stiffness (SMS) was proposed based on the infinitesimal method and energy equivalence theory, considering the real transition surface of the tooth root, elastic coupling effects between tooth segments, and nonlinear contact between tooth pairs. Based on the principle of deformation compatibility and force balance and considering the extended tooth contact, which is the phenomenon of the incoming tooth pair coming in contact ahead of the theoretical start of contact and the outgoing tooth pair coming out of contact later than the theoretical end of contact, a semi-analytical calculation model of TVMS was established. Based on the analytical model, the TVMS with different torques and gear parameters was compared with that obtained from the finite element method (FEM). The causes of errors were then analyzed to verify the validity of the semi-analytical method. The results show that the mesh stiffness calculated by the semi-analytical model is in good agreement with that calculated by the FEM, and the calculation efficiency is considerably higher than that of the FEM. Finally, the influence of the gear parameters on the mesh stiffness is analyzed. This study is expected to be helpful in further enriching and developing the calculation theory of gear stiffness and providing a theoretical tool for gear dynamics research.

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Appendix
Available only for authorised users
Literature
1.
go back to reference Simon VV (2017) Optimal machine tool settings for face-hobbed hypoid gears manufactured on CNC hypoid generator. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88:1579–1594CrossRef Simon VV (2017) Optimal machine tool settings for face-hobbed hypoid gears manufactured on CNC hypoid generator. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 88:1579–1594CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Simon VV (2014) Optimization of face-hobbed hypoid gears. Mech Mach Theory 77:164–181CrossRef Simon VV (2014) Optimization of face-hobbed hypoid gears. Mech Mach Theory 77:164–181CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Kiekbusch T, Sappok D, Sauer B, Howard I (2011) Calculation of the combined torsional mesh stiffness of spur gears with two- and three-dimensional parametrical FE models. J Mech Eng 57:810–818CrossRef Kiekbusch T, Sappok D, Sauer B, Howard I (2011) Calculation of the combined torsional mesh stiffness of spur gears with two- and three-dimensional parametrical FE models. J Mech Eng 57:810–818CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Chen Z, Zhou Z, Zhai W, Wang K (2020) Improved analytical calculation model of spur gear mesh excitations with tooth profile deviations. Mech Mach Theory 149. Chen Z, Zhou Z, Zhai W, Wang K (2020) Improved analytical calculation model of spur gear mesh excitations with tooth profile deviations. Mech Mach Theory 149.
5.
go back to reference Chen Z, Shao Y (2013) Mesh stiffness calculation of a spur gear pair with tooth profile modification and tooth root crack. Mech Mach Theory 62:63–74CrossRef Chen Z, Shao Y (2013) Mesh stiffness calculation of a spur gear pair with tooth profile modification and tooth root crack. Mech Mach Theory 62:63–74CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Chen Z, Shao Y (2013) Mesh stiffness of an internal spur gear pair with ring gear rim deformation. Mech Mach Theory 69:1–12CrossRef Chen Z, Shao Y (2013) Mesh stiffness of an internal spur gear pair with ring gear rim deformation. Mech Mach Theory 69:1–12CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Weber C (1949) The deformation of loaded gears and the effect on their load carrying capacity. in: Report No. 3, Sponsored research (Germany). British Dept. of Sci. and Ind.Res. Weber C (1949) The deformation of loaded gears and the effect on their load carrying capacity. in: Report No. 3, Sponsored research (Germany). British Dept. of Sci. and Ind.Res.
8.
go back to reference Cornell RW (1981) Compliance and stress sensitivity of spur gear teeth. ASME J Mech Des 103:447–459 Cornell RW (1981) Compliance and stress sensitivity of spur gear teeth. ASME J Mech Des 103:447–459
9.
go back to reference Chaari F, Fakhfakh T, Haddar M (2009) Analytical modelling of spur gear tooth crack and influence on gearmesh stiffness. Eur J Mech A/Solids 28:461–468CrossRef Chaari F, Fakhfakh T, Haddar M (2009) Analytical modelling of spur gear tooth crack and influence on gearmesh stiffness. Eur J Mech A/Solids 28:461–468CrossRef
10.
go back to reference Chaari F, Baccar W, Abbes MS, Haddar M (2008) Effect of spalling or tooth breakage on gearmesh stiffness and dynamic response of a one-stage spur gear transmission. Eur J Mech A/Solids 27:691–705CrossRef Chaari F, Baccar W, Abbes MS, Haddar M (2008) Effect of spalling or tooth breakage on gearmesh stiffness and dynamic response of a one-stage spur gear transmission. Eur J Mech A/Solids 27:691–705CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Ma H, Zeng J, Feng R, Pang X, Wen B (2016) An improved analytical method for mesh stiffness calculation of spur gears with tip relief. Mech Mach Theory 98:64–80CrossRef Ma H, Zeng J, Feng R, Pang X, Wen B (2016) An improved analytical method for mesh stiffness calculation of spur gears with tip relief. Mech Mach Theory 98:64–80CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Ma H, Pang X, Feng R, Zeng J, Wen B (2015) Improved time-varying mesh stiffness model of cracked spur gears. Eng Fail Anal 55:271–287CrossRef Ma H, Pang X, Feng R, Zeng J, Wen B (2015) Improved time-varying mesh stiffness model of cracked spur gears. Eng Fail Anal 55:271–287CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Ma H, Feng M, Li Z, Feng R, Wen B (2017) Time-varying mesh characteristics of a spur gear pair considering the tip-fillet and friction. Meccanica 52:1695–1709MathSciNetCrossRef Ma H, Feng M, Li Z, Feng R, Wen B (2017) Time-varying mesh characteristics of a spur gear pair considering the tip-fillet and friction. Meccanica 52:1695–1709MathSciNetCrossRef
14.
go back to reference Wang Q, Xu K, Huai T, Ma H, Wang K (2021) A mesh stiffness method using slice coupling for spur gear pairs with misalignment and lead crown relief. Appl Math Model 90:845–861MathSciNetCrossRef Wang Q, Xu K, Huai T, Ma H, Wang K (2021) A mesh stiffness method using slice coupling for spur gear pairs with misalignment and lead crown relief. Appl Math Model 90:845–861MathSciNetCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Wei J, Zhang A, Wang G, Qin D, Lim TC, Wang Y, Lin T (2018) A study of nonlinear excitation modeling of helical gears with Modification: Theoretical analysis and experiments. Mech Mach Theory 128:314–335CrossRef Wei J, Zhang A, Wang G, Qin D, Lim TC, Wang Y, Lin T (2018) A study of nonlinear excitation modeling of helical gears with Modification: Theoretical analysis and experiments. Mech Mach Theory 128:314–335CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Wan Z, Cao H, Zi Y, He W, Chen Y (2015) Mesh stiffness calculation using an accumulated integral potential energy method and dynamic analysis of helical gears. Mech Mach Theory 92:447–463CrossRef Wan Z, Cao H, Zi Y, He W, Chen Y (2015) Mesh stiffness calculation using an accumulated integral potential energy method and dynamic analysis of helical gears. Mech Mach Theory 92:447–463CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Jin CW, Ho PJ, Gil YH, Jun PY, Chul KS, Hyeon SJ, Ho LG (2021) Improved analytical model for calculating mesh stiffness and transmission error of helical gears considering trochoidal root profile. Mech Mach Theory 163. Jin CW, Ho PJ, Gil YH, Jun PY, Chul KS, Hyeon SJ, Ho LG (2021) Improved analytical model for calculating mesh stiffness and transmission error of helical gears considering trochoidal root profile. Mech Mach Theory 163.
18.
go back to reference Wang Q, Zhao B, Fu Y, Kong X, Ma H (2018) An improved time-varying mesh stiffness model for helical gear pairs considering axial mesh force component. Mech Syst Signal Pr 106:413–429CrossRef Wang Q, Zhao B, Fu Y, Kong X, Ma H (2018) An improved time-varying mesh stiffness model for helical gear pairs considering axial mesh force component. Mech Syst Signal Pr 106:413–429CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Ajmi M, Velex P (2003) A model for simulating the quasi-static and dynamic behaviour of solid wide-faced spur and helical gears. Mech Mach Theory 40:173–190CrossRef Ajmi M, Velex P (2003) A model for simulating the quasi-static and dynamic behaviour of solid wide-faced spur and helical gears. Mech Mach Theory 40:173–190CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Yu W, Mechefske CK (2019) A New Model for the Single Mesh Stiffness Calculation of Helical Gears Using the Slicing Principle. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 43:503–515CrossRef Yu W, Mechefske CK (2019) A New Model for the Single Mesh Stiffness Calculation of Helical Gears Using the Slicing Principle. Iran J Sci Technol Trans Mech Eng 43:503–515CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Chen JS, Litvin FL, Shabana AA (1994) Computerized simulation of meshing and contact of loaded gear drives. In: Proceedings of international gearing conference, Newcastle Upon Tyne, pp 161–166. Chen JS, Litvin FL, Shabana AA (1994) Computerized simulation of meshing and contact of loaded gear drives. In: Proceedings of international gearing conference, Newcastle Upon Tyne, pp 161–166.
22.
go back to reference Litvin FL, Chen JS, Lu J, Handschuh RF (1996) Application of finite element analysis for determination of load share, real contact ratio, precision of motion, and stress analysis. J Mech Des 118:561–567CrossRef Litvin FL, Chen JS, Lu J, Handschuh RF (1996) Application of finite element analysis for determination of load share, real contact ratio, precision of motion, and stress analysis. J Mech Des 118:561–567CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Gagnon Ph, Gosselin C, Cloutier L (1996) Analysis of spur, helical and straight bevel gear teeth deflection by finite strip method. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Gears, Dresden pp. 909±921. Gagnon Ph, Gosselin C, Cloutier L (1996) Analysis of spur, helical and straight bevel gear teeth deflection by finite strip method. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Gears, Dresden pp. 909±921.
24.
go back to reference Marambedu KR (2009) Development of a procedure for the analysis of load distribution, stresses and transmission error of straight bevel gears. Master's Thesis. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, America. Marambedu KR (2009) Development of a procedure for the analysis of load distribution, stresses and transmission error of straight bevel gears. Master's Thesis. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, America.
25.
go back to reference Handschuh RF (1997) Recent advances in the analysis of spiral bevel gears. In: Proceedings of MTM'97 international conference on mechanical transmissions and mechanisms, Tianjin, pp. 635–641. Handschuh RF (1997) Recent advances in the analysis of spiral bevel gears. In: Proceedings of MTM'97 international conference on mechanical transmissions and mechanisms, Tianjin, pp. 635–641.
26.
go back to reference Huang C, Li R, Zheng C (1992) Tooth contact finite element analysis for spiral and hypoid gears. In: 6th International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, Scottsdale. Huang C, Li R, Zheng C (1992) Tooth contact finite element analysis for spiral and hypoid gears. In: 6th International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, Scottsdale.
27.
go back to reference Tang J, Pu T (2011) Meshing stiffness calculation of spiral bevel gears based on finite element method. J Mech Eng 47:23–29CrossRef Tang J, Pu T (2011) Meshing stiffness calculation of spiral bevel gears based on finite element method. J Mech Eng 47:23–29CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Mennem RC (2004) Parametrically excited vibrations in spiral bevel geared systems. Master's Thesis. West Lafayette:Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, America. Mennem RC (2004) Parametrically excited vibrations in spiral bevel geared systems. Master's Thesis. West Lafayette:Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, America.
29.
go back to reference Yavuz SD, Saribay ZB, Cigeroglu E (2018) Nonlinear time-varying dynamic analysis of a spiral bevel geared system. Nonlinear Dyn 92:1901–1919CrossRef Yavuz SD, Saribay ZB, Cigeroglu E (2018) Nonlinear time-varying dynamic analysis of a spiral bevel geared system. Nonlinear Dyn 92:1901–1919CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Simon VV (2000) FEM stress analysis in hypoid gears. Mech Mach Theory 35:1197–1220CrossRef Simon VV (2000) FEM stress analysis in hypoid gears. Mech Mach Theory 35:1197–1220CrossRef
31.
go back to reference Wang Q, Zhou C, Gui LJ, Fan ZJ (2017) Constraint method of calculating tooth bending deformation of hypoid gears in LTCA. J Aerosp Power 32:2800–2807 Wang Q, Zhou C, Gui LJ, Fan ZJ (2017) Constraint method of calculating tooth bending deformation of hypoid gears in LTCA. J Aerosp Power 32:2800–2807
32.
go back to reference Lee K, Song M, Seo J (2019) Finite element modeling and fatigue analysis of hypoid gears installed in a power transfer unit with a correlational study based on an experimental investigation. J Mech Sci Technol 33:2797–2807CrossRef Lee K, Song M, Seo J (2019) Finite element modeling and fatigue analysis of hypoid gears installed in a power transfer unit with a correlational study based on an experimental investigation. J Mech Sci Technol 33:2797–2807CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Vijayakar SM (1991) A combined surface integral and finite element solution for a three-dimensional contact problem. Int J Numer Methods Eng 31:525–545CrossRef Vijayakar SM (1991) A combined surface integral and finite element solution for a three-dimensional contact problem. Int J Numer Methods Eng 31:525–545CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Vaidyanathan S, Houser DR, Busby HR (1993) A Rayleigh-Ritz approach to determine compliance and root stresses in spiral bevel gears using shell theory. AGMA, Technical Paper No. 93FTM03. Vaidyanathan S, Houser DR, Busby HR (1993) A Rayleigh-Ritz approach to determine compliance and root stresses in spiral bevel gears using shell theory. AGMA, Technical Paper No. 93FTM03.
35.
go back to reference Elkholy AH, Elsharkawy AA, Yigit AS (1998) Effect of meshing tooth stiffness and manufacturing error on the analysis of straight bevel gears*. Mech Struct Mach 26(1):41–61CrossRef Elkholy AH, Elsharkawy AA, Yigit AS (1998) Effect of meshing tooth stiffness and manufacturing error on the analysis of straight bevel gears*. Mech Struct Mach 26(1):41–61CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Kolivand M, Kahraman A (2009) A load distribution model for hypoid gears using ease-off topography and shell theory. Mech Mach Theory 44(10):1848–1865CrossRef Kolivand M, Kahraman A (2009) A load distribution model for hypoid gears using ease-off topography and shell theory. Mech Mach Theory 44(10):1848–1865CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Perez IG, Iserte JL, Fuentes A (2011) Implementation of Hertz theory and validation of a finite element model for stress analysis of gear drives with localized bearing contact. Mech Mach Theory 46(6):765–783CrossRef Perez IG, Iserte JL, Fuentes A (2011) Implementation of Hertz theory and validation of a finite element model for stress analysis of gear drives with localized bearing contact. Mech Mach Theory 46(6):765–783CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Vivet M, Mundo D, Tamarozzi T (2018) An analytical model for accurate and numerically efficient tooth contact analysis under load, applied to face-milled spiral bevel gears. Mech Mach Theory 130:137–156CrossRef Vivet M, Mundo D, Tamarozzi T (2018) An analytical model for accurate and numerically efficient tooth contact analysis under load, applied to face-milled spiral bevel gears. Mech Mach Theory 130:137–156CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Gosselin C (2020) Advanced computer-aided gear design, analysis and manufacturing. New approaches to gear design and production. Springer, Cham, pp 71–113. Gosselin C (2020) Advanced computer-aided gear design, analysis and manufacturing. New approaches to gear design and production. Springer, Cham, pp 71–113.
40.
go back to reference Standardization I.O.f. ISO 10300-3:2014 Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears. Part 3: Calculation of tooth root strength. Geneva; International Organization for Standardization. Standardization I.O.f. ISO 10300-3:2014 Calculation of load capacity of bevel gears. Part 3: Calculation of tooth root strength. Geneva; International Organization for Standardization.
41.
go back to reference Chen SY, Tan RL, Guo XD (2021) Research on calculation method of meshing stiffness of straight bevel gear. J Mech Trans 45(09):62–67 Chen SY, Tan RL, Guo XD (2021) Research on calculation method of meshing stiffness of straight bevel gear. J Mech Trans 45(09):62–67
42.
go back to reference Chen SY, Tan RL, Guo XD (2022) Time varying meshing stiffness calculation of straight bevel gears based on energy equivalence. J Aerosp Power 37(2):320–329. Chen SY, Tan RL, Guo XD (2022) Time varying meshing stiffness calculation of straight bevel gears based on energy equivalence. J Aerosp Power 37(2):320–329.
43.
go back to reference Wu S, Zuo M, Parey A (2008) Simulation of spur gear dynamics and estimation of fault growth. J Sound Vib 317:608–624CrossRef Wu S, Zuo M, Parey A (2008) Simulation of spur gear dynamics and estimation of fault growth. J Sound Vib 317:608–624CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Wright S (2001) Face gear contact analysis program development using the thin slice method. Master's Thesis. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, America. Wright S (2001) Face gear contact analysis program development using the thin slice method. Master's Thesis. Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, America.
45.
go back to reference Feng M, Ma H, Li Z, Wang Q, Wen B (2018) An improved analytical method for calculating time-varying mesh stiffness of helical gears. Meccanica 53:1131–1145CrossRef Feng M, Ma H, Li Z, Wang Q, Wen B (2018) An improved analytical method for calculating time-varying mesh stiffness of helical gears. Meccanica 53:1131–1145CrossRef
46.
go back to reference Tavakoli MS, Houser DR (1986) Optimum profile modifications for the minimization of static transmission errors of Spur Gears. ASME J Mech Transm Autom Des 108:86–94CrossRef Tavakoli MS, Houser DR (1986) Optimum profile modifications for the minimization of static transmission errors of Spur Gears. ASME J Mech Transm Autom Des 108:86–94CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Nonlinear mesh stiffness model using slice coupling for straight bevel gear considering axial mesh force component and extended tooth contact
Authors
Siyu Chen
Rulong Tan
Xiaodong Guo
Weiqing Zhang
Ruizhi Shu
Publication date
08-09-2022
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Meccanica / Issue 10/2022
Print ISSN: 0025-6455
Electronic ISSN: 1572-9648
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11012-022-01581-x

Other articles of this Issue 10/2022

Meccanica 10/2022 Go to the issue

Premium Partners