Skip to main content
Top
Published in: Journal of Polymer Research 2/2017

01-02-2017 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Novel cross-linked membranes based on polybenzoxazine and polybenzimidazole containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moiety for high-temperature proton exchange membrane

Authors: Cheng Liu, Xin Wang, Yuemin Li, Shouhai Zhang, Jinyan Wang, Xigao Jian

Published in: Journal of Polymer Research | Issue 2/2017

Log in

Activate our intelligent search to find suitable subject content or patents.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Here, we report a series of novel PA-doped cross-linked benzoxazine-polybenzimidazole copolymer membranes. These membranes were obtained by mixing PBI containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moieties (PPBI) and 4-phenyl phthalazinone-based benzoxazine (Bp) in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), followed by heating to 260 °C. The cross-linking reaction was determined by DSC and gel fraction tests. These copolymer membranes showed excellent comprehensive properties, with high proton conductivity up to 14.7 mS/cm at 160 °C under anhydrous conditions. Besides, the P(PBp-co-PPBI)-30 membrane exhibited excellent mechanical property (approximately 50% improvement in tensile modules and strength compared to the pristine PPBI) and oxidative stability in Fenton’s test (remaining intact after 226 h). This study proved that using benzoxazine as a cross-linking agent is a promising method for improving the properties of proton exchange membranes (PEMs).

Dont have a licence yet? Then find out more about our products and how to get one now:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literature
1.
go back to reference Bose S, Kuila T, Thi XLN, Kim NH, Lau KT, Lee JH (2011) Polymer membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell: recent advances and challenges. Prog Polym Sci 36(6):813–843CrossRef Bose S, Kuila T, Thi XLN, Kim NH, Lau KT, Lee JH (2011) Polymer membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell: recent advances and challenges. Prog Polym Sci 36(6):813–843CrossRef
2.
go back to reference Matsumoto K, Higashihara T, Ueda M (2009) Locally and densely sulfonated poly(ether sulfone)s as proton exchange membrane. Macromolecules 42(4):1161–1166CrossRef Matsumoto K, Higashihara T, Ueda M (2009) Locally and densely sulfonated poly(ether sulfone)s as proton exchange membrane. Macromolecules 42(4):1161–1166CrossRef
3.
go back to reference Mauritz KA, Moore RB (2004) State of understanding of Nafion. Chem Rev 104(10):4535–4585CrossRef Mauritz KA, Moore RB (2004) State of understanding of Nafion. Chem Rev 104(10):4535–4585CrossRef
4.
go back to reference Steele BCH, Heinzel A (2001) Materials for fuel-cell technologies. Nature 414(6861):345–352CrossRef Steele BCH, Heinzel A (2001) Materials for fuel-cell technologies. Nature 414(6861):345–352CrossRef
5.
go back to reference Han MM, Zhang G, Liu ZG, Wang SA, Li MY, Zhu J, Li HT, Zhang Y, Lew CM, Na H (2011) Cross-linked polybenzimidazole with enhanced stability for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Mater Chem 21(7):2187–2193CrossRef Han MM, Zhang G, Liu ZG, Wang SA, Li MY, Zhu J, Li HT, Zhang Y, Lew CM, Na H (2011) Cross-linked polybenzimidazole with enhanced stability for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Mater Chem 21(7):2187–2193CrossRef
6.
go back to reference Kim SK, Ko T, Kim K, Choi SW, Park JO, Kim KH, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Poly[2,2 ‘-(m-phenylene)-5,5 ‘-bibenzimidazole] and poly[6-fluoro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzoxazine] based polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells at elevated temperature. Macromol Res 20(11):1181–1190CrossRef Kim SK, Ko T, Kim K, Choi SW, Park JO, Kim KH, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Poly[2,2 ‘-(m-phenylene)-5,5 ‘-bibenzimidazole] and poly[6-fluoro-3-(pyridin-2-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzoxazine] based polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells at elevated temperature. Macromol Res 20(11):1181–1190CrossRef
7.
go back to reference Li HY, Liu YL (2013) Polyelectrolyte composite membranes of polybenzimidazole and cross-linked polybenzimidazole-polybenzoxazine electrospun nanofibers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Mater Chem A 1(4):1171–1178CrossRef Li HY, Liu YL (2013) Polyelectrolyte composite membranes of polybenzimidazole and cross-linked polybenzimidazole-polybenzoxazine electrospun nanofibers for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Mater Chem A 1(4):1171–1178CrossRef
8.
go back to reference Miyatake K, Yasuda T, Hirai M, Nanasawa M, Watanabe M (2007) Synthesis and properties of a polyimide containing pendant sulfophenoxypropoxy groups. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 45(1):157–163CrossRef Miyatake K, Yasuda T, Hirai M, Nanasawa M, Watanabe M (2007) Synthesis and properties of a polyimide containing pendant sulfophenoxypropoxy groups. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 45(1):157–163CrossRef
9.
go back to reference P. Mustarelli, E. Quartarone, S. Grandi, A. Carollo, A. Magistris (2008) , Polybenzimidazole-based membranes as a real alternative to Nafion for fuel cells operating at low temperature, Adv Mater 20(7) 1339 − +. P. Mustarelli, E. Quartarone, S. Grandi, A. Carollo, A. Magistris (2008) , Polybenzimidazole-based membranes as a real alternative to Nafion for fuel cells operating at low temperature, Adv Mater 20(7) 1339 − +.
10.
go back to reference Namazi H, Ahmadi H (2011) Improving the proton conductivity and water uptake of polybenzimidazole-based proton exchange nanocomposite membranes with TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles chemically modified surfaces. J Power Sources 196(5):2573–2583CrossRef Namazi H, Ahmadi H (2011) Improving the proton conductivity and water uptake of polybenzimidazole-based proton exchange nanocomposite membranes with TiO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles chemically modified surfaces. J Power Sources 196(5):2573–2583CrossRef
11.
go back to reference Noy P, Li QF, Pan C, Bjerrurn NJ (2008) Cross-linked polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with dichloromethyl phosphinic acid as a cross-linker. Polym Advan Technol 19(9):1270–1275CrossRef Noy P, Li QF, Pan C, Bjerrurn NJ (2008) Cross-linked polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with dichloromethyl phosphinic acid as a cross-linker. Polym Advan Technol 19(9):1270–1275CrossRef
12.
go back to reference Liu ZY, Wainright JS, Litt MH, Savinell RF (2006) Study of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at Pt interfaced with phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole at elevated temperature and low relative humidity. Electrochim Acta 51(19):3914–3923CrossRef Liu ZY, Wainright JS, Litt MH, Savinell RF (2006) Study of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at Pt interfaced with phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole at elevated temperature and low relative humidity. Electrochim Acta 51(19):3914–3923CrossRef
13.
go back to reference Fontanella JJ, Wintersgill MC, Wainright JS, Savinell RF, Litt M (1998) High pressure electrical conductivity studies of acid doped polybenzimidazole. Electrochim Acta 43(10–11):1289–1294CrossRef Fontanella JJ, Wintersgill MC, Wainright JS, Savinell RF, Litt M (1998) High pressure electrical conductivity studies of acid doped polybenzimidazole. Electrochim Acta 43(10–11):1289–1294CrossRef
14.
go back to reference Samms SR, Wasmus S, Savinell RF (1996) Thermal stability of proton conducting acid doped polybenzimidazole in simulated fuel cell environments. J Electrochem Soc 143(4):1225–1232CrossRef Samms SR, Wasmus S, Savinell RF (1996) Thermal stability of proton conducting acid doped polybenzimidazole in simulated fuel cell environments. J Electrochem Soc 143(4):1225–1232CrossRef
15.
go back to reference Wang JT, Savinell RF, Wainright J, Litt M, Yu H (1996) A H-2/O-2 fuel cell using acid doped polybenzimidazole as polymer electrolyte. Electrochim Acta 41(2):193–197CrossRef Wang JT, Savinell RF, Wainright J, Litt M, Yu H (1996) A H-2/O-2 fuel cell using acid doped polybenzimidazole as polymer electrolyte. Electrochim Acta 41(2):193–197CrossRef
16.
go back to reference Jensen JO, Li Q, He R, Pan C, Bjerrum NJ (2005) 100-200 degrees C polymer fuel cells for use with NaAlH4. J Alloy Compd 404:653–656CrossRef Jensen JO, Li Q, He R, Pan C, Bjerrum NJ (2005) 100-200 degrees C polymer fuel cells for use with NaAlH4. J Alloy Compd 404:653–656CrossRef
17.
go back to reference Li QF, Jensen JO, Savinell RF, Bjerrum NJ (2009) High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells. Prog Polym Sci 34(5):449–477CrossRef Li QF, Jensen JO, Savinell RF, Bjerrum NJ (2009) High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells. Prog Polym Sci 34(5):449–477CrossRef
18.
go back to reference Miyatake K, Tombe T, Chikashige Y, Uchida H, Watanabe M (2007) Enhanced proton conduction in polymer electrolyte membranes with acid-functionalized polysilsesquioxane. Angew Chem Int Edit 46(35):6646–6649CrossRef Miyatake K, Tombe T, Chikashige Y, Uchida H, Watanabe M (2007) Enhanced proton conduction in polymer electrolyte membranes with acid-functionalized polysilsesquioxane. Angew Chem Int Edit 46(35):6646–6649CrossRef
19.
go back to reference Thomas OD, Peckham TJ, Thanganathan U, Yang YS, Holdcroft S (2010) Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles: proton conduction and acid–base crosslinking. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 48(16):3640–3650CrossRef Thomas OD, Peckham TJ, Thanganathan U, Yang YS, Holdcroft S (2010) Sulfonated Polybenzimidazoles: proton conduction and acid–base crosslinking. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 48(16):3640–3650CrossRef
20.
go back to reference Hasiotis C, Qingfend L, Deimede V, Kallitsis JK, Kontoyannis CG, Bjerrum NJ (2001) Development and characterization of acid-doped polybenzimidazole/sulfonated polysulfone blend polymer electrolytes for fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 148(5):A513–A519CrossRef Hasiotis C, Qingfend L, Deimede V, Kallitsis JK, Kontoyannis CG, Bjerrum NJ (2001) Development and characterization of acid-doped polybenzimidazole/sulfonated polysulfone blend polymer electrolytes for fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 148(5):A513–A519CrossRef
21.
go back to reference Chang ZH, Pu HT, Wan DC, Liu L, Yuan JJ, Yang ZL (2009) Chemical oxidative degradation of Polybenzimidazole in simulated environment of fuel cells. Polym Degrad Stabil 94(8):1206–1212CrossRef Chang ZH, Pu HT, Wan DC, Liu L, Yuan JJ, Yang ZL (2009) Chemical oxidative degradation of Polybenzimidazole in simulated environment of fuel cells. Polym Degrad Stabil 94(8):1206–1212CrossRef
22.
go back to reference Li MY, Zhang G, Zuo HP, Han MM, Zhao CJ, Jiang H, Liu ZG, Zhang LY, Na H (2012) End-group cross-linked polybenzimidazole blend membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane. J Membrane Sci 423:495–502CrossRef Li MY, Zhang G, Zuo HP, Han MM, Zhao CJ, Jiang H, Liu ZG, Zhang LY, Na H (2012) End-group cross-linked polybenzimidazole blend membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane. J Membrane Sci 423:495–502CrossRef
23.
go back to reference Ishida H, Rodriguez Y (1995) Catalyzing the curing reaction of a new benzoxazine-based phenolic resin. J Appl Polym Sci 58(10):1751–1760CrossRef Ishida H, Rodriguez Y (1995) Catalyzing the curing reaction of a new benzoxazine-based phenolic resin. J Appl Polym Sci 58(10):1751–1760CrossRef
24.
go back to reference Ishida H, Rodriguez Y (1995) Curing kinetics of a new benzoxazine-based phenolic resin by differential scanning calorimetry. Polymer 36(16):3151–3158CrossRef Ishida H, Rodriguez Y (1995) Curing kinetics of a new benzoxazine-based phenolic resin by differential scanning calorimetry. Polymer 36(16):3151–3158CrossRef
25.
go back to reference S. Ohashi, J. Kilbane, T. Heyl, H. Ishida (2015), Synthesis and Characterization of Cyanate Ester Functional Benzoxazine and Its Polymer, Macromolecules. S. Ohashi, J. Kilbane, T. Heyl, H. Ishida (2015), Synthesis and Characterization of Cyanate Ester Functional Benzoxazine and Its Polymer, Macromolecules.
26.
go back to reference Yao BJ, Yan XL, Ding Y, Lu ZJ, Dong DX, Ishida H, Litt M, Zhu L (2014) Synthesis of sulfonic acid-containing polybenzoxazine for proton exchange membrane in direct methanol fuel cells. Macromolecules 47(3):1039–1045CrossRef Yao BJ, Yan XL, Ding Y, Lu ZJ, Dong DX, Ishida H, Litt M, Zhu L (2014) Synthesis of sulfonic acid-containing polybenzoxazine for proton exchange membrane in direct methanol fuel cells. Macromolecules 47(3):1039–1045CrossRef
27.
go back to reference Kim SK, Kim KH, Park JO, Kim K, Ko T, Choi SW, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2013) Highly durable polymer electrolyte membranes at elevated temperature: cross-linked copolymer structure consisting of poly(benzoxazine) and poly(benzimidazole). J Power Sources 226:346–353CrossRef Kim SK, Kim KH, Park JO, Kim K, Ko T, Choi SW, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2013) Highly durable polymer electrolyte membranes at elevated temperature: cross-linked copolymer structure consisting of poly(benzoxazine) and poly(benzimidazole). J Power Sources 226:346–353CrossRef
28.
go back to reference Li XP, Liu C, Zhang SH, Yu GP, Jian XG (2012) Acid doped polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moieties for high-temperature PEMFC. J Membrane Sci 423:128–135CrossRef Li XP, Liu C, Zhang SH, Yu GP, Jian XG (2012) Acid doped polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moieties for high-temperature PEMFC. J Membrane Sci 423:128–135CrossRef
29.
go back to reference Liu C, Li XP, Xu J, Jian XG (2011) Synthesis and characterization of novel polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moiety. Eur Polym J 47(9):1852–1860CrossRef Liu C, Li XP, Xu J, Jian XG (2011) Synthesis and characterization of novel polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moiety. Eur Polym J 47(9):1852–1860CrossRef
30.
go back to reference Liu C, Li XP, Zhang SH, Li Z, Cao Y, Jian XG (2014) Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone groups for proton exchange membrane. Solid State Ionics 261:67–73CrossRef Liu C, Li XP, Zhang SH, Li Z, Cao Y, Jian XG (2014) Synthesis and characterization of sulfonated polybenzimidazoles containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone groups for proton exchange membrane. Solid State Ionics 261:67–73CrossRef
31.
go back to reference R.L. Wang, X.G. Jian, X.L. Zhu, S.H. Zhang (2002), Synthesis and properties of novel soluble heterocyclic polyamides, Acta Polym Sin (2) 163–166. R.L. Wang, X.G. Jian, X.L. Zhu, S.H. Zhang (2002), Synthesis and properties of novel soluble heterocyclic polyamides, Acta Polym Sin (2) 163–166.
32.
go back to reference Jeong MH, Lee KS, Lee JS (2009) Cross-linking density effect of fluorinated aromatic polyethers on transport properties. Macromolecules 42(5):1652–1658CrossRef Jeong MH, Lee KS, Lee JS (2009) Cross-linking density effect of fluorinated aromatic polyethers on transport properties. Macromolecules 42(5):1652–1658CrossRef
33.
go back to reference Pan HY, Zhu XL, Jian XG (2010) Synthesis and properties of sulfonated copoly(phthalazinone ether imides) as electrolyte membranes in fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 55(3):709–714CrossRef Pan HY, Zhu XL, Jian XG (2010) Synthesis and properties of sulfonated copoly(phthalazinone ether imides) as electrolyte membranes in fuel cells. Electrochim Acta 55(3):709–714CrossRef
34.
go back to reference Kim SK, Choi SW, Jeon WS, Park JO, Ko T, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Cross-linked benzoxazine-benzimidazole copolymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells at elevated temperature. Macromolecules 45(3):1438–1446CrossRef Kim SK, Choi SW, Jeon WS, Park JO, Ko T, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Cross-linked benzoxazine-benzimidazole copolymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells at elevated temperature. Macromolecules 45(3):1438–1446CrossRef
35.
go back to reference Zhao P, Zhou Q, Deng YY, Zhu RQ, Gu Y (2014) Reaction induced phase separation in thermosetting/thermosetting blends: effects of imidazole content on the phase separation of benzoxazine/epoxy blends. RSC Adv 4(106):61634–61642CrossRef Zhao P, Zhou Q, Deng YY, Zhu RQ, Gu Y (2014) Reaction induced phase separation in thermosetting/thermosetting blends: effects of imidazole content on the phase separation of benzoxazine/epoxy blends. RSC Adv 4(106):61634–61642CrossRef
36.
go back to reference Ding FC, Wang SJ, Xiao M, Li XH, Meng YZ (2007) Fabrication and properties of cross-linked sulfonated fluorene-containing poly(arylene ether ketone) for proton exchange membrane. J Power Sources 170(1):20–27CrossRef Ding FC, Wang SJ, Xiao M, Li XH, Meng YZ (2007) Fabrication and properties of cross-linked sulfonated fluorene-containing poly(arylene ether ketone) for proton exchange membrane. J Power Sources 170(1):20–27CrossRef
37.
go back to reference Paul M, Park HB, Freeman BD, Roy A, McGrath JE, Riffle JS (2008) Synthesis and cross-linking of partially disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers as candidates for chlorine resistant reverse osmosis membranes. Polymer 49(9):2243–2252CrossRef Paul M, Park HB, Freeman BD, Roy A, McGrath JE, Riffle JS (2008) Synthesis and cross-linking of partially disulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) random copolymers as candidates for chlorine resistant reverse osmosis membranes. Polymer 49(9):2243–2252CrossRef
38.
go back to reference Carollo A, Quartarone E, Tomasi C, Mustarelli P, Belotti F, Magistris A, Maestroni F, Parachini M, Garlaschelli L, Righetti PP (2006) Developments of new proton conducting membranes based on different polybenzimidazole structures for fuel cells applications. J Power Sources 160(1):175–180CrossRef Carollo A, Quartarone E, Tomasi C, Mustarelli P, Belotti F, Magistris A, Maestroni F, Parachini M, Garlaschelli L, Righetti PP (2006) Developments of new proton conducting membranes based on different polybenzimidazole structures for fuel cells applications. J Power Sources 160(1):175–180CrossRef
39.
go back to reference Zhang K, Liu J, Ohashi S, Liu XY, Han ZW, Ishida H (2015) Synthesis of high thermal stability Polybenzoxazoles via ortho-imide-functional benzoxazine monomers. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 53(11):1330–1338CrossRef Zhang K, Liu J, Ohashi S, Liu XY, Han ZW, Ishida H (2015) Synthesis of high thermal stability Polybenzoxazoles via ortho-imide-functional benzoxazine monomers. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 53(11):1330–1338CrossRef
40.
go back to reference Zhang K, Ishida H (2015) An anomalous trade-off effect on the properties of smart ortho-functional benzoxazines. Polym Chem-Uk 6(13):2541–2550CrossRef Zhang K, Ishida H (2015) An anomalous trade-off effect on the properties of smart ortho-functional benzoxazines. Polym Chem-Uk 6(13):2541–2550CrossRef
41.
go back to reference Kim SK, Ko T, Choi SW, Park JO, Kim KH, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Durable cross-linked copolymer membranes based on poly(benzoxazine) and poly(2, 5-benzimidazole) for use in fuel cells at elevated temperatures. J Mater Chem 22(15):7194–7205CrossRef Kim SK, Ko T, Choi SW, Park JO, Kim KH, Pak C, Chang H, Lee JC (2012) Durable cross-linked copolymer membranes based on poly(benzoxazine) and poly(2, 5-benzimidazole) for use in fuel cells at elevated temperatures. J Mater Chem 22(15):7194–7205CrossRef
42.
go back to reference Xu HJ, Chen KC, Guo XX, Fang JH, Yin J (2007) Synthesis of hyperbranched polybenzimidazoles and their membrane formation. J Membrane Sci 288(1–2):255–260CrossRef Xu HJ, Chen KC, Guo XX, Fang JH, Yin J (2007) Synthesis of hyperbranched polybenzimidazoles and their membrane formation. J Membrane Sci 288(1–2):255–260CrossRef
43.
go back to reference He C, Han KF, Yu JH, Zhu H, Wang ZM (2016) Novel anti-oxidative membranes based on sulfide-containing polybenzimidazole for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Eur Polym J 74:168–179CrossRef He C, Han KF, Yu JH, Zhu H, Wang ZM (2016) Novel anti-oxidative membranes based on sulfide-containing polybenzimidazole for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Eur Polym J 74:168–179CrossRef
44.
go back to reference Devrim Y, Devrim H, Eroglu I (2016) Polybenzimidazole/SiO2 hybrid membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Int J Hydrogen Energ 41(23):10044–10052CrossRef Devrim Y, Devrim H, Eroglu I (2016) Polybenzimidazole/SiO2 hybrid membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Int J Hydrogen Energ 41(23):10044–10052CrossRef
45.
go back to reference Hooshyari K, Javanbakht M, Adibi M (2016) Novel composite membranes based on dicationic ionic liquid and polybenzimidazole mixtures as strategy for enhancing thermal and electrochemical properties of proton exchange membrane fuel cells applications at high temperature. Int J Hydrogen Energ 41(25):10870–10883CrossRef Hooshyari K, Javanbakht M, Adibi M (2016) Novel composite membranes based on dicationic ionic liquid and polybenzimidazole mixtures as strategy for enhancing thermal and electrochemical properties of proton exchange membrane fuel cells applications at high temperature. Int J Hydrogen Energ 41(25):10870–10883CrossRef
46.
go back to reference H. Li, C. Shen, S. Yin, W. Li (2016), Preparation of polysiloxane phosphonic acid doped polybenzimidazole high-temperature proton-exchange membrane, J Appl Polym Sci 133(6) n/a-n/a. H. Li, C. Shen, S. Yin, W. Li (2016), Preparation of polysiloxane phosphonic acid doped polybenzimidazole high-temperature proton-exchange membrane, J Appl Polym Sci 133(6) n/a-n/a.
47.
go back to reference Villa DC, Angioni S, Dal Barco S, Mustarelli P, Quartarone E (2014) Polysulfonated fluoro-oxyPBI membranes for PEMFCs: an efficient strategy to achieve good fuel cell performances with low H3PO4 doping levels. Adv Energy Mater 4(11) Villa DC, Angioni S, Dal Barco S, Mustarelli P, Quartarone E (2014) Polysulfonated fluoro-oxyPBI membranes for PEMFCs: an efficient strategy to achieve good fuel cell performances with low H3PO4 doping levels. Adv Energy Mater 4(11)
48.
go back to reference Fang J, Lin X, Cai D, He N, Zhao JB (2016) Preparation and characterization of novel pyridine-containing polybenzimidazole membrane for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Membrane Sci 502:29–36CrossRef Fang J, Lin X, Cai D, He N, Zhao JB (2016) Preparation and characterization of novel pyridine-containing polybenzimidazole membrane for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Membrane Sci 502:29–36CrossRef
49.
go back to reference Jheng LC, Chang WJY, Hsu SLC, Cheng PY (2016) Durability of symmetrically and asymmetrically porous polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 323:57–66CrossRef Jheng LC, Chang WJY, Hsu SLC, Cheng PY (2016) Durability of symmetrically and asymmetrically porous polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. J Power Sources 323:57–66CrossRef
50.
go back to reference Sun GH, Han KF, Yu JH, Zhu H, Wang ZM (2016) Non-planar backbone structure polybenzimidazole membranes with excellent solubility, high proton conductivity, and better anti-oxidative for HT-PEMFCs. RSC Adv 6(93):91068–91076CrossRef Sun GH, Han KF, Yu JH, Zhu H, Wang ZM (2016) Non-planar backbone structure polybenzimidazole membranes with excellent solubility, high proton conductivity, and better anti-oxidative for HT-PEMFCs. RSC Adv 6(93):91068–91076CrossRef
51.
go back to reference Shabanikia A, Javanbakht M, Amoli HS, Hooshyari K, Enhessari M (2015) Novel nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole and Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Ionics 21(8):2227–2236CrossRef Shabanikia A, Javanbakht M, Amoli HS, Hooshyari K, Enhessari M (2015) Novel nanocomposite membranes based on polybenzimidazole and Fe2TiO5 nanoparticles for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Ionics 21(8):2227–2236CrossRef
Metadata
Title
Novel cross-linked membranes based on polybenzoxazine and polybenzimidazole containing 4-phenyl phthalazinone moiety for high-temperature proton exchange membrane
Authors
Cheng Liu
Xin Wang
Yuemin Li
Shouhai Zhang
Jinyan Wang
Xigao Jian
Publication date
01-02-2017
Publisher
Springer Netherlands
Published in
Journal of Polymer Research / Issue 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1022-9760
Electronic ISSN: 1572-8935
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-016-1173-4

Other articles of this Issue 2/2017

Journal of Polymer Research 2/2017 Go to the issue

Premium Partners