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Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing

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15-07-2021 | Original Article

Physiological separation of Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease with significant levels of cerebrovascular symptomology and healthy controls

Authors: Brian J. Lithgow, Zeinab Dastgheib, Neda Anssari, Behzad Mansouri, Brian Blakley, Mehrangiz Ashiri, Zahra Moussavi

Published in: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing | Issue 7-8/2021

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Abstract

Most dementia patients with a mixed dementia (MxD) diagnosis have a mix of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia. Electrovestibulography (EVestG) records vestibuloacoustic afferent activity. We hypothesize EVestG recordings of AD and MxD patients are different. All patients were assessed with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and Hachinski ischemic scale (HIS) (> 4 HIS score < 7 is representative of MxD cerebrovascular symptomology). EVestG recordings were made from 26 AD, 21 MxD and 44 healthy (control) participants. Features were derived from the EVestG recordings of the average field potential and field potential interval histogram to classify the AD, MxD and control groups. Multivariate analysis was used to test the features’ significance. Using a leave-one-out cross-validated linear discriminant analysis with 3 EVestG features yielded accuracies > 80% for separating pairs of AD/MxD/control. Using the MoCA assessment and 2 EVestG features, a best accuracy of 81 to 91% depending on the classifier was obtained for the 3-way identification of AD, MxD and controls. EVestG measures provide a physiological basis for identifying AD from MxD. EVestG measures are hypothesized to be partly related to channelopathies and changes in the descending input to the vestibular periphery. Four of the five AD or MxD versus control features used had significant correlations with the MoCA. This supports assertions that the pathologic changes associated with AD impact the vestibular system and further are suggestive that the postulated physiological changes behind these features have an association with cognitive decline severity.

Graphical abstract

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Title: Physiological separation of Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease with significant levels of cerebrovascular symptomology and healthy controls
Authors: Brian J. Lithgow
Zeinab Dastgheib
Neda Anssari
Behzad Mansouri
Brian Blakley
Mehrangiz Ashiri
Zahra Moussavi
Publication date: 15-07-2021
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Published in: Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing / Issue 7-8/2021
Print ISSN: 0140-0118
Electronic ISSN: 1741-0444
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-021-02409-8

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