6. Pressure—Velocity Coupling in Steady Flows

This chapter considers pressure-velocity coupling by finite volume method for steady flows both incompressible and compressible cases. Pitot and Venturi tubes for measurement of velocity are given that use Bernoulli principles. For adiabatic flows stagnation conditions are derived. For isentropic flows, sonic and supersonic conditions are obtained. Supersonic flows with a normal shock in divergent portion of a nozzle are obtained by considering quasi one-dimensional flow with area changing in nozzles. Different forms of energy equations for adiabatic flows are presented. Mach number and characteristic Mach number in a given flow are derived. Quasi one-dimensional flow through converging diverging nozzles is discussed. Nozzle performance for various back pressures is explained for isentropic flow with a normal shock forming in the divergent portion. The flows through a diffuser are also presented. The modeling of converging-diverging nozzles using finite volume method by computational fluid dynamics is explained leading to SBES with HPC for designs.